Topic
Refractive index profile
About: Refractive index profile is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3460 publications have been published within this topic receiving 40647 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, the negative refractive index of metal dielectric composites was found to be negative in the optical range, and it was shown that arrays of single and paired nanorods can provide such negative refraction.
Abstract: Specially designed metal-dielectric composites can have a negative refractive index in the optical range. Specifically, it is shown that arrays of single and paired nanorods can provide such negative refraction. For pairs of metal rods, a negative refractive index has been observed at 1.5 µm. The inverted structure of paired voids in metal films can also exhibit a negative refractive index. A similar effect can be accomplished with metal strips in which the refractive index can reach −2. The refractive index retrieval procedure and the critical role of light phases in determining the refractive index are discussed.
160 citations
Patent•
03 Jul 2009
TL;DR: In this article, a bend insensitive single mode fiber is proposed, which is composed by a bare glass fiber with a round cross section and two resin protective layers with circular cross sections surrounding the outer of the fiber.
Abstract: This invention discloses a bend insensitive single mode fiber, which is composed by a bare glass fiber with a round cross section and two resin protective layers with circular cross sections surrounding the outer of the bare glass fiber. It is characterized in that the bare glass fiber is composed by a core layer with a round cross section and two claddings with circular cross sections. The refractive index of the core layer is higher than the index of the two claddings and the refractive index difference between the core layer and the first cladding is larger than the difference between the first and second claddings. The second cladding is made of pure SiO2. The refractive index profile of the core layer follows a power function, and the refractive index profile of the two claddings follow a ladder-type distribution. The loss of the invented fiber is insensitive to the bending of the fiber, which meets the requirements of ITU.T G.657.A and G.657.B standards, respectively. It is applicable to the Fiber To The Home (FTTH) and other local area network and the access network systems.
157 citations
Patent•
14 Dec 2010
TL;DR: In this article, an auto-cladded optical fiber is described, where a beam of light propagating in the fiber may be guided by the self-cladding structure at least in part.
Abstract: Embodiments of auto-cladded optical fibers are described. The fibers may have a refractive index profile having a small relative refractive index change. For example, the fiber may include an auto-cladded structure having, e.g., a trough or gradient in the refractive index profile. A beam of light propagating in the fiber may be guided, at least in part, with the auto-cladded structure. In some embodiments, the optical fiber may be all glass. In some embodiments, the optical fiber may include a large-core or an ultra large-core.
156 citations
TL;DR: This procedure was used to fabricate an efficient 3D, photonic device known as a "pupil-remapper" with negligible bend losses for the first time, and will also allow for complex chips, based on 10's - 100's of waveguides to be realized in a compact foot print with short fabrication times.
Abstract: We present a novel method to fabricate low bend loss femtosecond-laser written waveguides that exploits the differential thermal stabilities of laser induced refractive index modifications. The technique consists of a two-step process; the first involves fabricating large multimode waveguides, while the second step consists of a thermal post-annealing process, which erases the outer ring of the refractive index profile, enabling single mode operation in the C-band. By using this procedure we report waveguides with sharp bends (down to 16.6 mm radius) and high (80%) normalized throughputs. This procedure was used to fabricate an efficient 3D, photonic device known as a “pupil-remapper” with negligible bend losses for the first time. The process will also allow for complex chips, based on 10's - 100's of waveguides to be realized in a compact foot print with short fabrication times.
154 citations
01 Oct 1994
TL;DR: In this paper, a finite difference calculation of the full-vectorial modes of optical waveguides is presented, and the leakage phenomenon of the higher modes of a rib waveguide is predicted by this method.
Abstract: Finite difference calculations of full-vectorial modes of optical waveguides are presented. This method has overcome the limitations of the semivectorial approximation and is able to calculate full-vectorial modes of arbitrary order for a given structure with an arbitrary refractive index profile. Numerical results show that the method is accurate. In addition, the leakage phenomenon of the higher modes of a rib waveguide is predicted by this method.
153 citations