Showing papers on "Representation (systemics) published in 1976"
TL;DR: For instance, this article found that people decide as quickly as possible whether or not named animals had given properties when they were shown an image of the whole animal, and that the size of a property no longer influenced verification time.
Abstract: This paper provides support for the notion that images, once formed, are a distinct form of internal representation, processed differently than other forms of internal representation. In two experiments, subjects decided as quickly as possible whether or not named animals had given properties. When imagery was not used, people verified properties more quickly in accordance with how strongly associated the property was with the animal in question. When images of the whole animal were consulted, in contrast, subjects were faster in accordance with increasing size of the property, and not with increasing association strength. However, if subjects imaged only the local region where a property ought to be found, and did not consult an image of the whole animal, the size of a property no longer influenced verification time. These results and their implications for the debate over imagery vs. propositional representation were discussed.
187 citations
TL;DR: Araki and Wyss as discussed by the authors considered a mapA→Q(A) of one-particle trace-class observables on a complex Hilbert-space ℋ into the fermionC*-algebraU(ℋ) over ℓ.
Abstract: Araki and Wyss considered in 1964 a mapA→Q(A) of one-particle trace-class observables on a complex Hilbert-space ℋ into the fermionC*-algebraU(ℋ) over ℋ. In particular they considered this mapping in a quasi-free representation.
96 citations
Patent•
27 Apr 1976
TL;DR: In this paper, an apparatus for collecting three-dimensional data on the size, shape, location and nature of animal soft tissue organ structures within the animal and reconstructing the data outside the animal is presented.
Abstract: An apparatus for collecting three-dimensional data on the size, shape, location and nature of animal soft tissue organ structures within the animal and reconstructing the data outside the animal. The apparatus provides a representation of the size, shape, location and nature of the structure in three dimensions.
79 citations
01 Jan 1976
65 citations
TL;DR: The reaching behavior of some 60 infants between 7 and 23 days of age was studied and it was found that the infants did not respond differently to a visually presented, graspable, solid object than to its two-dimensional representation.
Abstract: The reaching behavior of some 60 infants between 7 and 23 days of age was studied. Contrary to some other reports, the infants did not respond differently to a visually presented, graspable, solid object than to its two-dimensional representation.
53 citations
01 Jan 1976
TL;DR: The sole test permitting us to judge a physical theory and pronounce it good or bad is the comparison between the consequences of this theory and the experimental laws it has to represent and classify.
Abstract: The sole purpose of physical theory is to provide a representation and classification of experimental laws; the only test permitting us to judge a physical theory and pronounce it good or bad is the comparison between the consequences of this theory and the experimental laws it has to represent and classify. Now that we have minutely analyzed the characteristics of a physical experiment and of a physical law, we can establish the principles that should govern the comparison between experiment and theory; we can tell how we shall recognize whether a theory is confirmed or weakened by facts.
51 citations
TL;DR: This work defines the concept of parametric dependence of preferences for multiattributed consequences and shows the usefulness of this concept for the assessment of multiattribute utility functions by proving several representation theorems that simplify the assessment problem whenparametric dependence holds.
Abstract: The assessment of multiattribute cardinal utility functions can be a difficult experimental problem. To aid in this assessment, we define the concept of parametric dependence of preferences for multiattributed consequences. We show the usefulness of this concept for the assessment of multiattribute utility functions by proving several representation theorems that simplify the assessment problem when parametric dependence holds.
42 citations
01 Jan 1976
TL;DR: This review focuses on the methods for solving molecular structure problems, using the emerging capabilities of computer hard ware, software, and the implementation of complete systems.
Abstract: Computers have been used for molecular structure representation and manipulation for more than a decade. This particular application of computers to scientific problems is just a part of a larger pattern in the development of computer hard ware, software, and systems. This review focuses on the methods for solving molecular structure problems, using the emerging capabilities of computer hard ware, software, and the implementation of complete systems. The aspects of computer organization can be segmented and defined as follows:
37 citations
34 citations
TL;DR: This paper conceptualized the problem of death as a marginal situation, where death negates the basic assumptions of order on which society rests and highlighted the temporariness of social relationships and the contingent nature of socially constructed worlds.
