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Showing papers on "Reflector (antenna) published in 2016"


Patent
01 Dec 2016
TL;DR: In this article, the first wireless signal is received via a feed point on an antenna body, wherein the antenna body includes a dielectric core having a reflective surface configured as a dish reflector.
Abstract: In accordance with one or more embodiments, a method includes receiving a first wireless signal via a feed point on an antenna body, wherein the antenna body includes a dielectric core having a reflective surface configured as a dish reflector; reflecting the first wireless signal via the reflective surface to an aperture of the antenna body; and radiating the first wireless signal from the aperture.

243 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, two reflective FSS screens resonating at 5.5 GHz were placed at an angle of 90° and kept at a specific distance from the antenna to enhance the performance of a dual-band wire monopole antenna operating at 3 and 5 GHz by using a frequency selective surface (FSS)-based corner reflector.
Abstract: In this paper, we enhance the performance of a dual-band wire monopole antenna operating at 3 and 5.5 GHz by using a frequency-selective surface (FSS)-based corner reflector. In the proposed design, two reflective FSS screens resonating at 5.5 GHz are placed at an angle of 90° and kept at a specific distance from the antenna. The reflector improves the impedance bandwidth (−10 dB) of the antenna from 20% to 44%, as well as its gain, thereby leading to more directive radiation at 5.5 GHz while maintaining omnidirectional radiation at around 3 GHz. A theoretical study is carried out and presented to estimate the enhancement in the electric field of the composite structure in the desired frequency band compared with the absence of a corner reflector in far field. A significant improvement of 8–10 dBi in antenna gain is achieved over 4.5–6.5 GHz; this is maintained at around 12.5 dBi, with a variation of ±1.5 dBi. Experimental measurements are provided in each case. The proposed design can be used as an omnidirectional radiator at around 3 GHz and as a high-gain directional radiator in the 4.5–6.5-GHz band.

59 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Li Pei1, Cheng Liu1, Qiang Tian1, Haiyan Hu1, Yanping Song 
TL;DR: In this paper, an effective form-finding methodology that combines the iterative FDM and the minimum norm method (MNM) is proposed to consider the flexibility of the reflector ring truss.
Abstract: Mesh reflectors with large apertures have been used in many communication satellites. The performance of antenna reflectors crucially depends on the faceting error of the reflective surface, which is approximated by using meshes. The force density method (FDM) has been widely used for the form-finding analysis of mesh reflectors. However, after performing form-finding of some meshes, the effective reflective area will decrease. In addition, the form-finding of the auxiliary mesh has received little attention, and it cannot be achieved by using the FDM. Thus, in this study, an effective form-finding methodology that combines the iterative FDM and the minimum norm method (MNM) is proposed. To consider the flexibility of the reflector ring truss, a static analysis of the ring truss under the tension force actions is also performed in the form-finding processes. The reflector flexible parts are described by the absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF). Finally, the form-finding analysis of the reflector with the standard configuration, the central hub configuration, and the circular configuration is performed to validate the proposed methodology. The influence of the mesh tension force on the reflector natural frequencies is also studied. After performing the form-finding analysis, the initial configuration of the reflector with tensioned meshes for the deployment dynamics study can be determined. Based on this paper, the deployment dynamics of a complex AstroMesh reflector will be studied in a successive paper “Dynamics of a Deployable Mesh Reflector of Satellite Antenna: Parallel Computation and Deployment Simulation.”

53 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a single-transceiver compressive reflector antenna (CRA) was proposed for high-sensing capacity imaging, which generates a spatial code in the imaging region, which is dynamically changed by using a mechanical rotation of the reflector.
Abstract: This letter presents the simulated design and signal processing algorithms of a novel single-transceiver compressive reflector antenna for high-sensing-capacity imaging. The compressive reflector antenna (CRA) generates a spatial code in the imaging region, which is dynamically changed by using a mechanical rotation of the reflector. The scattered data measured by the single transceiver is processed using compressive sensing techniques in order to perform a 3-D reconstruction of the object under test. Preliminary results show that the CRA outperforms traditional reflector antennas in terms of sensing capacity and reconstruction accuracy.

