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Respiratory epithelium

About: Respiratory epithelium is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5048 publications have been published within this topic receiving 222304 citations. The topic is also known as: respiratory tract epithelium & Respiratory Mucosa.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that specific growth factors, including some known to be produced by other lung cells, alter the proliferation in vitro of isolated neonatal rabbit type II alveolar epithelial cells.
Abstract: The type II alveolar epithelial cell plays a critical role in the repair of lung injury by repopulating the entire damaged alveolar epithelium. We report our studies of the effects of known growth ...

71 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Mar 2009-Allergy
TL;DR: This work sought to investigate in an in vitro system whether active smoking reduces the integrity and barrier function of the respiratory epithelium and thus facilitates allergen penetration.
Abstract: Background: The association between cigarette smoke exposure and allergic airway disease is a matter for debate. We sought to investigate in an in vitro system whether active smoking reduces the integrity and barrier function of the respiratory epithelium and thus facilitates allergen penetration. Methods: We cultured the human bronchial epithelial cell line 16HBE14o− in a transwell culture system as a surrogate for the intact respiratory epithelium. The cell monolayer was exposed to standardized cigarette smoke extract (CSE). The extent and effects of trans-epithelial allergen penetration were measured using 125I-labelled purified major respiratory allergens (rBet v 1, rPhl p 5 and rDer p 2) and histamine release experiments. Results: Exposure of cells to concentrations of CSE similar to those found in smokers induced the development of para-cellular gaps and a decrease in trans-epithelial resistance. CSE exposure induced a more than threefold increase in allergen penetration. Increased subepithelial allergen concentrations provoked a substantial augmentation of histamine release from sensitized basophils. Conclusions: Our results indicate that cigarette smoke is a potent factor capable of reducing the barrier function of the respiratory epithelium for allergens and may contribute to increased allergic inflammation, exacerbation of allergic disease and boosting of IgE memory.

71 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Sequence and homology analyses suggest that Plunc is a member of the secretory gland protein family with putative bactericidal/bacteriostatic function and is the first protein found in respiratory epithelium whose expression is regulated by olfactory neuronal injury and may provide protection against infection subsequent to injury.

71 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Mechanisms whereby airway epithelial cells recognize pathogens and activate a program of antibacterial pathways to prevent colonization of the lung are reviewed, along with a few examples of how bacteria disrupt these responses to cause pneumonia.
Abstract: Airway epithelial cells are the first line of defense against invading microbes, and they protect themselves through the production of carbohydrate and protein matrices concentrated with antimicrobial products. In addition, they act as sentinels, expressing pattern recognition receptors that become activated upon sensing bacterial products and stimulate downstream recruitment and activation of immune cells which clear invading microbes. Bacterial pathogens that successfully colonize the lungs must resist these mechanisms or inhibit their production, penetrate the epithelial barrier, and be prepared to resist a barrage of inflammation. Despite the enormous task at hand, relatively few virulence factors coordinate the battle with the epithelium while simultaneously providing resistance to inflammatory cells and causing injury to the lung. Here we review mechanisms whereby airway epithelial cells recognize pathogens and activate a program of antibacterial pathways to prevent colonization of the lung, along with a few examples of how bacteria disrupt these responses to cause pneumonia.

71 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023143
2022222
2021182
2020174
2019149
2018149