Rice bran oil

About: Rice bran oil is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2102 publications have been published within this topic receiving 32504 citations.

Cholesterol-Lowering by Rice Bran and Rice Bran Oil Unsaponifiable Matter in Hamsters

Abstract: Cereal Chem. 73(1):69‐74 Unsaponfiable matter (U) was prepared from both raw and extrusion stabilized (130°C) rice bran and tested for cholesterol-lowering activity in hamsters by addition to diets containing cellulose, raw rice bran, or stabilized rice bran at either the level found in the rice bran diet (0.4%, 1X) or twice that level (2X). All diets contained 0.3% cholesterol, 10% total dietary fiber, 10.1% fat, and 3% N (same plant-to-animal N ratio). After 21 days, plasma cholesterol was significantly reduced by rice bran diets containing added U compared to the cellulose control diet, while the high density lipoprotein cholesterol-to-low density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio remained unchanged in all treatment groups. Liver cholesterol was significantly reduced by all rice bran-containing diets and with cellulose diets containing 2X added U when compared to the control diet. Rice bran diets plus added U resulted in cholesterol values lower than cellulose diets containing the same level of U. Stabilization of rice bran did not appear to affect the plasma and liver cholesterol responses to the unsaponifiable matter prepared from the extracted o il. There appears to be a dose response to rice bran unsaponifiable matter in plasma and liver cholesterol reductions. After 2 weeks, fecal fat and neutral sterol excretion were significantly greater with all treatment diets compared to the control diet. Fecal fat was negatively correlated with liver as well as plasma cholesterol (r = ‐0.97, P ≤ 0.0001 and ‐0.91, P ≤ 0.0006, respectively). Under the conditions of this study, cholesterol-lowering activity of rice bran is present in its unsaponifiable matter in add ition to other components. Increased fecal excretion of fat and neutral sterols appears to be a possible mechanism for cholesterol-lowering by rice bran. Hypocholesterolemic effects of rice bran and some of its fractions (neutral detergent fiber, hemicellulose, rice bran oil, and unsaponifiable matter) have been observed (Suzuki and Oshima 1970; Ayano et al 1980; Ishibashi and Yamamoto 1980; Suzuki 1982; Sugano et al 1984; Sharma and Rukmini 1986, 1987; Seetharamaiah and Chandrasekhara 1988, 1989; Raghuram et al 1989; Hegsted et al 1992; Nicolosi et al 1991). We have previously reported plasma and liver cholesterol-lowering with stabilized full-fat rice bran, and liver cholesterol-lowering with defatted rice bran when combined with rice bran oil or degummeddewaxed rice bran oil (Kahlon et al 1990; 1992a,b) in cholesterolfed hamsters. In the study reported here, male hamsters were fed 0.3% cholesterol diets to evaluate the cholesterol-lowering activity of raw vs. extrusion-stabilized (130 °C) rice bran and of unsaponifiable matter (U) prepared from raw or stabilized rice bran and added to diets at two concentrations. Raw rice bran and its U were investigated to determine the effects of the stabilization process on cholesterol-lowering properties.

A review of the research progress on the bioactive ingredients and physiological activities of rice bran oil

Abstract: Rice bran oil is not only a nutritious vegetable oil, but also a specialty oil with unique properties and many health benefits. Good stability, appealing flavor and long fry-life enable rice bran oil be used for frying and also to make margarine and shortening and advanced nutritional oils. More importantly, rice bran oil has been reported to have a high potential for making pharmaceuticals and cosmeceuticals. Rice bran oil has surprisingly high levels of nutraceutical components, such as oryzanol, fat-soluble vitamins, sitosterol, other plant sterols and other nutrients. Thus, rice bran oil has been a study focus in relation to its function and application in many countries in the world, as well as a family’s daily health edible oil. This paper summarizes the research progress on the bioactive ingredients and the physiological activities of rice bran oil.

Recovery of γ-oryzanol from rice bran oil byproduct using supercritical fluid extraction

Abstract: The residue of fatty acids distillation from rice bran oil soapstock (RFAD-RBOS) is a byproduct from rice bran oil industry It contains a large amount of γ-oryzanol, which is a valuable antioxidant The main objective of this work was to investigate the recovery of γ-oryzanol from the RFAD-RBOS using supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) The Soxhlet technique was conducted in order to compare results with SFE The influence of process parameters over SFE was evaluated in terms of global yield, γ-oryzanol content, γ-oryzanol recovery rate, and fatty acids composition The mathematical modeling of SFE overall extraction curve (OEC) was also investigated The condition of 30 MPa/303 K presented the maximum global yield (39 ± 1%, w/w), maximum γ-oryzanol recovery rate (313%, w/w), relatively high γ-oryzanol content (32%, w/w), and significant presence of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids The logistic model presented the best fit to experimental OEC

Comparative Study on the Total Phenolic Content and Radical Scavenging Activity of Common Edible Vegetable Oils

Abstract: The study investigates the antioxidant potential of commonly used vegetable oils viz., coconut (CNO), sunflower (SFO), rice bran (RBO), groundnut (GNO), sesame (SESO) and mustard oil (MO), where the oils were extracted with methanol; and these methanolic extracts were used for the antioxidant studies. Fatty acid composition by gas chromatography, physicochemical parameters such as specific gravity, refractive index, acid value, iodine value and peroxide value were also analysed. Total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activities of the oils (DPPH, ABTS, superoxide and nitric oxide radical scavenging assays) were evaluated. Phenolic compounds were identified by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Percentage TPC was highest in groundnut oil with 3.09 mg/100 g oil followed by coconut oil, rice bran oil, mustard oil, sunflower oil and sesame oil with 1.8, 0.89, 0.56, 0.49 and 0.33 mg/100 g oil, respectively. The methanolic extracts of oils showed potential antioxidant activity in terms of super oxide and nitric oxide radical scavenging activity. Practical Applications The present study indicated that vegetable oils can contribute to the dietary intake of antioxidants, depending on the processing condition. This is the first study of its kind to investigate and compare the phenolic content by HPLC and also the radical scavenging activity (DPPH, ABTS, superoxide and nitric oxide) of different oils. It was observed that the unrefined oils posses better antioxidant activity than the refined oils, which imply the importance of optimizing and/or modifying the existing steps in the vegetable oil processing to retain the polyphenolic content in vegetable oil without compromising other physicochemical parameters. The study has brought out the importance of polyphenolic compounds in vegetable oil as radical scavenging agents that could be beneficial in the management of many degenerative diseases. This may provide vegetable oils a new dimension in health management other than its traditional uses.