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Reference Daily Intake
About: Reference Daily Intake is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1564 publications have been published within this topic receiving 52794 citations.
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31 citations
TL;DR: Although the benefit of providing adequate amounts of calories, protein, and micronutrients for persons with HIV is well accepted, the exact amounts of nutrients and optimal feeding modalities are less clear.
Abstract: Background Nutrition complications of HIV infection, including wasting syndrome, nutrient deficiencies, and metabolic complications, have been well documented over the last 25 years. Methods A systematic review of the literature was performed using the keywords HIV; nutrition; nutrition support; vitamins A, B, C, and E; selenium; zinc; and glutamine through MEDLINE using Medscape and PubMed. Results Although no accurate prediction equations exist for determining energy needs in patients with HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), the Harris-Benedict equation with a 1.3 stress factor has been used for weight maintenance. Some experts recommend protein requirements of 1.0 to 1.4 g/kg for maintenance and 1.5 to 2.0 g/kg for anabolism. There is a general consensus that all individuals with HIV benefit from a daily multivitamin and mineral supplement at levels of 100% of the US recommended daily intake (RDI). Nutrition therapy for HIV wasting is similar to that for other chronic diseases and begins with nutrition counseling. For persistent weight loss, standard oral supplements may be useful. The benefit of specialized supplements has yet to be proven. Enteral and parenteral nutrition support has produced positive outcomes related to mortality and quality of life in patients with HIV. Conclusions Although the benefit of providing adequate amounts of calories, protein, and micronutrients for persons with HIV is well accepted, the exact amounts of nutrients and optimal feeding modalities are less clear. Long-term clinical trials are needed to provide more conclusive data on nutrition intervention in HIV infection, particularly related to supplementation of specific nutrients.
30 citations
TL;DR: Among the results, most notable are the inadequacy of diets in men with respect to intake of vitamins and minerals, likely owing to low intake of vegetables and fruits; and excess contributions of fat intake to total energy in both sexes.
Abstract: Medical nutrition therapy for the management of diabetes plays an important role in preventing diabetes complications and managing metabolic control. However, little is known about actual eating habits of individuals with type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM), especially in Japan. Therefore, we sought to (1) assess the dietary intake of individuals with T2DM, and (2) characterize their intake relative to national recommendations. This cross-sectional study involved 149 patients (77 males and 72 females) aged 40-79 years with T2DM recruited at a Kyoto hospital. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated self-administered diet history questionnaire. Under-consumption, adequacy, and over-consumption, of nutrients were compared to the age- and sex-based standards of the Japanese Dietary Reference Intakes. Among the results, most notable are (1) the inadequacy of diets in men with respect to intake of vitamins and minerals, likely owing to low intake of vegetables and fruits; (2) excess contributions of fat intake to total energy in both sexes; and (3) excess consumption of sweets and beverages relative to the national average. The prevalence of diabetes complications may be increasing because of a major gap between the typical dietary intake of individuals with T2DM and dietary recommendation.
30 citations
Book•
01 Jan 2003
TL;DR: This book provides clear understanding of what ever vitamin, mineral and new supplement can actually do and offers a scientifically documented Optimum Daily Intake to follow (similar to Recommended Daily Allowances).
Abstract: Now updated and revised, this book provides clear understanding of what ever vitamin, mineral and new supplement can actually do. It helps you design your own personalised nutrient programme and offers a scientifically documented Optimum Daily Intake to follow (similar to Recommended Daily Allowances).
30 citations
TL;DR: Significant improvements were observed in participant's food selection and preparation, food intake, and food safety behavior scores; number of servings consumed from the Food Guide Pyramid; and health measures after completing the “Healthy Living” program.
Abstract: The Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service developed and implemented an eight-session food and nutrition promotion program entitled “Healthy Living.” The program was designed to provide Oklahomans over fifty-five years of age with the knowledge and skills to apply the Food Guide Pyramid, Dietary Guidelines for Americans, and Nutrition Facts Label to food selection, food preparation, and food safety practices. Significant improvements were observed in participant's food selection and preparation, food intake, and food safety behavior scores; number of servings consumed from the Food Guide Pyramid; and health measures after completing the “Healthy Living” program. These observations represent improvements in dietary behaviors, nutritional status and decreased disease risk.
30 citations