Reference Daily Intake

About: Reference Daily Intake is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1564 publications have been published within this topic receiving 52794 citations.

Ascertaining the Impact of the 2000 USDA Dietary Guidelines for Americans on the Intake of Calories, Caffeine, Calcium, and Vitamin C from At-Home Consumption of Nonalcoholic Beverages

Abstract: Obesity is one of the most pressing and widely emphasized health problems in America today. Beverage choices made by households have impacts on determining the intake of calories, calcium, caffeine, and vitamin C. Using data from the Nielsen Homescan Panel over the period 1998-2003, and a two-way random-effects Fuller-Battese error components procedure, we estimate econometric models to examine economic and demographic factors affecting per-capita daily intake of calories, calcium, caffeine, and vitamin C derived from the consumption of nonalcoholic beverages. Our study demonstrates the effectiveness of the USDA 2000 Dietary Guidelines in reducing caloric and nutrient intake associated with nonalcoholic beverages.

Vitamins and Minerals

Abstract: Increasing attention has been given in recent years to the importance of diet in promoting health and preventing illness. The benefits of specific food components that expand the role of diet in health promotion have been identified. With a variety of compounds readily available to consumers, more people are taking self-prescribed supplemental nutrients to maintain or improve health. Vitamins and minerals are essential to the health of women across the lifespan, but deficiencies may occur because of inadequate diet; life-style choices and habits; increased requirements during growth, menstruation, pregnancy, and lactation; menopause; and illness. Critical knowledge for women's health care practitioners includes the recommended daily allowances of vitamins and minerals, sources, factors affecting dietary intake and use, and considerations for nutritional assessment and intervention.

Management of Fluid Status in Haemodialysis Patients: The Roles of Technology and Dietary Advice

Abstract: The kidneys play a vital role in maintaining normal tissue hydration and serum sodium level. In haemodialysis patients, with impaired or absent kidney function, fluid status is managed by removing excess fluid using ultrafiltration and by restricting dietary sodium intake. Ideally, haemodialysis patients should remain close to normal hydration throughout the interdialytic period, with minimal periods of excessive dehydration or fluid overload and with no fluid–related co-morbidity. Optimal fluid management is achieved by adjusting the post-dialysis ‘target’ weight and, where necessary, limiting the fluid gained between dialysis sessions. While clinical history and examination remain the basis for prescribing the target weight, technology can provide useful objective information especially where the clinical indications are ambiguous. A simple non-invasive test can now be carried out when a patient attends for dialysis enabling staff to pick up changes in body composition so that their target weight can be adjusted to maintain optimal fluid status. In most patients, interdialytic fluid gain (IDFG) is directly related to sodium intake. Acceptable fluid gains can usually be achieved by limiting salt intake to the recommended daily allowance for the general population and avoiding unnecessary sodium loading during dialysis. Low pre-dialysis serum sodium levels can help identify patients with other causes of high IDFG, such as high blood sugar or social drinking, who need additional counselling. For the patients, lowering sodium intake may also improve blood pressure control and reduce requirements for antihypertensive medication. Staff education, and preferably participation, is vital when implementing salt restriction in a haemodialysis unit.