52 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a Yagi-Uda antenna with a stepped-width reflector is presented, which is shorter than the driven element as a result of the stepped width structure.
Abstract: A Yagi-Uda antenna with a stepped-width reflector is presented. Totally different than the traditional ones, the proposed reflector is shorter than the driven element as a result of the stepped-width structure. To further understand its working mechanics, an equivalent circuit to a dipole with a parasitic element is employed to explain the shortened length of the stepped-width reflector. Then, the proposed stepped-width reflector, shorter than the driven element, was applied to design, fabrication, and measurement of a Yagi-Uda antenna. Measured results show a good agreement with the simulated ones. In particular, the total length of the reflector employed in the Yagi-Uda antenna is 50 mm, and that of the driven element is 53 mm, which verifies the shorter length of the reflector and benefits achieving a smaller size.

51 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a pilot scale solar linear Fresnel reflector of 154m2 is designed and optically analyzed with two different profiles for the secondary concentrator, and the combined optical performance of the LFR system with the parabolic secondary reflector is compared with that of the involute secondary reflectors.

48 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a triple band hybrid multi-input-multi-output MIMO cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna with high isolation is examined, which includes two symmetric folded microstrip line feeding structures along with CDRA at two different ends of substrate.
Abstract: In this communication, triple band hybrid multi-input-multi-output MIMO cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna CDRA with high isolation is examined. The proposed MIMO antenna includes two symmetric folded microstrip line feeding structures along with CDRA at two different ends of substrate. Two inverted L-shaped strips on the ground plane are used to enhance the isolation S12<-15 dB as well as to generates 2.7 GHz frequency band. Metallic strip on the ground plane act as an electromagnetic reflector and also enhance the isolation between two antennas S12<-20 dB. Archetype of proposed MIMO antenna design has been fabricated and tested to validate the simulated results. The proposed antenna operates at three different frequency bands 2.24-2.38 GHz, 2.5-3.26 GHz, and 4.88-7.0 GHz S11<-6 dB with the fractional bandwidth 6.06%, 26.4%, and 35.7%, respectively. Folded microstrip lines generate λ4 path delay between the electric field lines and originate circular polarization characteristics in the frequency range 5.55-5.75 GHz with the fractional bandwidth of 3.55%. In order to satisfy the different performance requirement of MIMO antenna such as envelop correlation coefficient, mean effective gain, effective diversity gain, peak gain are also examined. The proposed antenna is found suitable for LTE2500, WLAN, and WiMAX applications. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2016.

48 citations



Patent
21 Jan 2016
TL;DR: In this article, the authors described the methods and configurations for an efficient collection of fluorescence emitted by the nitrogen vacancies of a diamond of a DNV sensor, including a diamond having a nitrogen vacancy and a reflector positioned about the diamond to reflect a portion of light emitted from the diamond.
Abstract: Methods and configurations are disclosed for an efficient collection of fluorescence emitted by the nitrogen vacancies of a diamond of a DNV sensor. Some implementations may include a diamond having a nitrogen vacancy and a reflector positioned about the diamond to reflect a portion of light emitted from the diamond. In some implementations the reflector may be parabolic or ellipsoidal. In some implementations, DNV sensor may have a reflector and a concentrator. Other implementations may include a diamond with a nitrogen vacancy and a reflector positioned about the diamond to reflect a portion of light emitted from the diamond using a dielectric mirror film applied to the reflector. Still other implementations may have a diamond with a nitrogen vacancy and a dielectric mirror film coated on the diamond.

44 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a high concentrating photovoltaic module based on cassegrain optics is presented; consisting of a primary parabolic reflector, secondary inverse reflector and a third stage homogeniser.

