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Reference Daily Intake

About: Reference Daily Intake is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1564 publications have been published within this topic receiving 52794 citations.


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TL;DR: Nutrient intakes in consumers compared with non-consumers were closer to dietary reference values, such as higher intakes of fibre, Mg and Fe, and lower intakes of Na, suggesting that higher intake of whole grain is associated with improved diet quality.
Abstract: Epidemiological evidence suggests an inverse association between whole grain consumption and the risk of non-communicable diseases, such as CVD, type 2 diabetes, obesity and some cancers. A recent analysis of the National Diet and Nutrition Survey rolling programme (NDNS-RP) has shown lower intake of whole grain in the UK. It is important to understand whether the health benefits associated with whole grain intake are present at low levels of consumption. The present study aimed to investigate the association of whole grain intake with intakes of other foods, nutrients and markers of health (anthropometric and blood measures) in the NDNS-RP 2008–11, a representative dietary survey of UK households. A 4-d diet diary was completed by 3073 individuals. Anthropometric measures, blood pressure levels, and blood and urine samples were collected after diary completion. Individual whole grain intake was calculated with consumers categorised into tertiles of intake. Higher intake of whole grain was associated with significantly decreased leucocyte counts. Significantly higher concentrations of C-reactive protein were seen in adults in the lowest tertile of whole grain intake. No associations with the remaining health markers were seen, after adjustments for sex and age. Over 70 % of this population did not consume the minimum recommend intake associated with disease risk reduction, which may explain small variation across health markers. Nutrient intakes in consumers compared with non-consumers were closer to dietary reference values, such as higher intakes of fibre, Mg and Fe, and lower intakes of Na, suggesting that higher intake of whole grain is associated with improved diet quality.

37 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Food‐based recommendations to lower fat and energy intake for use in a family‐focussed weight management programme for 6–9 year old children are developed.
Abstract: OBJECTIVES To develop food-based recommendations to lower fat and energy intake for use in a family-focussed weight management programme for 6-9 year old children. METHODS Secondary analysis of the 1995 National Nutrition Survey (NNS95) informed the development of food-based recommendations aiming to reduce fat and energy intake. Each recommendation was used to progressively modify a model 3-day high fat dietary intake with the accumulative effect on energy and nutrient intake of each recommendation assessed. RESULTS Six to nine-year-olds in the NNS95 consuming 35-45% energy as fat (n= 280) consumed more total energy (mean +/- SD, 8671 +/- 2741 vs. 7571 +/- 2328 kJ/day) than children consuming a 'low fat' (23-27% energy as fat, n= 85) diet (P < 0.002). Food-based recommendations found to be most effective for reducing energy and fat intake included; changing to reduced fat milk, reducing intake of cereal-based and snack foods and replacing juice or soft drink with water. These changes, together with avoiding adding fat to vegetables and using sources of lean meat, reduced energy intake by approximately 10%, total fat intake by approximately 30% and saturated fat intake by 53%. CONCLUSIONS Modifying six areas of food choices results in a moderate reduction in fat and energy intake. An eating pattern that is consistent with Australian dietary guidelines and uses foods commonly eaten by children is achievable for children aged 6-9 years. These food-based recommendations provide an evidence-based dietary framework for prevention and management of overweight in children.

