Showing papers on "Rhinal sulcus published in 2016"

Three-dimensional probability maps of the rhinal and the collateral sulci in the human brain

Abstract: The sulcal segments of the collateral sulcal complex on the medial part of the temporal lobe delineate the parahippocampal gyrus involved in memory processing from the laterally adjacent fusiform gyrus. The rhinal sulcus delineates the entorhinal cortex on the anterior portion of the parahippocampal gyrus. Posterior to the rhinal sulcus lies the collateral sulcus proper which delineates the parahippocampal cortex that occupies the posterior part of the parahippocampal gyrus. A small sulcus, the parahippocampal extension of the collateral sulcus, runs transversely within the parahippocampal gyrus. The rhinal sulcus, the collateral sulcus proper, and the parahippocampal extension of the collateral sulcus were identified on magnetic resonance images of 40 healthy human brains and probability maps were created to provide quantification of the location variability within standard stereotaxic space. These probability maps can act as a reference frame for the accurate identification of key components of the parahippocampal region and assist in the interpretation of structural and functional changes obtained in neuroimaging studies.

Temporal lobe anatomy: eight imaging signs to facilitate interpretation of MRI.

Abstract: The temporal lobe is anatomically and functionally complex. However, relatively few radiologic signs are described to facilitate recognition of temporal lobe sulci and gyri in clinical practice. We devised and tested 8 radiologic signs of temporal lobe anatomy. Images from volumetric magnetization-prepared rapid gradient-echo imaging were analyzed of 100 temporal lobes from 26 female and 24 male patients. Patient age ranged from 1 to 79 years (mean 19 years; standard deviation 16 years). Standardized axial, coronal, and sagittal planes were evaluated and cross-referenced. Eight signs to delineate the superior temporal gyrus, Heschl gyrus (HG), parahippocampal gyrus, rhinal sulcus, collateral sulcus proper, or the occipitotemporal sulcus, or a combination, were evaluated in the sagittal or axial plane. Two neuroradiologists independently evaluated each sign; the sign was considered present only with positive reader agreement. All 8 signs were present in most patients. The most frequent signs were the posterior insular corner to identify HG in the axial plane (100 %), pointed STG to identify STG in the axial plane (98 %), and parahippocampal Y to identify the posterior parahippocampal gyrus in the sagittal plane (98 %). The frequencies were similar between the right and left cerebral hemispheres. Temporal lobe gyri and sulci can be reliably identified in multiple planes using anatomic signs.