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Showing papers on "Representation (systemics) published in 2006"


01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: The conjunction of positional, directional, and translational information in a single MEC cell type may enable grid coordinates to be updated during self-motion–based navigation.
Abstract: Grid cells in the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) are part of an environment-independent spatial coordinate system. To determine how information about location, direction, and distance is integrated in the grid-cell network, we recorded from each principal cell layer of MEC in rats that explored two-dimensional environments. Whereas layer II was predominated by grid cells, grid cells colocalized with head-direction cells and conjunctive grid × head-direction cells in the deeper layers. All cell types were modulated by running speed. The conjunction of positional, directional, and translational information in a single MEC cell type may enable grid coordinates to be updated during self-motion–based navigation.

902 citations


Patent
Juha Henrik Arrasvuori1
19 Sep 2006
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a system that facilitates shopping for a tangible object via a network using a mobile device, where a graphical representation of a scene of a local environment using a sensor of the mobile device is obtained via the network.
Abstract: Facilitating shopping for a tangible object via a network using a mobile device involves obtaining a graphical representation of a scene of a local environment using a sensor of the mobile device. Graphical object data that enables a three-dimensional representation of the tangible object to be rendered on the mobile device is obtained via the network, in response to a shopping selection. The three-dimensional representation of the tangible object is displayed with the graphical representation of the scene via the mobile device so that the appearance of the tangible object in the scene is simulated.

289 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a D5-brane with electric flux was used to calculate the circular Wilson loop of anti-symmetric representation in N = 4 super Yang-Mills theory in 4 dimensions.
Abstract: We use a D5-brane with electric flux in AdS5 × S5 background to calculate the circular Wilson loop of anti-symmetric representation in N = 4 super Yang-Mills theory in 4 dimensions. The result agrees with the Gaussian matrix model calculation.

287 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A representation-based framework of distributed cognition was used to describe and explain an important, challenging, and controversial issue — the concept of affordance.
Abstract: This article describes a representation-based framework of distributed cognition. This framework considers distributed cognition as a cognitive system whose structures and processes are distributed between internal and external representations, across a group of individuals, and across space and time. The major issue for distributed research, under this framework, are the distribution, transformation, and propagation of information across the components of the distributed cognitive system and how they affect the performance of the system as a whole. To demonstrate the value of this representation-based approach, the framework was used to describe and explain an important, challenging, and controversial issue — the concept of affordance.

241 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a D5-brane with electric flux was used to calculate the circular Wilson loop of anti-symmetric representation in N = 4 super Yang-Mills theory in 4 dimensions.
Abstract: We use a D5-brane with electric flux in AdS_5 x S^5 background to calculate the circular Wilson loop of anti-symmetric representation in N=4 super Yang-Mills theory in 4 dimensions. The result agrees with the Gaussian matrix model calculation.

211 citations


19 Jan 2006
TL;DR: It is argued that the central question in the philosophy of perception is the question of whether perceptual experience should be understood in terms of a perceptual relation to the environment, or in Terms of intentionality (or representation).
Abstract: I argue that the central question in the philosophy of perception is the question of whether perceptual experience should be understood in terms of a perceptual relation to the environment, or in terms of intentionality (or representation). The question of whether experience involves ‘qualia’ is, by comparison, not very significant.Article

160 citations


Patent
03 Nov 2006
TL;DR: In this paper, a concept representation for a set of text documents based on partial order analysis and modifying this representation if it is determined to be unidentifiable is presented, and the embodiment includes means for labeling the representation, mapping documents to it to provide a corresponding document representation, generating a number of document signatures each of a different type, and performing several data processing applications each with a different one of the document signatures of differing types.
Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention includes means determining a concept representation for a set of text documents based on partial order analysis and modifying this representation if it is determined to be unidentifiable. Furthermore, the embodiment includes means for labeling the representation, mapping documents to it to provide a corresponding document representation, generating a number of document signatures each of a different type, and performing several data processing applications each with a different one of the document signatures of differing types.