37 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Eating a varied diet, with foods chosen from all the food groups in the proportion recommended on the United States Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Food Pyramid virtually insures meeting micronutrient requirements.
Abstract: 1. Giuseppina DiMeglio, MD* 1. 2. *The University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester, NY 1. Nutritional Requirements During Adolescence . Story M. In: McAnarney E, Kreipe REK, Orr DP, Comerci GD, eds. Textbook of Adolescent Medicine . 1992 WB Saunders Co Philadelphia, Penn 2. http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/Dietary/drv.html 3. http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/Dietary/Chartls.gif 4. Food Intakes of United States Children and Adolescents Compared With Recommendations. Munoz KA, Krebs-Smith SM, Ballard-Barbash R, Cleveland LE. Pediatrics . 1997;100:323-329 [OpenUrl][1][Abstract/FREE Full Text][2] 5. Nutritional Supplements. Fact vs Fiction. Johnson WA, Landry GL. State of the Art Reviews: Adolescent Medicine . 1998;9:501-514 Adolescence is a time of remarkable growth. During this time, 20% of final adult height and 50% of adult weight are attained. Bone mass increases by 45%, and dramatic bone remodeling occurs. Soft tissues, organs, and even red blood cell mass increase in size. As a result, nutritional requirements peak in adolescence. Deficits in macronutrients or micronutrients can impair growth and delay sexual maturation. Requirements for the individual are impossible to estimate because of considerable variation in the rate and amount of growth. Population-based estimates include the reference daily intake (RDI), which estimates average requirements, and the recommended dietary allowance (RDA), which estimates the intake that meets the needs of most of the population. Eating a varied diet, with foods chosen from all the food groups in the proportion recommended on the United States Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Food Pyramid virtually insures meeting micronutrient requirements. Adolescents who meet these recommendations do not require nutritional supplements. Adolescents often have chaotic eating patterns that do not conform to dietary recommendations. Fewer than 2% of adolescents consume adequate amounts of all the food groups, and almost 20% of females and 7% of males do not consume an adequate number of portions of any of the food groups. The vast majority of adolescents eat too much fat and saturated fat and too few vegetables and fruits. Fried potato is the number one vegetable they eat. The USDA recommends that no more than 30% of a person’s calories come from fat and that cholesterol intake be limited to 300 mg/d. Growth parameters provide a good estimate of the … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DPediatrics%26rft.stitle%253DPediatrics%26rft.issn%253D0031-4005%26rft.aulast%253DMunoz%26rft.auinit1%253DK.%2BA.%26rft.volume%253D100%26rft.issue%253D3%26rft.spage%253D323%26rft.epage%253D329%26rft.atitle%253DFood%2BIntakes%2Bof%2BUS%2BChildren%2Band%2BAdolescents%2BCompared%2BWith%2BRecommendations%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1542%252Fpeds.100.3.323%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F9282700%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/ijlink?linkType=ABST&journalCode=pediatrics&resid=100/3/323&atom=%2Fpedsinreview%2F21%2F1%2F32.atom

37 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Water intake from foods and beverages and plain water intake in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES), 1999–2002 is examined to better understand the variation in reported water intake.
Abstract: Background: The Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate, provided extensive tables of data on total water intake, water intake from beverages and water intake from foods; however, very little information was provided about the specific details of these analyses. Reported total water intake varied with gender and somewhat with age and suggested that further sources of variation in total water intake were due to differences in body size, physical activity, and climatic exposure.Objective and Methods: In an attempt to better understand the variation in reported water intake, we examined water intake from foods and beverages and plain water intake in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES), 1999–2002.Results: Non-Hispanic black children (4 to 18 years) had less water from food and beverages (∼0.15 L/day) than non-Hispanic whites and Hispanics. Non-Hispanic black children had less (∼0.15 L/day) plain water than other ethnicities. Adult non-Hispanic w...

37 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that excessive dietary protein impairs growth but a low-protein diet does not impair nutritional responses and permits utilization of protein for growth if calories are sufficient.
Abstract: . In chronic uremia (CRF), malnutrition is an important determinant of morbidity in adults and impaired growth in children. Causes of malnutrition include anorexia and abnormal protein and amino acid metabolism. To determine how different levels of dietary protein and CRF interact to influence growth and nutritional status, CRF and sham-operated, pair-fed control rats were fed isocaloric diets containing 8, 17, or 30% protein for 21 d to mimic dietary regimens recommended for CRF patients: the minimum daily requirement; the recommended daily allowance; or an excess of dietary protein. Serum creatinine did not differ between groups of CRF rats but blood urea nitrogen was lowest in CRF rats fed 8% protein ( P P

37 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202319
202220
202135
202039
201929
201838