Topic
Response regulator
About: Response regulator is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2165 publications have been published within this topic receiving 133121 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
TL;DR: Detailed analyses of a relatively small number of representative proteins provide a foundation for understanding this large family of signaling proteins, which consists of two conserved components, a histidine protein kinase and a response regulator protein.
Abstract: ▪ Abstract Most prokaryotic signal-transduction systems and a few eukaryotic pathways use phosphotransfer schemes involving two conserved components, a histidine protein kinase and a response regul...
3,406 citations
TL;DR: An attempt is made to understand how cross-talk between parallel phosphotransfer pathways can provide a global regulatory curcuitry.
1,633 citations
TL;DR: An integrated understanding of osmoadaptation requires not only knowledge of the function of many uncharacterized genes but also further insight into the time line of events, their interdependence, their dynamics, and their spatial organization as well as the importance of subtle effects.
Abstract: The ability to adapt to altered availability of free water is a fundamental property of living cells. The principles underlying osmoadaptation are well conserved. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an excellent model system with which to study the molecular biology and physiology of osmoadaptation. Upon a shift to high osmolarity, yeast cells rapidly stimulate a mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase cascade, the high-osmolarity glycerol (HOG) pathway, which orchestrates part of the transcriptional response. The dynamic operation of the HOG pathway has been well studied, and similar osmosensing pathways exist in other eukaryotes. Protein kinase A, which seems to mediate a response to diverse stress conditions, is also involved in the transcriptional response program. Expression changes after a shift to high osmolarity aim at adjusting metabolism and the production of cellular protectants. Accumulation of the osmolyte glycerol, which is also controlled by altering transmembrane glycerol transport, is of central importance. Upon a shift from high to low osmolarity, yeast cells stimulate a different MAP kinase cascade, the cell integrity pathway. The transcriptional program upon hypo-osmotic shock seems to aim at adjusting cell surface properties. Rapid export of glycerol is an important event in adaptation to low osmolarity. Osmoadaptation, adjustment of cell surface properties, and the control of cell morphogenesis, growth, and proliferation are highly coordinated processes. The Skn7p response regulator may be involved in coordinating these events. An integrated understanding of osmoadaptation requires not only knowledge of the function of many uncharacterized genes but also further insight into the time line of events, their interdependence, their dynamics, and their spatial organization as well as the importance of subtle effects.
1,589 citations
TL;DR: A two-component system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that regulates an osmosensing MAP kinase cascade is described that contains an aspartate residue in the receiver domain of a cognate response regulator molecule.
Abstract: In the prokaryotic two-component signal transduction systems, recognition of an environmental stimulus by a sensor molecule results in the activation of its histidine kinase domain and phosphorylation of a histidine residue within that domain. This phosphate group is then transferred to an aspartate residue in the receiver domain of a cognate response regulator molecule, resulting in the activation of its output function. Although a few eukaryotic proteins were identified recently that show sequence similarity to the prokaryotic sensors or response regulators, it has not been clear whether they constituted a part of a 'two-component' system. Here we describe a two-component system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that regulates an osmosensing MAP kinase cascade.
1,084 citations
TL;DR: Structural studies of proteins involved in two-component signaling systems have revealed a modular architecture with versatile conserved domains that are readily adapted to the specific needs of individual systems.
958 citations