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Reference Daily Intake

About: Reference Daily Intake is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1564 publications have been published within this topic receiving 52794 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review will focus on the potential implications for food choice and dietary intake of purchase and consumption of macronutrient-substituted foods by normal consumers in the domestic environment, primarily relying on data from population-based studies and prospective trials.
Abstract: Public concern with body weight control and other perceived health implications of high fat and sugar consumption have prompted massive industrial efforts toward the development and marketing of novel formulations of traditional foods, nutritionally modified by the replacement or removal of macronutrients, primarily fats and sugars. Scientific evaluations of the potential influences of fat or sugar replacement on energy intake or weight control have been largely derived from animal research and from numerous laboratory-based human feeding studies that have focused on appetite and eating behavior under controlled and generally short-term conditions. This latter body of work is reviewed elsewhere in this volume and in other sources.'\" Although laboratory-based studies have provided a wealth of information relating to the psychobiological determinants and correlates of hunger, satiety, and regulation of energy balance, it is not clear how closely the results of such experiments relate to \"real-life*' consumer behaviors. Indeed, there are many reasons why the results of these types of experiments should not be used as the principal basis for predicting actual dietary implications of macronutrient-substituted food product use by consumers in natural situation^.^ In most of th is work, studies have been conducted (or at least meals consumed) in a controlled research setting, a restricted range of foods has been provided free of cost by investigators, and subjects have not had access to normal packaging or nutrition information. Appropriate consumer research requires more realistic food acquisition and eating environments and allows for broader external influences on food choice, including cognitive behavioral responses. This review will focus on the potential implications for food choice and dietary intake of purchase and consumption of macronutrient-substituted foods by normal consumers in the domestic environment, primarily relying on data from population-based studies and prospective trials. A broad range of existing and proposed intense sweeteners, bulk replacers, and ingredients and technologies for fat reduction are discussed at length in the food technology literature and other sources.6 Fat and sugar replacement will be considered here as generic categories, although acknowledging that the use, acceptance, or dietary

14 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In various investigations, responses to ascorbic acid were not obtained under conditions where the intake was considerably lower than the recommended daily allowances, but higher than the level needed to prevent clinical symptoms of ascorBic acid deficiency.
Abstract: Recommended daily allowances, U.S.A., for ascorbic acid are several times the minimum daily requirement of about 10 mg to prevent clinical symptoms in adults. The recommended daily allowances reflect the levels of ascorbic acid required to produce tissue saturation in human beings, so that higher doses are promptly excreted in the urine. In various investigations, responses to ascorbic acid were not obtained under conditions where the intake was considerably lower than the recommended daily allowances, but higher than the level needed to prevent clinical symptoms of ascorbic acid deficiency. The human ascorbic acid requirement cannot be calculated by a linear extrapolation from guinea pigs per kg of body weight because guinea pigs are much smaller than human beings and, hence, their metabolism is more rapid per unit of body weight. Evolutionary loss of ascorbic-acid-synthesizing ability may be a neutral change that was incorporated by genetic drift.

14 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: The committee on Dietary Reference Intakes for sugar set the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range for total sugar as 10-20% of total energy intake because it was so hard to calculate a dietary intake of added sugar for Korean people.
Abstract: Sugars are a ubiquitous component of our food supply and are consumed as a naturally occurring component of many foods and as additions to foods during processing, preparation, or at the table. Most fruits and dairy products are high in sugars and thus naturally occurring sugars are consumed as part of a healthy diet. Some countries developed recommended daily intake figures (daily values: DVs or guideline daily amounts: GDA) for nutrients, and some countries, but not most have developed DV/GDA for total sugars. Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans established by the Korean Nutrition Society in 2005, did not include the reference values for total sugar or added sugar. The committee on Dietary Reference Intakes for sugar was constituted in 2006 and discussed whether to specify added sugars or total sugar. Although added sugars are not chemically or physiologically different from naturally occurring sugars, many foods and beverages that are major sources of added sugars have lower micronutrient densities compared with foods and beverages that are major sources of naturally occuring sugars. But it was so hard to calculate a dietary intake of added sugar for Korean people, because there was insufficient information about contents of added sugar during processing or preparation of Korean food. Currently Korean or US food labels contain information on total sugars per serving but do not distinguish between sugars naturally present in food and added sugars. Therefore the committee decided to set the reference value for total sugar for Koreans. According to the recommended diet pattern for Koreans suggested by the Korean Nutrition Society, estimated sugar intake from the sugar containing food based on 2,000 kilocalories is 67g or 13% of total energy. Based on the data available on risk of obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome from the analysis of Korean NHANES, it was insufficient evidence to set a UL for total sugar, but tended to increase serum LDL cholesterol and obesity at over 20-25% of energy from total sugar when consumed with high carbohydrates. Therefore the committee on Dietary Reference Intakes for sugar set the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range for total sugar as 10-20% of total energy intake. (Korean J Nutr 2007; 40 (Suppl) : 3~8)

14 citations

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: Use of a common food pattern for women at all stages in the reproductive cycle enables dietitians and other health care providers to teach pregnant women the elements of a quality diet that will better ensure good health for a life time.
Abstract: The requirements for selected nutrients increase appreciably during pregnancy. The recommended intakes for the following nutrients are >25% higher than are the amounts recommended for nonpregnant women: protein, α-linolenic acid, iodine, iron, zinc, folate, niacin, riboflavin, thiamin, and vitamin B6. The needs for protein, iron, folate, and vitamin B6 are about 50% higher. Good food sources of these nutrients are grains, dark green or orange vegetables, and the meat, beans, and nuts groups. Additional energy is also required to meet the needs for moving a heavier body, the rise in metabolic rate, and tissue deposition. Approximately 340–450 kcal are needed in the second and third trimesters, respectively. Although these increased nutrient requirements are significant, the same food pattern recommended for nonpregnant women can be recommended to pregnant women because that food pattern meets pregnancy nutrient Recommended Daily Allowances (RDAs) for all nutrients except iron and vitamin E. The shortfall in iron and vitamin E can be provided by any vitamin–mineral supplement supplying at least 10 mg iron and 9mg vitamin E. Use of a common food pattern for women at all stages in the reproductive cycle enables dietitians and other health care providers to teach pregnant women the elements of a quality diet that will better ensure good health for a life time.

13 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Mar 2009
TL;DR: Diet of women residing in four district of Rajasthan was inadequate in all the food groups except fat, roots and tubers and other vegetables, and the most limiting nutrients in their diet were energy, protein, iron, calcium, carotene and folic acid.
Abstract: The present study was concluded on 500 pregnant women residing in four district of Rajasthan viz. Udaipur, Alwar Sriganganagar and Bikaner to assess their nutritional profile. A pretested interview schedule used to collect the background information about the family and the subject. Dietary adequacy was assessed by 24 hour recall method using standardized cup set. The mean intake of different food stuffs consumed was computed for a day and compared with the balanced diet. The nutrient intake was calculated using nutritive value given in food composition table. Mean intake of nutrients was compared with the recommended dietary allowances reported. Results revealed that diet of women was inadequate in all the food groups except fat, roots and tubers and other vegetables. The most limiting nutrients in their diet were energy, protein, iron, calcium, carotene and folic acid. Statistical analysis portrays that intake of protein, energy, calcium and iron were significant at p <0.001 levels in all the district.

13 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202319
202220
202135
202039
201929
201838