41 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a metal-only reflectarray antenna with a 30mm square aperture was designed and tested using near-field measurement setup, and the measured results showed an aperture efficiency of 50.1% at 100 GHz.
Abstract: A 100-GHz metal-only reflectarray antenna is designed, fabricated, and tested. The required phase shift is achieved by simply tuning the metal block height, aiming to eliminate dielectric losses at high frequencies. An equivalent circuit model is employed to analyze the element reflection performance. A prototype reflectarray with a 30-mm square aperture is then fabricated and tested using near-field measurement setup. The measured results show an aperture efficiency of 50.1% at 100 GHz, and the measured radiation patterns agree very well with the full-wave simulation results. To compare the radiation performances, a parabolic reflector, a Fresnel zone plate reflector, and an unwrapped reflectarray of same size are also evaluated. The full-wave simulation results demonstrate that the proposed design not only achieves good radiation performance, but also exhibits advantages such as low profile, easy fabrication, and low cost.

Patent
04 Feb 2016
TL;DR: In this paper, an optical device with a layer structure consisting of a thermally conducting, optical reflector (15), an optical spacer (14), and a phase change material (10), arranged above the reflector and having at least two reversibly switchable states, in which the PCM exhibits two different values of refractive index.
Abstract: The present invention is notably directed to an optical device (1) comprising a layer structure (2) with: a thermally conducting, optical reflector (15); a thermally conducting spacer (14), which is transmissive to light and arranged above the reflector (15); and a phase change material (10), or PCM, arranged above the spacer (14) and having at least two reversibly switchable states, in which the PCM exhibits two different values of refractive index. The reflector (15), the spacer (14) and the PCM (10) are successively stacked along a stacking direction (z) of the layer structure. The optical device further comprises: a heating element (17), opposite to the PCM (10) with respect to the reflector (15), the layer structure (2) being configured so as to electrically insulate the PCM (10) from the heating element (17), while the heating element (17) is in thermal communication with the PCM (10) via the reflector (15) and the spacer (14); and a controller (19, 19a) configured to energize the heating element (17), so as to heat the PCM (10) and thereby reversibly change a refractive index of said PCM (10). The invention is further directed to related optical devices (notably devices comprising one or more pixels formed, each, by a set of layer structures such as described above) and actuation methods.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This work proposes a novel concept of nonlinear Yagi-Uda nanoantenna to direct second harmonic radiation from a metallic nanosphere to pave a new way towards nonlinear signal detection and sensing.
Abstract: Nanoantennas have demonstrated unprecedented capabilities for manipulating the intensity and direction of light emission over a broad frequency range. The directional beam steering offered by nanoantennas has important applications in areas including microscopy, spectroscopy, quantum computing, and on-chip optical communication. Although both the physical principles and experimental realizations of directional linear nanoantennas has become increasingly mature, angular control of nonlinear radiation using nanoantennas has not been explored yet. Here we propose a novel concept of nonlinear Yagi-Uda nanoantenna to direct second harmonic radiation from a metallic nanosphere. By carefully tuning the spacing and dimensions of two lossless dielectric elements, which function respectively as a compact director and reflector, the second harmonic radiation is deflected 90 degrees with reference to the incident light (pump) direction. This abnormal light-bending phenomenon is due to the constructive and destructive interference between the second harmonic radiation governed by a special selection rule and the induced electric dipolar and magnetic quadrupolar radiation from the two dielectric antenna elements. Simultaneous spectral and spatial isolation of scattered second harmonic waves from incident fundamental waves pave a new way towards nonlinear signal detection and sensing.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new magneto-electric (ME) dipole antenna with a dynamic beamwidth control in the H-plane is presented, demonstrating theH-plane beamwidth with a tuning range from 81° to 153° and Radiation efficiencies are better than 90% in all the states of operation.
Abstract: A new magneto-electric (ME) dipole antenna with a dynamic beamwidth control in the $H$ -plane is presented. The design methodology uses tunable strip gratings placed on the sides of an ME dipole along its H-plane. Each strip is equally divided into 16 short parts and connected in series by using 15 PIN diodes; accordingly, by controlling the on/off-state of the PIN diodes, the strips can operate as a grating reflector or be transparent for the radiating wave. Therefore, the size of the reflector can be reconfigured, which leads to the tunable beamwidth. A fully functional prototype with an as wide as 40% impedance bandwidth (for SWR ≤ 1.5) is developed and tested, demonstrating the $H$ -plane beamwidth with a tuning range from 81° to 153°. Radiation efficiencies are better than 90% in all the states of operation.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the design of a linear Fresnel reflector concentrator with flat mirrors and a single absorber tube has been studied, where both the frontal and lateral view of the structure are taken into account.

