Topic
Respiratory epithelium
About: Respiratory epithelium is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5048 publications have been published within this topic receiving 222304 citations. The topic is also known as: respiratory tract epithelium & Respiratory Mucosa.
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TL;DR: Some of the previously described ultrastructural features of abnormal large-intestinal epithelium may be only the result of failure to compare the so-called abnormal cells with normal cells from the same region, as well as well-controlled studies of the abnormal epithelia of a particular segment of large intestine.
102 citations
TL;DR: The fundamental elements for a bioartificial trachea were successfully engineered in vitro in a direct vascularized 10- to 15-cm-longBioartificial matrix as a scaffold for tracheal tissue engineering.
102 citations
TL;DR: One type of vacuole contains cross-striated aggregates like collagen, and the other type has an elongated shape and contains a dense, slightly fibrillar material in an epithelium which produces collagen.
Abstract: Studies on a variety of cells which excrete protein have established that synthesis of the protein occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum and that subsequent concentration, storage, and excretion occur via the Golgi apparatus (see Beams and Kessel, 1968 for review) . Ultrastructural radioautographie studies on the mode of collagen excretion, however, have been variously interpreted in respect to the role of the Golgi apparatus, with some investigators suggesting that collagen is processed by this organelle (Revel and Hay, 1963 ; Hay and Revel, 1969) and others suggesting that it is not (Ross and Benditt, 1965 ; Cooper and Prockop, 1968 ; Salpeter, 1968). An issue central to these studies has been the frequency of radioautographie detection of secretory vacuoles which contain radioactive protein . Despite the reported quantitative differences in the frequency at which labeled secretory vacuoles have been found, it should be emphasized that vacuoles containing ultrastructurally recognizable collagen, as well as dense vacuoles of unknown content, have been described in a variety of collagen-producing cells (Stearns, 1940 ; Fitton Jackson, 1960; Sheldon and Kimball, 1962; Movat and Fernando, 1962 ; Fernando and Movat, 1963 ; Revel and Hay, 1963 ; Voelz, 1964 ; Welsh, 1966 ; Welsh and Meyer, 1967; Reith, 1968 ; Hay and Revel, 1969) . The purpose of the present report is to describe two distinct types of vacuoles in an epithelium which produces collagen, namely the embryonic chick corneal epithelium . One type of vacuole contains cross-striated aggregates like collagen, and the other type has an elongated shape and contains a dense, slightly fibrillar material .
102 citations
TL;DR: Proliferation of respiratory tract epithelium was studied in adult male rats by using continuous infusions of tritiated thymidine to label desoxyribonucleic acid, and the results suggest that a basal cell divides to form one basal and one superficial cell, and a superficial cell dividing to form two superficial cells (one of which is lost either sequentially or randomly).
102 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that mucous metaplasia in asthma increases the susceptibility of airway epithelium to infection by rhinovirus because of changes in the overall architecture of the apical surface.
Abstract: Infection of airway epithelium by rhinovirus is the most common cause of asthma exacerbations. Even in mild asthma, airway epithelium exhibits mucous metaplasia, which increases with increasing severity of the disease. We previously showed that squamous cultures of human airway epithelium manifest rhinoviral infection at levels many times higher than in well-differentiated cultures of a mucociliary phenotype. Here we tested the hypothesis that mucous metaplasia is also associated with increased levels of rhinoviral infection. Mucous metaplasia was induced with IL-13, which doubled the numbers of goblet cells. In both control (mucociliary) and IL-13– treated (mucous metaplastic) cultures, goblet cells were preferentially infected by rhinovirus. IL-13 doubled the numbers of infected cells by increasing the numbers of infected goblet cells. Furthermore, IL-13 increased both the maturity of goblet cells and the probability that a goblet cell would be infected. The infection of cells other than goblet cells was unaltered by IL-13. Treatment with IL-13 did not alter the levels of rhinovirus receptor ICAM-1, nor did the proliferative effects of IL-13 enhance infection, because rhinovirus did not colocalize with dividing cells. However, the induction of mucous metaplasia caused changes in the apical membrane structure, notably a marked decrease in overall ciliation, and an increase in the overall flatness of the apical surface. We conclude that mucous metaplasia in asthma increases the susceptibility of airway epithelium to infection by rhinovirus because of changes in the overall architecture of the apical surface.
102 citations