Showing papers on "Resource management published in 1979"

The Optimal Management of Transboundary Renewable Resources

Abstract: This paper investigates the question of the optimal management of renewable resources jointly owned by two states. A dynamic model of fisheries is combined with Nash's theory of two-person co-operative games. Conflicts in the management strategies of the two states arising from differences in perceptions of the social rate of discount, fishing effort costs, and consumer preferences are examined. Cases are considered in which the two partners can and cannot make side or transfer payments to one another. It is concluded that side payments greatly ease the resolution of resource management conflicts. La gestion optimale de ressour-ces renouvelables trans-nationales. Ce memoire examine le problmy renewable resources / 357 should be extended to cover transboundary resources involving several countries. That however, would be the subject of another paper.

Geography and resource analysis

Abstract: Resource analysis and geography the research process resource appraisal and allocation perception, attitudes and behaviour landscape evaluation carrying capacity hazards and risk assessment environmental impact assessment evaluation institutional arrangements policy making resource analysis - evolution, accomplishments and opportunities. Appendix: metric (SI) conversions.

Studies in Resource Allocation Processes.

Abstract: One of the central questions of economics relates to the coordination of individual units within a large organization to achieve the central objectives of that organization. This book examines the problems involved in allocating resources in an economic system where decision-making is decentralized into the hands of individuals and individual enterprises. The decisions made by these economic agents must be coordinated because the input decisions of some must eventually equal the output decisions of others. Coordination arises naturally out of the mathematical theory of optimization but there is still the question of how it can be achieved in practice with dispersed knowledge. The essays here explore the many facets of this problem. Nine papers are grouped under the title 'Economies with a single maximand'. They include papers on static and dynamic optimization, decentralization within firms, and nonconvexities in optimizing problems. Fourteen papers are concerned with 'Economies with multiple objectives'. Among the topics covered here are stability of competitive equilibrium, stability in oligopology, and dynamic shortages. The final part of the book includes three papers on informational efficiency and informationally decentralized systems. Leonid Hurwitcz is the Nobel Prize Winner 2007 for The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, along with colleagues Eric Maskin and Roger Myerson, for his work on the effectiveness of markets.

Natural Resource Economics Issues, Analysis, and Policy

Abstract: A unified exposition of the principles of optimum use of renewable and nonrenewable natural resources, set in the framework of historical natural resource concerns and real world resource markets. Utilizes most up-to-date theoretical and empirical research results from economics, geology, hydrology, and the environmental sciences. Characterizes the role of natural resources in long-term economic growth; describes and analyzes problems and policy issues of energy, nonenergy minerals, forestry, fisheries, water resources, and preserved natural environments. Reviews factors critical to the future and seeks to derive a responsible natural resources policy'' that emphasizes intergenerational equity. Includes several extended case studies.

Project Scheduling with Discrete and Continuous Resources

Abstract: Allocation is discussed of constrained resources among activities of a network project, when the resource requirements of activities concern a unit of a discrete resource (machine, processor) from a finite set of m parallel units and an amount of a continuously divisible resource (power, fuel flow, approximate manpower) which is arbitrary within a certain interval. For every activity the function relating the performing speed to the allotted amount of continuous resource is known as is the state which has to be reached in order to complete the activity. Two optimality criteria; project duration and the mean finishing time of an activity are considered. For the first criterion the way in which finding the optimal solution is reduced to a constrained nonlinear programming problem is described. The number of variables in this problem depends on the number of m?element combinations of activities which may be performed simultaneously in accordance with the precedence constraints. Consequently, this approach is of more theoretical than practical importance. For some special cases, however, it allows analytical results to be obtained. Next, an approximate method is described which consists of two stages. In the first stage the problem of scheduling activities with known performing times on parallel machines is solved, and in the second, the continuous resource is allocated among the activities (or parts of activities) which are performed simultaneously in the obtained schedule.

Forest resource management : decision-making principles and cases

Abstract: Forest resource management: decision-making principles and cases , Forest resource management: decision-making principles and cases , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی

The Role of Conservation in Water Supply Planning.

Abstract: : The report has formulated a definition of water conservation, assessed the adequacy of knowledge on the available conservation measures, and identified the requirements and needs for implementation. (Author)

On resource sharing in a distributed communication environment

Abstract: A revolution is in the making! We are witnessing a growth rate in technological change which i s overwhelming. Thanks to enormous advances in data communications and in integrated chip technology, we are in the midst of a computer communication explosion which has already made significant changes in the field of data processing. The early phase of the revolution has passedwe have developed cost-effective data communication systems. Indeed in the last five years we have witnessed the rise of computer networks whose function it is to span intercontinental distances and provide communication among computers across nations and across the world. There now exists a large number of national networks which are in the process of interconnecting to each other in such a world network. These networks have hastened the next phase of the revolution, namely, the widespread acceptance and application of teleprocessing and networking by the business sector of our economy. As this second phase proceeds, we will see a stress placed on our computer networks in two areas. First, in the need for long-haul, wide-band inexpensive communications deep in the backbone of our networks; one answer to this need is the introduction of sophisticated packet satellite radio data communication systems. The other environment in which we will see stress is at the periphery of our networks where local accessis the major problem. The early