Patent
12 Jan 2016
TL;DR: In this article, a head mounted display is provided, which is worn conveniently and has a low fabrication cost with a simple structure, and reduces fatigue of eyes as assuring a visual field.
Abstract: PURPOSE: A head mounted display is provided, which is worn conveniently and has a low fabrication cost with a simple structure, and reduces fatigue of eyes as assuring a visual field CONSTITUTION: According to the head mounted display, an optical signal output part(10) is connected to a video device and converts a video signal from the video device into an optical signal and then outputs it And a lens part(20) has a plurality of film layers which are arranged on an optical signal output path of the optical signal output part and are stacked each other, and a reflector(23) which is intervened in each film layer and has a fixed reflection angle for the optical signal to converge to eyes of a user The reflection angle of the reflector becomes smaller as going to a film layer arranged outermost from the film layer adjacent to the eyes The optical signal output part is a LCOS(Liquid Crystal On Silicon) or a GLV(Grating Light Valve)

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed an in-plane feed antenna (IPFA) based on phase gradient metasurface (PGM), which can couple normally incident waves efficiently into surface waves along the surface.
Abstract: We propose the design of in-plane feed antennas (IPFA) based on phase gradient metasurface (PGM). The in-plane feed is realized using PGM with large in-plane phase gradient, which can couple normally incident waves efficiently into surface waves along the surface. This is different from conventional reflector antennas and reflectarray antennas, where the focus lies above the reflector. As an example, an IPFA is demonstrated, which is composed of a superthin PGM and a waveguide feeding structure. Due to the large phase gradient of the PGM toward the feeding waveguide, incident waves can be coupled as surface waves into the waveguide; whereas transmitted waves can be radiated out along the normal of the PGM. Both the simulated and experimental results verify the high gain and high efficiency of the IPFA with in a broad band in 3.0–3.2 GHz.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a hybrid graphene-metal beam-reconfigurable terahertz (THz) loop antenna is proposed to combine dynamic surface conductivity tunability using different DC bias voltages and high radiation efficiency enabled by metal.
Abstract: The concept and analysis of a graphene-metal beam-reconfigurable terahertz (THz) loop antenna are presented. The hybrid graphene-metal implementation is proposed to combine (i) dynamic surface conductivity tunability using different DC bias voltages and (ii) high radiation efficiency enabled by metal. The loop antenna which employs an artificial mu-negative transmission line provides the horizontally polarised omnidirectional radiation. The graphene-metal loop around the centre ring acts as a reflector. Changing the DC bias of different position of graphene to control the position of resonance can effectively adjust the beam direction. The proposed concept and achieved performance, computed using realistic material parameters, are extremely promising for beam scanning at THz frequencies.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a polarisation-independent switchable absorber/reflector based on active frequency selective surface (AFSS) has been reported, which consists of diagonally connected circular loops on which semiconductor switches (PIN diodes) have been mounted.
Abstract: A polarisation-independent switchable absorber/reflector based on active frequency selective surface (AFSS) has been reported. The FSS design consists of diagonally connected circular loops on which semiconductor switches (PIN diodes) have been mounted. By controlling the bias voltage of the PIN diodes, the structure shows perfect reflection in ON state while exhibits single band absorption during OFF state. The proposed design is four-fold symmetric, thereby realising polarisation-insensitive behaviour, unlike the earlier reported AFSS designs. Furthermore, a prototype of the proposed structure has been fabricated where the PIN diodes have been biased through a novel biasing technique. The measured result also shows good agreement with simulated response under normal incidence.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This work finely tune the resonant wavelength of a freestanding Si3N4 PCR membrane with iterative hydrofluoric acid etches, achieving a 57 nm thin crystal with a resonant wavelengths 0.15 nm away from its target.
