Topic
Rotary kiln
About: Rotary kiln is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 7392 publications have been published within this topic receiving 32453 citations.
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TL;DR: Examples of commercial and semi-commercial scale tyre pyrolysis systems show that small scale batch reactors and continuous rotary kiln reactors have been developed to commercial scale.
535 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the pilot-scale pyrolysis of scrap tires in a continuous rotary kiln reactor was investigated at temperatures between 450 and 650 °C, and the char yield remained constant with a mean of 39.2−42.8 wt %.
Abstract: The pilot-scale pyrolysis of scrap tires in a continuous rotary kiln reactor was investigated at temperatures between 450 and 650 °C. As the reactor temperature increased, the char yield remained constant with a mean of 39.8 wt %. The oil yield reached a maximum value of 45.1 wt % at 500 °C. The pyrolytic derived oils can be used as liquid fuels because of their high heating value (40−42 MJ/kg), excellent viscosity (1.6−3.7 cS), and reasonable sulfur content (0.97−1.54 wt %). The true-boiling-point distillation test showed that there was a 39.2−42.3 wt % light naphtha fraction in the pyrolytic oil. The volatile aromatics were quantified in the naphtha fraction using gas chromatography−mass spectrometry. The maximum concentrations of benzene, toluene, xylene, styrene, and limonene in the oil were 2.09 wt %, 7.24 wt %, 2.13 wt %, and 5.44 wt %, respectively. The abundant presence of aromatic groups was also confirmed by functional group Fourier transform infrared analysis. The concentration of polycyclic ar...
222 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, an energy audit analysis of a dry type rotary kiln system working in a cement plant in Turkey was conducted and it was found that about 40% of the total input energy was being lost through hot flue gas (19.15%), cooler stack (5.61%), and kiln shell (15.11% convection plus radiation).
217 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the main methods for utilising waste is its use as an energy source, and the main method for using waste is to use as a fuel if it has a chemical energy content, depending most of all on the size of the combustible fraction and on the moisture content.
169 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a rotary kiln was set-up and operated in the solar furnace of DLR for thermal reduction and oxidation of cobalt oxide, with 30 cycles performed with one batch showing no evident degradation of the material.
153 citations