Topic
Regulation of gene expression
About: Regulation of gene expression is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 85456 publications have been published within this topic receiving 5832845 citations. The topic is also known as: GO:0010468 & gene expression regulation.
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TL;DR: A dual-promoter approach is developed, for expressing highly toxic products and generating conditional gene knock-outs, using back-to-back constitutive T7 and tetracycline-responsive PARP promoters to drive expression of the selectable marker and test gene, respectively.
1,351 citations
TL;DR: The transition from the juvenile to the adult phase of shoot development in plants is accompanied by changes in vegetative morphology and an increase in reproductive potential, and the regulatory mechanism is described, which is mediated by sequentially operating miRNAs.
1,344 citations
TL;DR: A loss-of-function model unravels the active function of MALAT1 as a regulator of gene expression governing hallmarks of lung cancer metastasis with this ncRNA serving as both predictive marker and therapeutic target.
Abstract: The long non-coding RNA MALAT1, also known as MALAT-1 or NEAT2, is a highly conserved nuclear ncRNA and a predictive marker for metastasis development in lung cancer. To uncover its functional importance, we developed a MALAT1 knockout model in human lung tumor cells by genomically integrating RNA destabilizing elements using Zinc Finger Nucleases. The achieved 1000-fold MALAT1 silencing provides a unique loss-of-function model. Proposed mechanisms of action include regulation of splicing or gene expression. In lung cancer, MALAT1 does not alter alternative splicing but actively regulates gene expression including a set of metastasis-associated genes. Consequently, MALAT1-deficient cells are impaired in migration and form fewer tumor nodules in a mouse xenograft. Antisense oligonucleotides blocking MALAT1 prevent metastasis formation after tumor implantation. Thus, targeting MALAT1 with antisense oligonucleotides provides a potential therapeutic approach to prevent lung cancer metastasis with MALAT1 serving as both, predictive marker and therapeutic target. Lastly, regulating gene expression, but not alternative splicing is the critical function of MALAT1 in lung cancer metastasis. In summary, ten years after the discovery of the lncRNA MALAT1 as a biomarker for lung cancer metastasis, our loss-of-function model unravels the active function of MALAT1 as a regulator of gene expression governing hallmarks of lung cancer metastasis.
1,342 citations
TL;DR: All estrogen receptor and RNA polymerase II binding sites are mapped on a genome-wide scale, identifying the authentic cis binding sites and target genes, in breast cancer cells, and distinct temporal mechanisms of estrogen-mediated gene regulation are demonstrated.
Abstract: The estrogen receptor is the master transcriptional regulator of breast cancer phenotype and the archetype of a molecular therapeutic target. We mapped all estrogen receptor and RNA polymerase II binding sites on a genome-wide scale, identifying the authentic cis binding sites and target genes, in breast cancer cells. Combining this unique resource with gene expression data demonstrates distinct temporal mechanisms of estrogen-mediated gene regulation, particularly in the case of estrogen-suppressed genes. Furthermore, this resource has allowed the identification of cis-regulatory sites in previously unexplored regions of the genome and the cooperating transcription factors underlying estrogen signaling in breast cancer.
1,340 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that recombinant TRV infects tomato plants and induces efficient gene silencing, and a modified TRV vector based on the GATEWAY recombination system is constructed, allowing restriction- and ligation-free cloning of tomato ESTs.
Abstract: We have previously demonstrated that a tobacco rattle virus (TRV)-based vector can be used in virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) to study gene function in Nicotiana benthamiana. Here we show that recombinant TRV infects tomato plants and induces efficient gene silencing. Using this system, we suppressed the PDS, CTR1 and CTR2 genes in tomato. Suppression of CTR1 led to a constitutive ethylene response phenotype and up-regulation of an ethylene response gene, CHITINASE B. This phenotype is similar to Arabidopsis ctr1 mutant plants. We have constructed a modified TRV vector based on the GATEWAY recombination system, allowing restriction- and ligation-free cloning. Our results show that tomato expressed sequence tags (ESTs) can easily be cloned into this modified vector using a single set of primers. Using this vector, we have silenced RbcS and an endogenous gene homologous to the tomato EST cLED3L14. In the future, this modified vector system will facilitate large-scale functional analysis of tomato ESTs.
1,338 citations