Management Issues in Cooperative Computing

Abstract: There is a growing t rend toward cooperative comput ing a r r angemen t s tha t span several independen t organizations. P rominen t among these are the numerous compu te r ne tworks set up to permi t inter-organizational shar ing of compute r -based resources Cooperat ive a r r angemen t s appear to share m a n y c o m m o n problems in their development , financing, and managemen t . These problems are revmwed, and the cons ldera tmns involved m dealing with t h e m discussed. It is shown tha t the problem areas described have a fundamen ta l influence on the success of any cooperative comput ing venture , and m u s t be taken into account in assessing the potential costs and benefits associated with such a venture , as well as in its subsequen t managemen t . The re is an extensive set of references to the li terature.

Integrating fire management into land-use planning: A multiple-use management research, development, and applications program

Abstract: The traditional view of fire as a destructive agent requiring immediate suppression is giving way to the view that fire can and should be used to meet land management goals. Thus,fire control is being replaced by the more general concept offire management, which is based on the need to integrate fire policy with land management objectives. The social, economic, and ecologic effects of fire must be evaluated in the selection of land management alternatives.

Simulation modeling and resource management

Abstract: Simulation models are becoming increasingly important as tools for synthesizing and applying information in almost all aspects of land management. They are particulary valuable for predicting and comparing outcomes of alternative decisions and assumptions. Models also permit managers to consider and integrate the potential influences of a large number of variables.

On harvesting two competing populations

Abstract: The problem of harvesting two competing populations is formulated in an optimal control setting. The maximum sustained rent (MSR) solution is introduced and is shown to be not only totally singular, but also to play a central role in solutions to the harvesting problem. It is further shown that nonsingular extremal subarcs must in general approach and leave the MSR along partially singular curves. A numerical example is introduced to demonstrate this phenomenon. In the case where the populations are driven onto the MSR in minimum time, however, the optimal control is shown to be bang-bang with at most one switch.

Fire management: A component of land management planning

Abstract: Many of our land management agencies grew out of the need to protect our land resources. It has long been an axiom of forest management that, to be managed, a forest must be protected. The catastrophic fires of the 1910s and the 1930s in the western United States illustrated the need for fire protection. Not surprisingly, the Forest Service has evolved around a strong emphasis on fire control. The efforts of the Forest Service have dramatically reduced the number of acres burned. However, this has been accomplished with little regard for the environmental consequences or the costs of control. Control activities are carried out independently of the management objectives for the area. In recent years this has led to expanding the scope of fire control to include the concept of fire management. Barney (1975) has summarized this concept as \"fire management--the integrating of fire-related biological, ecological, physical and technological information into land management to meet desired objectives.\" As stated here, fire management is a philosophy, not an independent activity. Competitive pressures are increasing on our forests and rangelands. The public is demanding more from our federal lands--not only more timber and forage production, but also diverse recreational opportunities and esthetic qualities. Recent laws enacted by the US Congress call for evaluation of activities from an environmental impact standpoint and a long-range planning perspective. The National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA) requires an interdisciplinary study of major federal actions, with an evaluation of alternatives for shortand long-term consequences. The Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 directs the Secretary of Agriculture to periodically assess the National Forests and range resource situation, submitting

The Roles of Research and Extension Education in the Developing Lake Ontario Salmonid Fishery

Abstract: Resource management agencies involved in developing a sport fishery often lack the resources to deal with associated problems and potentials. As a result, the economic and social impacts on small communities affected by the fishery may be neglected. In New York State, the development of the Great Lakes salmonid fishery by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) has occurred with the cooperation of New York Sea Grant research and extension efforts. The following case study documents research and extension efforts designed to cope with diverse fishery development problems.

Water Resource Systems Planning in U.S.A.:1776-1976

Abstract: Some historical aspects of water resource development and use covering the nation's first 200 yr were examined to determine at what points in history the systems method of analysis was used in water resource planning. The systems method was found to apply to cases where clear single objectives directed planning. In situations where the systems view was not taken less than satisfactory systems resulted. Examples considered include: canals and waterborne transportation, water supply to New York City, the Miami Conservancy District, TVA, and Irrigated Agriculture. The systems approach was followed both in the Miami Conservancy District and TVA within the limits of the analysis techniques available. Areas of potential application of systems analysis tools and techniques in the near-term future (urban water resources management, operation of multipurpose facilities, and water resource allocation) are examined to illustrate the need for the use of systems analysis tools for handling complex constrained systems.