Abstract: This paper is an attempt to conceptualize the problem of death as a marginal situation’ which confronts society. At one level the whole problem is seen as one where death negates the basic assumptions of order on which society rests. It at once projects man outside his world of meaning into one of irreality and meaninglessness and highlights the temporariness of social relationships and the contingent nature of socially constructed worlds. Man sees this loss of reality and meaning as anomic; he is forced
IBM1
TL;DR: A system of PL/I procedures has been written that permits geometric objects to be described hierarchically by effectively intercepting subprogram calls, providing a means of modifying the semantics associated with any object without modifying the object's procedural description.
Abstract: A system of PL/I procedures has been written that permits geometric objects to be described hierarchically. The objects are themselves represented as PL/I procedures, allowing very general use of variables. By effectively intercepting subprogram calls, the system provides a means of modifying the semantics associated with any object without modifying the object's procedural description.
01 Nov 1976
TL;DR: A theoretical framework and a LISP implementation for describing and simulating the cause-effect behavior of mechanisms, which include any naturally-occurring physical devices and principles whose cause and effect relationships are of use to humans.
Abstract: : This paper describes a theoretical framework and a LISP implementation for describing and simulating the cause-effect behavior of mechanisms. For the purposes of this research, a mechanism is defined to be any physical device, complex or simple, which exhibits cause and effect relationships useful to humans. Ordinarily, this will mean any purposively constructed object, such as a vacuum cleaner, a pencil, a button, a lightbulb or a computer. However, the authors also include in the definition any naturally-occurring physical devices and principles whose cause and effect relationships are of use to humans. Also considered are information-manipulating 'mechanisms' such as computer programs, as though they were physical in nature.
01 Jan 1976
TL;DR: Man does more than one thing at a time, all of the time, but the representation of these actions in consciousness is never complete as mentioned in this paper, and there is some question about how much he can comprehend at once.
Abstract: Man does more than one thing at a time—all of the time—but the representation of these actions in consciousness is never complete. On occasion he becomes conscious of much that happens within his body and of much that is happening currently in the external world, as well as of remembered or imagined events. His awareness can shift from one to another of these happenings, and there is some question about how much he can comprehend at once.
TL;DR: In this article, the dilemma of representation among city councillors in Isfahan is discussed, and the case of city councillors and the city councillors' dilemma is discussed in terms of representation.
Abstract: (1976). City councillors and the dilemma of representation: the case of Isfahan. Iranian Studies: Vol. 9, No. 2-3, pp. 142-162.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors sharpened the classical theorem of Ambrose on the representation of ergodic measure preserving flows and showed that it can be expressed as a measure preserving flow.
Abstract: Recently Daniel Rudolph sharpened the classical theorem of Ambrose on the representation of ergodic measure preserving flows (*) This research has been carried out during the visit of the author at the Laboratoire de Calcul des Probabilités, Univ., Paris VI. Annales de l’lnstitut Henri Poincaré Section B Vol. XII, n° 4 1976.
TL;DR: The method of construction of the diagram and its uses as a classificatory tool are described and the elections of 1974 are used to demonstrate its applications to a mass of data.
Abstract: I N R E C E N T General Elections increasing numbers of constituencies have been contested by the three main parties. A fact that appears to be quite generally known, though little used, is that an equilateral triangle can provide a pictorial representation of three-party alignment and of the changes between one election and another. The method of using the triangle appears to be one of those things which is continually being rediscovered. The earliest descriptions' of the technique that the author has located date from 1964, but it seems likely that others were using the technique earlier. This paper describes the method of construction of the diagram and demonstrates its uses as a classificatory tool. The elections of 1974 are used to demonstrate its applications to a mass of data.
31 Mar 1976
TL;DR: A problem of representation arises at each of the major development phases of a protocol: the definition and testing of the definition, the implementation and tests of the implementation, and the documentation of an implemented protocol.
Abstract: A problem of representation arises at each of the major development phases of a protocol:
definition and testing of the definition,
implementation and testing of the implementation,
documentation of an implemented protocol.
TL;DR: In this article, the spectrum of the generators of time translations (Liouville operators) on representation spaces determined by thermodynamic equilibrium states is compared and the nature of their nature is investigated.
Abstract: Spectra of the generators of time translations (“Liouville operators”) on representation spaces determined by thermodynamic equilibrium states are compared and their nature is investigated.