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Respiratory epithelium

About: Respiratory epithelium is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5048 publications have been published within this topic receiving 222304 citations. The topic is also known as: respiratory tract epithelium & Respiratory Mucosa.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The latest published literature is used to discuss the potential pathological mechanisms regarding the onset and progressive severity of asthma with regard to the disruption of the airway epithelial function.

164 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Nov 1984-Thorax
TL;DR: A very significantly (p less than 0.001) greater number of goblet cells were found in the bronchioles of smokers compared than in those of non-smokers but no such difference was evident in terminal/respiratory bronchions.
Abstract: The goblet cell and Clara cell populations of human distal airway epithelium were examined. The bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, and respiratory bronchioles of 16 smokers and four non-smokers were studied by both light and electron microscopy in surgically resected specimens. A very significantly (p less than 0.001) greater number of goblet cells were found in the bronchioles of smokers compared than in those of non-smokers but no such difference was evident in terminal/respiratory bronchioles. Clara cell numbers in contrast were lower in the bronchioles (p less than 0.01) and terminal and respiratory bronchioles of smokers (p less than 0.01). Both of these alterations in cell frequency may adversely affect small airway function in smokers.

164 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 2013-Thorax
TL;DR: A wider role for IL-25 is delineated in mediating structural changes to the lung following allergen exposure and this work implicatesIL-25 as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of airway remodelling in asthma.
Abstract: Background Overexpression of the transforming growth factor β family signalling molecule smad2 in the airway epithelium provokes enhanced allergen-induced airway remodelling in mice, concomitant with elevated levels of interleukin (IL)-25. Objective We investigated whether IL-25 plays an active role in driving this airway remodelling. Methods Anti-IL-25 antibody was given to mice exposed to either inhaled house dust mite (HDM) alone, or in conjunction with an adenoviral smad2 vector which promotes an enhanced remodelling phenotype. Results Blocking IL-25 in allergen-exposed mice resulted in a moderate reduction in pulmonary eosinophilia and levels of T helper type 2 associated cytokines, IL-5 and IL-13. In addition, IL-25 neutralisation abrogated peribronchial collagen deposition, airway smooth muscle hyperplasia and airway hyperreactivity in control mice exposed to HDM and smad2-overexpressing mice. IL-25 was shown to act directly on human fibroblasts to induce collagen secretion. Recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells to the lung and subsequent neovascularisation was also IL-25 dependent, demonstrating a direct role for IL-25 during angiogenesis in vivo. Moreover, the secretion of innate epithelial derived cytokines IL-33 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) was completely ablated. Conclusions In addition to modulating acute inflammation, we now demonstrate a role for IL-25 in orchestrating airway remodelling. IL-25 also drives IL-33 and TSLP production in the lung. These data delineate a wider role for IL-25 in mediating structural changes to the lung following allergen exposure and implicate IL-25 as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of airway remodelling in asthma.

163 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors' method generates large numbers of functional airway basal epithelial cells with the efficiency demanded by clinical transplantation, suggesting its suitability for use in tracheal reconstruction.
Abstract: Rationale: Stem cell–based tracheal replacement represents an emerging therapeutic option for patients with otherwise untreatable airway diseases including long-segment congenital tracheal stenosis and upper airway tumors. Clinical experience demonstrates that restoration of mucociliary clearance in the lungs after transplantation of tissue-engineered grafts is critical, with preclinical studies showing that seeding scaffolds with autologous mucosa improves regeneration. High epithelial cell–seeding densities are required in regenerative medicine, and existing techniques are inadequate to achieve coverage of clinically suitable grafts.Objectives: To define a scalable cell culture system to deliver airway epithelium to clinical grafts.Methods: Human respiratory epithelial cells derived from endobronchial biopsies were cultured using a combination of mitotically inactivated fibroblasts and Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibition using Y-27632 (3T3+Y). Cells were analyzed by immunofluorescence, quant...

162 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: HRV-14 infection upregulated ICAM-1 expression on epithelial cells through increased production of IL-1β, thereby increasing susceptibility to infection, and these events may be important for amplification of airway inflammation after viral infection in asthma.
Abstract: Exacerbations of asthma are often associated with respiratory infection caused by rhinoviruses. To study the effects of rhinovirus infection on respiratory epithelium, a primary target for respirat...

162 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023143
2022222
2021182
2020174
2019149
2018149