146 citations


ReportDOI
TL;DR: Issues associated with Level 2 Information Fusion (Situation Assessment) including: user perception and perceptual reasoning representation, knowledge discovery process models, procedural versus logical reasoning about relationships, userfusion interaction through performance metrics, and syntactic and semantic representations are presented.
Abstract: : Situation assessment (SA) involves deriving relations among entities, e.g., the aggregation of object states (i.e., classification and location). While SA has been recognized in the information fusion and human factors literature, there still exist open questions regarding knowledge representation and reasoning methods to afford SA. For instance, while lots of data is collected over a region of interest, how does this information get presented to an attention constrained user? The information overload can deteriorate cognitive reasoning so a pragmatic solution to knowledge representation is needed for effective and efficient situation understanding. In this paper, we present issues associated with Level 2 Information Fusion (Situation Assessment) including: (1) user perception and perceptual reasoning representation, (2) knowledge discovery process models, (3) procedural versus logical reasoning about relationships, (4) userfusion interaction through performance metrics, and (5) syntactic and semantic representations. While a definitive conclusion is not the aim of the paper, many critical issues are proposed in order to characterize future successful strategies for knowledge representation, presentation, and reasoning for situation assessment.

145 citations


Patent
06 Jul 2006
TL;DR: In this article, a method of generating an ideographic representation of a name given in a letter based system begins with a determination of the language of original for the name, the name is segmented into a segmentation sequence in response to the determined language of origin.
Abstract: A method of generating an ideographic representation of a name given in a letter based system begins with a determination of the language of original. After determining the language of origin for the name, the name is segmented into a segmentation sequence in response to the determined language of origin. A candidate representation is generated for the segmentation sequence based on ideographic representations of the segments. A corpus is used to validate the candidate representation. The corpus can be either a monolingual corpus or a multilingual corpus. The method can also include adding an additional validation step using either a monolingual corpus or a multilingual corpus, which ever was not used in the first validation step. Because of the rules governing abstracts, this abstract should not be used to construe the claims.

139 citations




Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose that scientific representation is a special case of a more general notion of representation, and that the relatively well worked-out and plausible theories of the latter are directly applicable to the sci- entific special case.
Abstract: We propose that scientific representation is a special case of a more general notion of representation, and that the relatively well worked-out and plausible theories of the latter are directly applicable to the sci- entific special case. Construing scientific representation in this way makes the so-called "problem of scien- tific representation" look much less interesting than it has seemed to many, and suggests that some of the (hotly contested) debates in the literature are concerned with non-issues.

Patent
04 Dec 2006
TL;DR: In this article, a plurality of bits related to the representation of the codeword is decoded iteratively, i.e., part or all of the representation itself or part of the results of preliminary processing of the original representation.
Abstract: Data are encoded as a systematic or nonsystematic codeword that is stored in a memory such as a flash memory. A representation of the codeword is read from the memory. A plurality of bits related to the representation of the codeword is decoded iteratively. The plurality of bits could be, for example, part or all of the representation of the codeword itself or part or all of the results of preliminary processing of part or all of the representation of the codeword.


