Topic
Reverse osmosis
About: Reverse osmosis is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 20780 publications have been published within this topic receiving 299185 citations. The topic is also known as: RO.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
TL;DR: In this article, the design process of a mini-grid hybrid power system with reverse osmosis desalination plant for remote areas, together with an economic analysis and environmental considerations for the project life cycle are discussed.
138 citations
TL;DR: A second law analysis of a reverse osmosis desalination plant is carried out using reliable seawater exergy formulation instead of a common model in literature that represents seawater as an ideal mixture of liquid water and solid sodium chloride as mentioned in this paper.
138 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the design of a stand-alone hybrid wind-PV system to power a seawater reverse osmosis desalination unit, with energy recovery using a simplified spreadsheet model, was presented.
138 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the viability of ULPRO and NF membranes as potential techniques to treat produced water by meeting water quality standards and concentrating iodide in the brine.
137 citations
TL;DR: A new synergistic approach to antifouling, by coupling surface modification and drinking-water-level chlorination is enabled by the films' unique resistance against chlorine degradation, which substantially enhances longer-term fouling resistance compared with surface modification or chlorination alone.
Abstract: Water scarcity affects one in three people in the world.[1] With nearly 98% of the world's available water supply being seawater or brackish water, desalination has become an important means to address the scarcity of freshwater resources. Thin film composite (TFC) reverse osmosis (RO) membranes enable the removal of salt ions from seawater at room temperature by applying pressure to the seawater feed. TFC-RO has quickly become the dominating desalination method since its commercialization in the 1980s and is now used in nearly all RO desalination plants.[2] TFC-RO is considered to have the greatest water permeability with high salt rejection rate.[2] The bottleneck of TFC-RO to produce freshwater via seawater desalination at a comparable price to natural freshwater is severe membrane fouling, which impairs water permeation and salt rejection and thus reduces freshwater yield. Currently, marine biota and in particular bacteria are removed from the feed by pretreatment, the most energy-intensive (responsible for >36% of total plant energy consumption) and chemical-intensive step in a desalination plant and one that poses environmental risks to marine organisms when treated water is discharged back into the ocean.[2] Fouling-resistant RO membranes would bring major improvements in energy usage, process reliability and lower the environmental impact of seawater desalination.
137 citations