Showing papers on "Resource management published in 1974"
01 Mar 1974
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore the implications of conservation thinking in archaeology and propose direct conservation measures, such as public education, involvement of archaeologists in land use planning, and establishment of archaeological preserves.
Abstract: Archaeological research on any particular segment of the past is based on a non-renewable resource, and one that is being very rapidly eroded. If archaeological field work is to continue very much into the future, we must slow down the attrition of the resource base and must see that from now on it is expended very frugally. Some implications of conservation thinking in archaeology are explored. Foremost are direct conservation measures, such as public education, involvement of archaeologists in land use planning, and establishment of archaeological preserves. These require archaeologists to become involved in all aspects of archaeological resource management, not just in the exploitive aspect. Emergency salvage archaeology should be carried out only as a last resort, and should combine a strong problem orientation with additional work designed to preserve a representative sample of the data to be lost when the site or sites are destroyed. Sites not immediately threatened with destruction should b...
121 citations
52 citations
Abstract: In the past several decades, large organizations have put into use a wide range of programs and practices aimed at the improved utilization of their human talent. The thousand largest husiness and industrial organizations in the world together spend in excess of $10 hillion each year in human resource management activities, excluding the value of time spent by individuals and managers away from work for purjHDses of training, development, interviewing, performance planning and review, and other activities. A discipline of human resource planning (manpower planning) has developed and is now widely used to guide management in planning and conducting these activities, and allocating these financial resources. Nearly all of the organizations in a recent survey of major U.S. and Canadian firms indicated that they practiced manpower planning (Walker, 1973). These organizations also indicated, however, that these practices are extremely traditional and rudimentary. The tools heing used in manpower planning do not appear to he adequate to meet the needs of management for proper evaluation and planning of investments in the human resource area. If the major financial investments heing made are to yield the returns that they should, more rigorous tools need to he added to the discipline of manpower planning. This paper proposes a four-stage model of human resource planning. Through human resource planning, management prepares to have the right people at the right places at the right times to fulfill hoth organizational and individual objectives. With the proper planning and evaluation, management is ahle to attract, retain, develop, and utilize talent to meet organizational challenges of the future. At the same time, the organization is ahle to provide employees with realistic and satisfying career opportunities. The human resource planning process may he viewed as having three elements:
14 citations
01 Nov 1974
TL;DR: In this paper, an adaptive decision rule with an active learning effect is proposed for a dynamic resource allocation problem under uncertainty, where a specific decentralized information structure is assumed to examine on-line coordination procedures through message exchanges.
Abstract: A dynamic resource allocation problem under uncertainty is considered. A specific decentralized information structure is assumed to examine on-line coordination procedures through message exchanges. First, an optimal solution for a deterministic version of the problem is obtained. Based on the optimal solution, suboptimal decision rules with learning are discussed for stochastic processes. In particular, an adaptive decision rule with an active learning effect is proposed.
7 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a continuous, dynamic hydrologic and water quality model is presented to develop frequency curves for various water quality criteria, and results from the Denver Regional Water Quality Management Study are discussed as an example of the use of frequency analysis for economic evaluation of water quality management.
Abstract: Proper economic evaluation of alternative plans will maximize the utility achieved from the resources available for water resource management. A knowledge of the frequency of occurrence of the events under study is necessary to fully utilize the advantages of economic evaluation in planning. Frequency information is widely used in flood control and water supply, but relatively unknown in water quality planning. A continuous, dynamic hydrologic and water quality model is presented to develop frequency curves for various water quality criteria. Results from the Denver Regional Water Quality Management Study are discussed as an example of the use of frequency analysis for economic evaluation of water quality management.
6 citations
01 Nov 1974
TL;DR: A method for accurately forecasting the regional energy demand in terms of demand for each resource and further allocating the available resources to the various demand points at a minimized cost is studied.
Abstract: A method for accurately forecasting the regional energy demand in terms of demand for each resource and further allocating the available resources to the various demand points at a minimized cost is studied. The model utilizes the present supply of all the available resources, the cost functions of each resource, the net regional products and the present demand per resource at each demand point. The optimal allocation of each resource from supply points to demand points represents the Hitchcock - Koopmans transportation model which can be stated as follows: "Given a number of supply sources (S1, S2,..., Si,..., SM) and a number of demand points (D1, D2,..., Dj,..., DN), each source Si having a quantity qi which has to be transported to various demand points in such a way that the total quantity arriving at Dj fulfills the demand dj + Rj d. Also, given the shipping cost of a unit quantity of the resource, and the distances involved, the object is to determine the allocation of resources which minimizes the total cost".
5 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the variety of uses of the Skagit River at present, and their expansion for recreational use by modest improvements, compared with uses available if the valley is flooded.
Abstract: Plans to raise the Ross Dam on the Skagit River by the American utility, City Light, will flood a valley in Canada and have generated a conflict of resource use between conservationists and proponents of economic progress. This paper examines the variety of uses of the valley at present, and their expansion for recreational use by modest improvements. Such expanded use is compared with uses available if the valley is flooded. The comparison is expressed in economic terms. The paper then continues with a critique of economic analysis to such problems of resource allocation and develops an approach to ecological resource allocation. A schedule and analysis of alternative uses is offered. The economic and ecological conclusions are examined, and it is found that the latter method is more appropriate to practical problems of allocation, at least with regard to natural resources than the former.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The most significant short-term obstacles to integration are the institutionalized problems including the need for a more coordinated and stabilized system of intergovernmental relations and more formal recognition of meaningful community and state goals, including positive contributions of the public as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Technical, behavioral, and institutional constraints have hampered the integration of water quality and water resources planning. Although the conceptual relationship between water resources and water quality planning has changed remarkably in the past few years, only minor advances have been made in true integration. The evolution of water quality planning and development has taken place in an institutional structure almost the reverse of planning and management of water resources. Most of the water quality advances have been made at the local or regional level while water resources activities have usually been a federal responsibility. The most significant short-term obstacles to integration are the institutionalized problems including the need for a more coordinated and stabilized system of intergovernmental relations and more formal recognition of meaningful community and state goals, including positive contributions of the public.
TL;DR: An analysis of three Archaic Nee-American Stage sites along the San Gabriel River of central Texas was performed in order to relate management of local resources to choice of site location as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: An analysis of three Archaic Nee-American Stage sites along the San Gabriel River of central Texas was performed in order to relate management of local resources to choice of site location. This sa...
01 Jan 1974
TL;DR: Techniques utilized and the progress made in applying ERTS-1 data to detecting, inventorying, and monitoring surface mining activities, particularly in relation to recently passed strip mine legislation in Ohio are described.
Abstract: Described are techniques utilized and the progress made in applying ERTS-1 data to (1) detecting, inventorying, and monitoring surface mining activities, particularly in relation to recently passed strip mine legislation in Ohio; (2) updating current land use maps at various scales for multiagency usage, and (3) solving other real-time problems existing throughout the various Ohio governmental agencies. General conclusions regarding current user views as to the opportunities and limitations of operationally using ERTS-1 data at the state level are also noted.
IBM1
TL;DR: An architecture for resource management in a computer system is presented, a subset of an APL-like higher level language machine architecture that provides for a natural division of function between software and microcode/hardware.
Abstract: An architecture for resource management in a computer system is presented. The architecture is a subset of an APL-like higher level language machine architecture. The approach provides for a natural division of function between software and microcode/hardware. Any object in the system can be managed as a resource, and the fact that an object is managed can be transparent to the program using the object. Finally the resource management concepts are related to the current resource management problems of effective third-party control of resources, intelligent work scheduling, and deadlock resolutions.