Topic
Reverse osmosis
About: Reverse osmosis is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 20780 publications have been published within this topic receiving 299185 citations. The topic is also known as: RO.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
TL;DR: In this article, the feasibility of using microfiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis to recover sulfuric acid, separate noble metals, and produce high quality reuse water from a gold mining effluent, specifically from a pressure-oxidation process effluent.
111 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the pore-size effects of graphyne sheet have been investigated for nanoscale desalination to achieve both high water permeability and salt rejection rate, and extensive molecular dynamics simulations on pore size effects suggest that γ-graphyne-4, with 4 acetylene bonds between two adjacent phenyl rings, has the best performance with 100% salt rejection and an unprecedented water-permeability, to the knowledge of the authors.
Abstract: Graphyne sheet exhibits promising potential for nanoscale desalination to achieve both high water permeability and salt rejection rate. Extensive molecular dynamics simulations on pore-size effects suggest that γ-graphyne-4, with 4 acetylene bonds between two adjacent phenyl rings, has the best performance with 100% salt rejection and an unprecedented water permeability, to our knowledge, of ~13 L/cm2/day/MPa, 3 orders of magnitude higher than prevailing commercial membranes based on reverse osmosis, and ~10 times higher than the state-of-the-art nanoporous graphene. Strikingly, water permeability across graphyne exhibits unexpected nonlinear dependence on the pore size. This counter-intuitive behavior is attributed to the quantized nature of water flow at the nanoscale, which has wide implications in controlling nanoscale water transport and designing highly effective membranes.
111 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the transition process in reverse osmosis (RO) module configuration has been discussed and a transition from cellulose acetate membranes to thin film composite polyamide flat-sheet membranes in a spiral wound configuration is discussed.
Abstract: During the half century of development from a laboratory discovery to plants capable of producing up to half a million tons of desalinated seawater per day, reverse osmosis (RO) technology has undergone rapid transition. This transition process has caused signification transformation and consolidation in membrane chemistry, module design, and RO plant configuration and operation. From the early days, when cellulose acetate membranes were used in hollow fiber module configuration, technology has transitioned to thin film composite polyamide flat-sheet membranes in a spiral wound configuration. Early elements — about 4 inch in diameter during the early 70s — displayed flow rates approaching 250 L/h and sodium chloride rejection of about 98.5%. One of today's 16-inch diameter elements is capable of delivering 15–30 times more permeate (4000–8000 L/h) with 5–8 times less salt passage (hence a rejection rate of 99.7% or higher). This paper focuses on the transition process in RO module configuration, and how i...
111 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a surface modified polyamide (PA) thin film composite (TFC) membrane was prepared using in-situ polymerization of sorbitol polyglycidyl ether (SPGE) on the membrane surface.
111 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, layered interfacial polymerization (LIP) is used for fabricating TFC membranes with unprecedented nanoscale control in the permselective layer thickness and smoothness, coupled with the advantage of industrial scale manufacturability.
111 citations