Patent
10 Nov 2006
TL;DR: In this paper, a reference for real-time communication with a business is provided in a representation of a geographical region at a location within the representation corresponding to a location of the business.
Abstract: Systems and methods to provide a reference for communication with a business is disclosed here. One embodiment includes providing a reference for real-time communication with a business to be placed in a representation of a geographical region at a location within the representation corresponding to a location of the business, tracking usage of the reference, and billing the business for providing the reference for real-time communication based on quantitative usage of the reference.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article highlighted four key elements of culturally and linguistically responsive pre-referral intervention for diverse learners in special education: Preventing school underachievement and failure, early intervention for struggling learners, diagnostic/prescriptive teaching, and availability of general education ProblemSolving Support Systems.
Abstract: the 1970s in response to the concern about inappropriate identification and labeling of children for special education and has evolved over time into a variety of models. The primary concern of all models has generally been to differentiate students with disabilities from those whose academic or behavioral difficulties reflect other factors, including inappropriate or inadequate instruction. In all these models, students who are persistently nonresponsive to more intensive and alternative instructional or behavioral interventions over time are viewed as the most likely candidates for special education (Fletcher, Barnes, & Francis, 2002; Ortiz, 2002). Current discussions about responseto-intervention (RTI) models for the identification of learning disabilities (LDs) reflect these concerns as well (Vaughn & Fuchs, 2003). When RTI is implemented with culturally and linguistically diverse learners, it is critical that the prereferral intervention process is culturally and linguistically responsive; that is, educators must ensure that students’ sociocultural, linguistic, racial/ethnic, and other relevant background characteristics are addressed at all stages, including reviewing student performance, considering reasons for student difficulty or failure, designing alternative interventions, and interpreting assessment results (Ortiz, 2002). Without such examination, even prereferral intervention practices may not result in improved student outcomes and may continue to result in disproportionate representation in special education. In this brief, we highlight four key elements of culturally and linguistically responsive prereferral intervention for culturally and linguistically diverse students. These elements are (1) Preventing School Underachievement and Failure, (2) Early Intervention for Struggling Learners, (3) Diagnostic/ Prescriptive Teaching, and (4) Availability of General Education ProblemSolving Support Systems.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results from fMRI-adaptation support the hypothesis that the neural representation of shape in LOC is an intermediate one, encoding the parts of an object.





Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Aesthetic theories are illuminating, but they become politically significant only in the context of real-life situations as discussed by the authors, which is why I now provide practical illustrations of the conceptual claims I advanced in the previous chapter.
Abstract: Aesthetic theories are illuminating, but they become politically significant only in the context of real-life situations. This is why I now provide practical illustrations of the conceptual claims I advanced in the previous chapter.

Posted Content
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors constructed many new supercuspidal representations of G and proved that every irreducible supercuspidal representation of G arises from these constructions.
Abstract: Let G be a unitary, symplectic or special orthogonal group over a locally compact non-archimedean local field of odd residual characteristic. We construct many new supercuspidal representations of G, and Bushnell-Kutzko types for these representations. Moreover, we prove that every irreducible supercuspidal representation of G arises from our constructions.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a multiscale simulation of liquid water is presented, where a spatially adaptive molecular resolution procedure allows for changing on the fly from a coarse-grained to an all-atom representation.
Abstract: We present a multiscale simulation of liquid water where a spatially adaptive molecular resolution procedure allows for changing on-the-fly from a coarse-grained to an all-atom representation. We show that this approach leads to the correct description of all essential thermodynamic and structural properties of liquid water.

Book ChapterDOI
Dana M. Small1
TL;DR: The anatomical pathways for the two primary animal models (rodent and nonhuman primate) are provided followed by the presumed human gustatory pathway and a review of flavor processing.
Abstract: The purpose of this chapter is to provide a general overview of the central representation of gustatory information in the human brain. The anatomical pathways for the two primary animal models (rod


Book ChapterDOI
TL;DR: The graphical calculus is shown to be reduction equivalent to stochastic π, ensuring that the two calculi have the same expressive power.
Abstract: This paper presents a graphical representation for the stochastic π-calculus, which is formalised by defining a corresponding graphical calculus. The graphical calculus is shown to be reduction equivalent to stochastic π, ensuring that the two calculi have the same expressive power. The graphical representation is used to model a couple of example biological systems, namely a bistable gene network and a mapk signalling cascade. One of the benefits of the representation is its ability to highlight the existence of cycles, which are a key feature of biological systems. Another benefit is its ability to animate interactions between system components, in order to visualise system dynamics. The graphical representation can also be used as a front end to a simulator for the stochastic π-calculus, to help make modelling and simulation of biological systems more accessible to non computer scientists.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
08 May 2006
TL;DR: The most important features of SeSAm, a modeling and simulation platform for multi-agent simulations, are presented, based on a declarative, explicit model representation and visual programming, which allows implementing models on specification level.
Abstract: In this paper, we present the most important features of SeSAm, a modeling and simulation platform for multi-agent simulations. Based on a declarative, explicit model representation and visual programming, it allows implementing models on specification level. Optimizing compilation allows efficient simulation of the explicit model representation. It was successfully applied in different areas, like biology, traffic or logistics simulation.