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Reliability (statistics)

About: Reliability (statistics) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 78671 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1034804 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In a recent article as mentioned in this paper, Lombard, Snyder-Duch, and Bracken surveyed 200 content analyses for their reporting of reliability tests, compared the virtues and drawbacks of five popular reliability measures, and proposed guidelines and standards for their use.
Abstract: In a recent article in this journal, Lombard, Snyder-Duch, and Bracken (2002) surveyed 200 content analyses for their reporting of reliability tests, compared the virtues and drawbacks of five popular reliability measures, and proposed guidelines and standards for their use. Their discussion revealed that numerous misconceptions circulate in the content analysis literature regarding how these measures behave and can aid or deceive content analysts in their effort to ensure the reliability of their data. This article proposes three conditions for statistical measures to serve as indices of the reliability of data and examines the mathematical structure and the behavior of the five coefficients discussed by the authors, as well as two others. It compares common beliefs about these coefficients with what they actually do and concludes with alternative recommendations for testing reliability in content analysis and similar data-making efforts.

2,101 citations

Book
01 Jan 1980
TL;DR: This chapter concludes with a "Summary," "Key Concepts," "Exercises," "Notes," and "References" of the Research Report.
Abstract: Each chapter concludes with a "Summary," "Key Concepts," "Exercises," "Notes," and "References." Preface. Acknowledgments. 1.Educational Research: Its Nature and Characteristics. Introduction. The Nature of Educational Research. Classification of Educational Research. The Role of Theory. The Activities of the Research Process. 2.Identification of a Research Problem. Selection of a Research Problem. Statement of the Research Problem. 3.The Review of the Literature. The Activities of the Review of the Literature. Sources of Information. Computer Searches. Selecting Studies for the Review of the Literature. Assembling and Summarizing Information. Interpreting and Using Information. 4.Research Design in Quantitative Research. The Purposes of Research Design. The Concept of Controlling Variance. Characteristics of Good Research Design. 5.Experimental Research. The Meaning of Experimental Design. Criteria for a Well-Designed Experiment. Posttest-Only Control Group Design. Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Solomon Four-Group Design. Factorial Designs. Repeated Measures Designs. Designs Extended in Time. Interpreting Results of Experiments. Randomness and Representativeness. 6.Quasi-Experimental Research. The Problems of Validity. Posttest-Only, Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Pretest-Posttest, Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Time Series Designs. Single-Subject Designs. Action Research and Quasi-Experimental Research. 7.Survey Research. Survey Research: Its Scope and Description. Survey Designs. The Methodology of Survey Research. Questionnaire Surveys. Interview Surveys. Other Surveys. Analyzing and Reporting Survey Results. 8.Research Design in Qualitative Research. The Epistemology of Qualitative Research. Components of Research Design. Types of Designs in Qualitative Research. Perspectives for Qualitative Research. Reliability and Validity of Qualitative Research. Use of Computers in Qualitative Research. 9.Historical Research. The Value of Historical Research. Sources of Information in Historical Research. The Methodology of Historical Research. Quantitative Methods in Historical Research. Comments on the Reporting of Historical Research. 10.Ethnographic Research. The Nature of Ethnography in Education. A Conceptual Schema for Ethnographic Research. The Process of Ethnographic Research. Examples of Ethnographic Research in Education. The Reliability and Validity of Ethnographic Research. The Role of Ethnographic Research. 11.Sampling Designs. The Concept of a Random Sample. Criteria for a Sampling Design. Stratified Random Sampling. Cluster Sampling. Systematic Sampling. Considerations in Determining Sample Size - Random Sampling. Purposeful Sampling. 12.Measurement and Data Collection. Concepts of Measurement. The Variables Measured in Educational Research. Tests and Inventories Used for Measurement. Measures Involving Holistic Scoring. Where to Find Test Information. Scoring and Data Preparation. 13.Data Analysis: Descriptive Statistics. The Multiple Meanings of Statistics. Distributions. Correlation - A Measure of Relationship. Data Analysis by Computer. 14.Data Analysis: Inferential Statistics. Context for Using Inferential Statistics. Testing Hypotheses and Estimating Parameters. Inferences from Statistics to Parameters: A Review. Parametric Analyses. Nonparametric Analysis. Correlational Analyses. Selecting an Appropriate Statistical Analysis. Comments about Statistical Analysis. Meta-Analysis. 15.Communicating about Research. Major Sections of the Research Proposal. Major Sections of the Research Report. Other Sections of the Research Report. Putting a Report Together. Guidelines for Presenting Papers at Meetings. Presentations to Dissertation and Thesis Committees. 16.Evaluating Research Reports. Types of Errors and Shortcomings in Reports. Critiquing Major Sections of a Research Report. Overall Impressions When Evaluating a Report. The Evaluation of Proposals. Appendix 1: Conducting a CD-ROM Search Using SilverPlatter. Appendix 2: Ethical and Legal Considerations in Conducting Research. Appendix 3: Solutions to Exercises. Appendix 4: Tables. Table A. Ordinates and Areas of the Normal Curve. Table B. Critical Values of t. Table C. Upper Percentage Points of the x2 Distribution. Table D. Upper Percentage Points of the F-Distribution. Table E. Critical Values of the Correlation Coefficient. Glossary of Research Methods Terms. Name Index. Subject Index. Disk Instructions.

2,036 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: Definition: To what extent does the study allow us to draw conclusions about a causal effect between two or more constructs?
Abstract: Definition: To what extent does the study allow us to draw conclusions about a causal effect between two or more constructs? Issues: Selection, maturation, history, mortality, testing, regression towrd the mean, selection by maturation, treatment by mortality, treatment by testing, measured treatment variables Increase: Eliminate the threats, above all do experimental manipulations, random assignment, and counterbalancing.

2,006 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2022131
20213,764
20204,119
20194,398
20184,325
20173,789