Residual frame

About: Residual frame is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4443 publications have been published within this topic receiving 68784 citations.

On the power of the frame buffer

Abstract: Raster graphics displays are almost always refreshed out of a frame buffer in which a digital representation of the currently visible image is kept. The availability of the frame buffer as a two-dimensional memory array representing the displayable area in a screen coordinate system has motivated the development of algorithms that take advantage of this memory for more than just picture storage. The classic example of such an algorithm is the depth buffer algorithm for determining visible surfaces of a three-dimensional scene. This paper constitutes a first attempt at a disciplined analysis of the power of a frame buffer seen as a computational engine for use in graphics algorithms. We show the inherent power of frame buffers to perform a number of graphics algorithms in terms of the number of data fields (registers) required per pixel, the types of operations allowed on these registers, and the input data. In addition to upper bounds given by these algorithms, we prove lower bounds for most of them and show most of these algorithms to be optimal.One result of this study is the introduction of new frame buffer algorithms for computing realistic shadows and for determining the convex intersection of half spaces, an operation important in computational geometry and in rendering objects defined using planes rather than polygons. Another result is that it shows clearly the relationships between different and important areas of research in computer graphics, such as visible surface determination, compositing, and hardware for smart frame buffers.

Encoding digital signals

Abstract: A motion factor coding apparatus receives an input video signal which is applied to a subtractor and to a motion estimator which generates motion vectors for the current frame relative to a reference frame that is stored in the motion estimator. The motion vectors are passed to a buffer which are then iteratively update in a re-estimator. The number of iterations can be set to a fixed number or can be controlled by measuring the effect of each successive update on the motion. When a satisfactory number of iterations is reached, update motion vectors are passed to a motion compensator which generates a predicted frame which is applied as another input to the subtractor where the predicted frame is subtracted from the current frame in the input digital video signal. The subtraction removes temporal redundancy in the signal.

Method of signalling motion information for efficient scalable video compression

Abstract: A method for incrementally coding and signalling motion information for a video compression system involving a motion adaptive transform and embedded coding of transformed video samples comprises the steps of: (a) producing an embedded bit-stream, representing each motion field in coarse to fine fashion; and (b) interleaving incremental contributions from said embedded motion fields with incremental contributions from said transformed video samples. A further embodiment of a method for estimating and signalling motion information for a motion adaptive transform based on temporal lifting steps comprises the steps of: (a) estimating and signalling motion parameters describing a first mapping from a source frame onto a target frame within one of the lifting steps; and (b) inferring a second mapping between either said source frame or said target frame, and another frame, based on the estimated and signalled motion parameters associated with said first mapping.

Image processing apparatus and its method

Abstract: To obtain a dodging-like effect in moving-image data without expensive extraction of low-frequency components in playback, for a color-correction frame which does not refer to another frame, brightness components are extracted from the entire frame image to generate brightness-component and low-frequency brightness-component images, and these are used to color-correct the frame. For a color-correction frame which refers to another frame, a transition region of the frame image is detected, and used to identify an update image region in which a low-frequency brightness-component image must be updated. Brightness components of the transition region are extracted from the frame image, and are combined with those of a reference frame image, thus generating a brightness-component image. Low-frequency brightness components of the update region are extracted and combined with those of the reference image, thus generating a low-frequency brightness-component image of the frame. The color-correction frame image is color-corrected using the generated brightness-component and low-frequency brightness-component images.

Method and apparatus for encoding high-fidelity still images in MPEG bitstreams

Abstract: A frame in an uncompressed digital video signal is selected for encoding as a high-fidelity still image. The digital video signal is MPEG encoded to produce an MPEG encoded bitstream and additional bits are employed to encode the selected frame, to produce the MPEG encoded bitstream. The additional bits are determined by fixing the values of MQUANT and "intra DC mult" for all macroblocks in the selected frame. In an alternative method, the extra bits are determined by repeating the selected frame a plurality of times in the digital video signal prior to encoding the selected frame.