Abstract: Photonic crystal reflector (PCR) membranes exhibit a resonantly enhanced normal-incidence reflectivity. Many applications require this resonance to occur at a specific wavelength, however, imposing geometrical tolerances that are not reliably achieved with standard nanolithography. Here we finely tune the resonant wavelength of a freestanding Si3N4 PCR membrane with iterative hydrofluoric acid etches, achieving a 57 nm thin crystal with a resonant wavelength 0.15 nm (0.04 linewidths) away from our target (1550 nm). This thin crystal exhibits a broader, shallower transmission dip than its simulated response to plane waves, and we identify two causes related to beam collimation. Finally, we present a series of simulations and general design considerations for realizing robust, high-reflectivity resonances.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a stacked shorted annular patch (SSAP) was used as a replacement for horn feeds and achieved higher radiation and spillover efficiencies than conventional patch antennas due to the absence of distribution networks and dielectric substrates.
Abstract: Reflector-based satellite communication (SatCom) terminals require high sensitivity to minimize overall antenna size, and in view of their simplicity and high radiation efficiency, horn antennas are used almost exclusively as reflector feeds. As these terminals become more complex, smaller and more compact feeds that can be directly integrated with microstrip circuits are desirable. Standard microstrip antennas (MSAs) have unacceptably low radiation efficiency for use as reflector feeds. We show that the stacked shorted annular patch (SSAP) can be used as a replacement for horn feeds and achieves higher radiation and spillover efficiencies than conventional patch antennas due to the absence of distribution networks and dielectric substrates. Using a half-wavelength stacked patch as a director realizes a pattern that achieves high illumination efficiency with standard parabolic reflector geometries. Simulation and measurements show that the compact SSAP may be the first reported nonwaveguide feed antenna to achieve sensitivity comparable to that of a conventional horn feed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a set of comprehensive structural optimization design procedures is presented for EFMRA, which consists of four steps: Firstly, a synthesized form-finding method is introduced for the AstroMesh structure, and a technique is proposed to optimize the initial reflective membrane geometry.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a low-cost, fully-integrated package solution for 300 GHz short-range communication systems was developed for low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) technology using an integrated reflector for the on-chip antenna and high-data-rate signal interconnections including a flip-chip and via transition.
Abstract: A compact, low-cost, fully-integrated package solution has been developed for 300 GHz short-range communication systems. Using low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) technology, an integrated reflector for the on-chip antenna and high-data-rate signal interconnections including a flip-chip and via transition are embedded in a package. A reduced-size silicon lens antenna is placed in a package cavity together with a flip-chip bonded receiver IC with an on-chip antenna. The overall size of the front-end receiver is only $10 \times 10 \times 4\ {\rm mm}^{3}$ , including the 6 mm diameter silicon lens. This compact terahertz receiver, mounted on an evaluation board, demonstrated wireless links with data rates up to 27Gb/s.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Oct 2016
TL;DR: In this article, the development of a space antenna transformable reflector 100 m in diameter is described, where the main construction materials to use in the reflector are derived based on the thermal state analysis.
Abstract: This paper focuses on the development of a space antenna transformable reflector 100 m in diameter Accuracy requirements to the materials characterization are based on the thermal state analysis The paper contains methods and results of thermal physical and optical characterization of the main construction materials to use in the transformable reflector

