Topic
Reverse osmosis
About: Reverse osmosis is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 20780 publications have been published within this topic receiving 299185 citations. The topic is also known as: RO.
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TL;DR: A review of the use of membrane processes for concentrated fruit juice processing can be found in this paper, where major attentions are focused on the application of new membrane processes and integrated membrane systems.
474 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the development of RO membranes with improved flux and salt rejection, chlorine tolerance, fouling resistance and thermal stability is presented, focusing on the modification of current polymeric membrane materials, and synthesis and separation performance of new polymer membranes, inorganic membranes, and mixed matrix membranes.
Abstract: Reverse osmosis (RO) desalination is one of the main technologies for producing fresh water from seawater and other saline water sources. The membrane properties greatly affect the water productivity and energy costs in the reverse osmosis desalinatin processes. Recent years have seen significant research efforts devoted to developing high-performance RO membranes. This article reviews recent activities in the development of RO membranes with improved flux and salt rejection, chlorine tolerance, fouling resistance and thermal stability. In particular, this review mainly focuses on the modification of current polymeric membrane materials, and synthesis and separation performance of new polymer membranes, inorganic membranes and mixed matrix membranes.
474 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the literature on concentration polarization in ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis is presented, with specific models such as surface renewal, and experimental methods such as laser-based refractometry, for quantification of the problem.
474 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the literature on the fouling phenomena in reverse osmosis (RO) membrane systems, the analytical techniques used to quantify fouling, preventive methods, and membrane cleaning strategies and made specific recommendations on how scientists, engineers, and technical staff can assist in improving the performance of these systems through fundamental and applied research.
Abstract: Desalination by using reverse osmosis (RO) membranes has become very popular for producing freshwater from brackish water and seawater. Membrane lifetime and permeate flux, however, are primarily affected by the phenomena of concentration polarization and fouling at the membrane surface. The scope of the current paper was to critically review the literature on the fouling phenomena in RO and ultrafiltration (UF) membrane systems, the analytical techniques used to quantify fouling, preventive methods, and membrane cleaning strategies. The paper also makes specific recommendations on how scientists, engineers, and technical staff can assist in improving the performance of these systems through fundamental and applied research.
468 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the use of a streaming potential analyzer to measure the zeta potential of composite polyamide reverse osmosis membranes is reported. And the results indicate that Humic substances strongly adsorb onto the surface of the reverse Osmosis membrane and thus alter the surface charge of the membranes.
461 citations