Reference Daily Intake

About: Reference Daily Intake is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1564 publications have been published within this topic receiving 52794 citations.

Dietary reference intakes: cases of appropriate and inappropriate uses

Abstract: The dietary reference intakes (DRIs) are a set of reference intake levels for nutrients that can be used for planning diets and assessing nutrient inadequacies of individuals and groups. Since the publication of the DRI reports 1997–2004, the reference intake levels have been used for various purposes. While DRIs have been used appropriately for planning and assessing diets for many different situations, there have been instances in which specific DRI categories have not been applied as intended. In this review, cases are described in which DRIs were applied correctly, as well as cases from the growing number of examples in which the wrong DRI was used or DRIs were used incorrectly.

Dietary intake of vitamin D in a northern Canadian Dené First Nation community

Abstract: Background. Increased awareness of the wide spectrum of activity of vitamin D has focused interest on its role in the health of Canada’s Aboriginal peoples, who bear a high burden of both infectious and chronic disease. Cutaneous vitamin D synthesis is limited at northern latitudes, and the transition from nutrient-dense traditional to nutrient-poor market foods has left many Canadian Aboriginal populations food insecure and nutritionally vulnerable. Objective. The study was undertaken to determine the level of dietary vitamin D in a northern Canadian Aboriginal (Dene´) community and to determine the primary food sources of vitamin D. Design. Cross-sectional study. Methods. Dietary vitamin D intakes of 46 adult Dene´ men and women were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire and compared across age, gender, season and body mass index. The adequacy of dietary vitamin D intake was assessed using the 2007 Adequate Intake (AI) and the 2011 Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) values for Dietary Reference Intake (DRI). Results. Mean daily vitamin D intake was 271.4 IU in winter and 298.3 IU in summer. Forty percent and 47.8% of participants met the vitamin D 1997 AI values in winter and summer, respectively; this dropped to 11.1 and 13.0% in winter and summer using 2011 RDA values. Supplements, milk, and local fish were positively associated with adequate vitamin D intake. Milk and local fish were the major dietary sources of vitamin D. Conclusions. Dietary intake of vitamin D in the study population was low. Only 2 food sources, fluid milk and fish, provided the majority of dietary vitamin D. Addressing low vitamin D intake in this population requires action aimed at food insecurity present in northern Aboriginal populations. Keywords: vitamin D; First Nations; indigenous; Aboriginal; diet; nutrition; food security (Published: 5 August 2013) This paper is part of Supplement 1, 2013, ICCH15 Proceedings . More papers from this Supplement can be found here . Citation: Int J Circumpolar Health 2013, 72 : 20723 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/ijch.v72i0.20723

Review of labelling reference intake values Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies on a request from the Commission related to the review of labelling reference intake values for selected nutritional elements 1

Abstract: SUMMARY Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies was asked to review and provide advice on labelling reference intakes for energy, fat, saturates (saturated fat), carbohydrate, sugars and salt that are included in a proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and the Council on the provision of food information to the consumer (COM(2008) 40). The proposed labelling reference intakes for energy and nutrients are to be used to enable the nutrient content of a food product (per 100 g, per 100 ml, or per portion) to be expressed as a percentage of a typical recommended daily intake (adults). This information allows comparison of the nutritional values of food products and can help to convey the relative significance of the food as a source of energy and nutrients in the context of a total daily diet. For practical application in nutrition labelling, a single reference intake is proposed for each nutrient using rounded values for ease of calculation. Labelling reference intakes for total fat, saturated fat, carbohydrate, sugars and salt may be derived from science-based nutrient intake recommendations for the general population that have been established by national and international authorities. For these nutrients, intake recommendations for the general population are based on evidence of relationships between intake and the risk of obesity and/or diet-related diseases (e.g. cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, dental caries). The nutrient intake recommendations for the general population established by authorities in different EU countries are generally consistent (but not uniform). It is important to distinguish the labelling reference intakes for nutrients from dietary reference values established for population groups.

The Use of Glycomacropeptide in Dietary Management of Phenylketonuria.

Abstract: Dietary therapy is the most common therapy applied in treatment of Phenylketonuria (PKU) with restriction of intake of most natural proteins that are rich in Phenylalanine (Phe). Recently, it has been claimed that caseinoglycomacropeptide (GMP), derived of whey, may be used to replace the amino acid formulae (AAF). The Aim of Work. To study the feasibility of use of GMP for partial replacement of artificial formula in treatment of children with PKU. Methods. Ten patients with PKU were included in the study. They received the recommended daily allowances of protein in the form of AAF or a combination of AAF and GMP. The percent of intake of GMP in phases 1 and 2 was 50% and zero%, respectively. Results. The median and interquartiles of phenyl alanine Phe levels phase were not significantly different in phases I and II, 376 (167–551) μmol/L versus 490 (289–597) μmol/L, respectively. Phenylalanine/tyrosine ratio, amino acids, and other laboratory data showed no significant difference between the two phases. Conclusion. GMP may be used to replace 50% of the protein intake to improve the nutritive value and palatability of diet and to provide a more satisfactory diet. No toxicity or side effects were reported in patients on that regimen.