Topic
Resting energy expenditure
About: Resting energy expenditure is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3332 publications have been published within this topic receiving 130246 citations.
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TL;DR: A predictive equation for resting energy expenditure (REE) was derived from data from 498 healthy subjects, including females and males, aged 19-78 y, and overestimated measured REE by 5% (p less than 0.01).
2,008 citations
TL;DR: Metformin acts primarily by decreasing hepatic glucose output, largely by inhibiting gluconeogenesis, and also seems to induce weight loss, preferentially involving adipose tissue.
Abstract: Background The metabolic effects and mechanism of action of metformin are still poorly understood, despite the fact that it has been used to treat patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) for more than 30 years. Methods In 10 obese patients with NIDDM, we used a combination of isotope dilution, indirect calorimetry, bioimpedance, and tissue-balance techniques to assess the effects of metformin on systemic lactate, glucose, and free-fatty-acid turnover; lactate oxidation and the conversion of lactate to glucose; skeletal-muscle glucose and lactate metabolism; body composition; and energy expenditure before and after four months of treatment. Results Metformin treatment decreased the mean (±SD) glycosylated hemoglobin value from 13.2±2.2 percent to 10.5±1.6 percent (P<0.001) and reduced fasting plasma glucose concentrations from 220±41 to 155±28 mg per deciliter (12.2±0.7 to 8.6±0.5 mmol per liter) (P<0.001). Although resting energy expenditure did not change, the patients lost 2.7±1.3 ...
1,059 citations
TL;DR: Findings suggest that differences in resting muscle metabolism account for part of the variance in metabolic rate among individuals and may play a role in the pathogenesis of obesity.
Abstract: Energy expenditure varies among people, independent of body size and composition, and persons with a "low" metabolic rate seem to be at higher risk of gaining weight. To assess the importance of skeletal muscle metabolism as a determinant of metabolic rate, 24-h energy expenditure, basal metabolic rate (BMR), and sleeping metabolic rate (SMR) were measured by indirect calorimetry in 14 subjects (7 males, 7 females; 30 +/- 6 yr [mean +/- SD]; 79.1 +/- 17.3 kg; 22 +/- 7% body fat), and compared to forearm oxygen uptake. Values of energy expenditure were adjusted for individual differences in fat-free mass, fat mass, age, and sex. Adjusted BMR and SMR, expressed as deviations from predicted values, correlated with forearm resting oxygen uptake (ml O2/liter forearm) (r = 0.72, P less than 0.005 and r = 0.53, P = 0.05, respectively). These findings suggest that differences in resting muscle metabolism account for part of the variance in metabolic rate among individuals and may play a role in the pathogenesis of obesity.
819 citations
TL;DR: Greater amounts of visceral and hepatic adipose tissue, in conjunction with the lack of a possible protective effect of estrogen, may be related to higher insulin resistance in men compared with women.
726 citations
TL;DR: The Harris Benedict equations accurately predict resting energy expenditure in normally nourished individuals with a precision of +/- 14%, but are unreliable in the malnourished patient.
693 citations