Patent
31 Mar 2016
TL;DR: In this article, an optical sensor for imaging an input object such as a fingerprint on a sensing region of a display is disclosed, which includes a transparent substrate having a first side and a second side opposite the first side.
Abstract: An optical sensor for imaging an input object, such as a fingerprint, on a sensing region of a display is disclosed. The sensor includes a transparent substrate having a first side and a second side opposite the first side. An array of detector elements is positioned above the first side of the transparent substrate and an angle limiting reflector is positioned below the second side of the transparent substrate. The angle limiting reflector is configured to reflect light incident on the angle limiting reflector within a limited acceptance angle towards the array detector elements.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new design for external cavity hybrid lasers consisting of a III-V semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) with fiber reflector and a photonic crystal (PhC)-based resonant reflector on SOI is reported.
Abstract: We report the experimental demonstration of a new design for external cavity hybrid lasers consisting of a III-V semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) with fiber reflector and a photonic crystal (PhC)-based resonant reflector on SOI. The silicon reflector is composed of an SU8 polymer bus waveguide vertically coupled to a PhC cavity and provides a wavelength-selective optical feedback to the laser cavity. This device exhibits milliwatt-level output power and side-mode suppression ratios of more than 25 dB.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a prototype for a space-borne smart reconfigurable reflector, whose reflector surface can be changed intentionally using surface adjustment actuators, has been developed, and its performance was evaluated through experiments.
Abstract: A prototype for a space-borne smart reconfigurable reflector, whose reflector surface can be changed intentionally using surface adjustment actuators, has been developed, and its performance was evaluated through experiments. The smart reconfigurable reflector was designed as a sub-reflector of a space antenna for observations in the extremely highfrequency band (frequency range: 30 -300 GHz) and is used for correcting the path length errors in the antenna system caused by surface deformations of the main reflector. It consists of a solid surface, supporting members, and surface adjustment actuators. The surface adjustment actuators are a key part of the smart reconfigurable reflector, and each consists of a piezoelectric stack actuator and a displacement magnifying mechanism. Functional tests were performed in order to investigate the performance of the actuator. The results indicate that the actuator has a stroke of more than 0.9 mm with an accuracy of 0.01 mm and a force of more than 90 N. The control ...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a two-dimensional finite-element model was developed to simulate the optoelec- tronic performance of thin-film, p-i-n junction solar cells, where semiconductor layers were made from mixtures of two different alloys of hydrogenated amorphous silicon; empirical relation ships between the complex-valued relative optical permittivity and the bandgap were used.
Abstract: A two-dimensional finite-element model was developed to simulate the optoelec- tronic performance of thin-film, p-i-n junction solar cells. One or three p-i-n junctions filled the region between the front window and back reflector; semiconductor layers were made from mixtures of two different alloys of hydrogenated amorphous silicon; empirical relation- ships between the complex-valued relative optical permittivity and the bandgap were used; a transparent-conducting-oxide layer was attached to the front surface of the solar cell; and a metallic reflector, either flat or periodically corrugated, was attached to the back surface. First, frequency-domain Maxwell postulates were solved to determine the spatial absorption of photons and thus the generation of electron-hole pairs. The AM1.5G solar spec- trum was taken to represent the incident solar flux. Second, drift-diffusion equations were solved for the steady-state electron and hole densities. Numerical results indicate that increasing the number of p-i-n junctions from one to three may increase the solar-cell efficiency by up to 14%. In the case of single p-i-n junction solar cells, our simulations indicate that efficiency may be increased by up to 17% by incorporating a periodically corrugated back reflector (as opposed to a flat back reflector) and by tailoring the bandgap profile in the i layer. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original pub- lication, including its DOI. (DOI: 10.1117/1.JPE.6.025502)

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the design, fabrication, and characterization of a hybrid metal-semiconductor distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) for optically pumped vertical external cavity surface emitting laser are reported.
Abstract: The design, fabrication, and characterization of a hybrid metal–semiconductor distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) for optically pumped vertical external cavity surface emitting laser are reported. The realization of a pure gold reflector attached to an AlGaAs/AlAs DBR is achieved through the realization of a lithography pattern alternating gold and titanium areas for better surface adhesion. This reduces from 28 to 14, and the number of DBR pairs is needed to achieve a reflectivity above 99.9%. Experimental results are supported by simulations and show an output power beyond 4 W with an optical efficiency of 19% and very low thermal impedance, validating the excellent reflectivity and bonding quality of the device.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a system for collecting solar energy at intermediate temperatures was developed and built in this research project, which consists of a stationary, 120° included angle, 2.8m diameter stationary spherical reflector with a tubular, tracking absorber which moves automatically into the focus following the sun's movement.