Reference Daily Intake

About: Reference Daily Intake is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1564 publications have been published within this topic receiving 52794 citations.

Dietary and Built Environment Assessment in a Latino Community

Abstract: Background: Assessment of basic dietary intake and community nutrition environment is lacking and needed to improve health outcomes for the growing U.S. Latino community. Purpose: The dietary intake and community nutrition environment of a Latino population in the Midwest was evaluated. Methods: In a community clinic, Block Food Frequency Screeners in Spanish were administered to measure daily fruit, vegetable and fat intake. The community nutrition environment, specifically store outlets, was evaluated on the basis of availability, price and quality of foods using Nutrition Environment Measurement Surveys-Stores (NEMS-S). Results: The adult Latino community's fruit, vegetable, and fat intake is considered “good”, except adult males exhibited a “fair” consumption of fat. NEMS-S revealed a good availability and quality of “healthy” food options in the stores, but reported higher prices, on average, for “healthy” options. Discussion: Dietary intake may reflect a community in transition from a predo...

Nutritional status assessment of Minodar residence in Qazvin city, Iran: vitamin D deficiency in sunshine country, a public health issue.

Abstract: Introduction: Nutrition has main effect on health or disease and results of nutrition assessment can be used in health planning of communities. Therefore we aimed to conduct the nutrition assessment especially vitamin D statue of an urban region in Qazvin city. Methods: In a cross sectional study in year 2011, subjects who were randomly selected from residents of aged ≥ 20 years old in Minodar, an urban region of Qazvin city participated in this study. A 3-days food diary questionnaire was used to collect food consumption data and weight and height of subjects were measured. The food intake was analysis using "Nutrition 4, Diet analysis, Module version 3.5.2". Results: The participants included 930 subjects (434 M and 496 F) having Mean BMI = 26 ± 4.4 kg/m 2 and 60% of subjects were either overweight or obese. Daily energy intake of 50% of subjects was more than 2500 (13.6% from proteins, 55.6% from carbohydrate and 30.5% from fat sources). The daily cholesterol intake among 50-75% of population was more than daily recommended of 300 mg. The mean iron and zinc intakes were 17±5.6 and 12±4.5 mg/day and the intakes were highest in aged group of 20-29, while reduced in older groups. Vitamin A deficiency was observed in studied population and 75% of them were receiving less than daily recommended allowance of 800 μg/day, 25% of total studied population was receiving less than 400 μg/day. Vitamin D ingestion among 90-95% of participants was less than minimum daily recommended amount of 10 μg/day and calcium intake in 50-75% of studied population was less than recommended daily allowance of 800 mlg/day. High amount of florid and caffeine ingestion from black tea was observed among population and 75% of population had florid intake of 10000 mμ/day. Conclusion: In general, majority of the population of region had higher amount intake of fat, cholesterol, low intake of calcium and vitamin D

Estimation of daily dietary intake of aluminum

Abstract: The daily dietary intake of aluminum was estimated through a total diet study from 1996 to 1998. In ten institutes, total diet study samples were prepared and their aluminum concentration was determined. The average daily intake of aluminum was 3.5 mg and the range was 1.8-8.4 mg. The validity of the analytical result was supported by analyses of certified reference materials.

Dietary intake among adults with special reference to vitamin B6.

Abstract: OBJECTIVE To assess the adequacy of the dietary intake in general, and that of vitamin B6 intake especially. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS Dietary intake based on 3 d diet-records was assessed among a random sample of the adult Dutch population (the reference group, n = 300) aged 20-79 y, stratified for age and gender and among a group with a low vitamin B6 intake, selected by means of a food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS Among the reference group, absolute vitamin B6 intake on average amply met the RDA in all age-gender categories, whereas the adequate level of 20 microg vitamin B6 per gram protein, was on average met by men only. The prevalences of a vitamin B6 intake below the minimum requirement (absolute) of 1 mg/d was 1-11% and below the average minimum requirement of 15 microg/g protein was 5-12% for the various age-sex reference groups. Average intake of folate among women of childbearing age did not meet the recommendation of 400 microg/d for those who want to become pregnant. Average intake of iron and iodine was also below recommended levels among women aged 20-49 y. Both absolute vitamin B6 intake and the vitamin B6/protein ratio calculated with the diet records was lower among the low vitamin B6 groups than among the reference groups, indicating that the preselection of groups with low vitamin B6 intakes on the basis of a food frequency questionnaire was successful. Intake of energy and macro- and micronutrients, as well as a nutrient density of the diet were lower among low vitamin B6 groups than among reference groups. CONCLUSIONS It is concluded that a low vitamin B6 intake is the result of both the quantity (energy) and quality (nutrient density) of the food consumed. The effects of this are not restricted to vitamin B6 and therefore, the low vitamin B6 groups have a combination of relatively low intakes.

Mineral Content of Food Supplements of Plant Origin, by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence: A Risk Assessment

Abstract: The aim of this study is to evaluate the elemental composition of six food supplements of plant origin, commonly sold in the Portuguese market, by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence. The presence of arsenic in all the Maca, Ashwagandha, Camu-Camu and Hemp protein samples (except the generic form) is a reason of concern due to the long-term effects of As mainly in its inorganic form. Thus, great caution must be taken on some food supplements, particularly the cases of Moringa from Egypt and Yellow/Xpresso Maca, whose inorganic As concentrations are in line with the upper bound concentration for the 95th dietary exposure according to the European Food Safety Authority which is 0.64 μg/kg bw/day. In what regards Hemp protein, if the supplier’s daily intake recommendation (30 g) is followed, values as high as 1.75 μg/kg bw/day of inorganic As will be consumed, which are dangerously above the upper bound. In this case this specific supplement lot should be removed from the market. Also the consumption of Hemp protein leads to a daily intake of Mn above the Daily Reference Intake (DRI) and Adequate Intakes (AIs) for adults. The contamination of Goji berries by Pb is a reason for concern—organic berries contained 11.3 μg/g while berries derived from conventional agriculture 11.6 μg/g, leading to daily intake doses of 315.3 μg and 324.8 μg, respectively, if the recommended daily intake of 28 g is followed. Our findings point out to an inadequacy of the recommended intakes by the supplier vis a vis the concentrations observed, greatly increasing the risk for public health.