Showing papers on "Rotational speed published in 1981"

Method and apparatus for controlling internal combustion engines

Abstract: In accordance with an amount of a change or a proportion of the change of at least one of operating parameters, such as a crankshaft rotational speed, an intake pipe pressure, etc., of an internal combustion engine equipped with an electronically controlled fuel injection system, or a rate of incremental change of the amount of the change or the proportion of the change and in dependence on whether air-fuel ratio feedback compensation by the use of an oxygen sensor is effected or not, at least one of control variables, such as a fuel injection quantity, ignition timing, etc., is corrected to ensure stable control of the rotational speed of the engine during its idling and low speed operations.

Speed control circuit for an electric power tool

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling the rotational speed of an electronically controlled power tool in both the forward and reverse direction When the reversing switch is placed in the reverse direction, the electronic speed control circuit automatically limits the speed of the motor to a predetermined maximum value The speed control circuit also is adapted to sense a change in the state of the reversing switch and remove power to the motor until it coasts down to a relatively slow speed or to zero before reapplying power in the opposite direction The speed control circuit monitors the rotational speed of the motor by means of a tachogenerator comprising a ring magnet mounted on the rearward end of the rotor shaft of the motor outboard of the commutator-end bearings and a Hall effect device mounted to the peripheral flange of a carrier which encircles the ring magnet so that the ring magnet and Hall effect device are separated by a small radially extending gap

Torque transmission device

Abstract: A torque transmission device for eliminating the transmission of tortional vibration from a driving shaft to a driven shaft comprises a clutch capable of controlled slippage so that the speed of rotation of the driven shaft is lower than the speed of the driving shaft. Slippage of the clutch is controlled by sensing the speed of rotation and the fluctuation of the speed of rotating of the driving shaft and the speed of rotation of the driven shaft and regulating slippage so that the difference in rotation speed between the two shafts is greater than the fluctuation in rotation speed of the driving shaft. The clutch may be an electromagnetic clutch of which the exciting current is controlled or a friction clutch actuated by controlled hydraulic pressure. The clutch may be in parallel with a fluid coupling.

Vertical axis wind turbine

Abstract: A wind turbine is disclosed comprising blade forms mounted for limited pivotal movement as they proceed around an orbital path A torque sensitive control means is provided to progressively limit the pivotal movement of the blade forms in response to changes in the rotational speed of the turbine so that high torque and efficiency is obtained throughout the operational range of the turbine

Digital motor speed controller

Abstract: Control apparatus for a polyphase, brushless dc electric motor includes a programmed microprocessor which responds to signals indicative of rotor position and rotational speed to selectively energize the windings of the motor and effect a desired speed. The apparatus is compact, readily fabricated, and more reliable than hardwired control circuitry.

Rotational speed controlling apparatus for recording disc

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the rotational speed of a recording disc (22) to a constant linear velocity. The apparatus has frequency control circuit (24, 28, 30, 50, 52) and a phase control circuit (24, 28, 30, 32, 34, 38, 40, 42, 46) which detect the variations of the frequency and phase of the digital information signal reproduced from the disc, to detect the rotation speed of the disc. The rotation of the disc is controlled in response to the control signals from the frequency and phase controle circuits to a constant linear velocity.

Method of and apparatus for controlling the air intake of an internal combustion engine

Abstract: The sectional area of an air bypass passage which bypasses a throttle valve in an intake passage of an internal combustion engine is increased or decreased depending upon the difference between the actual rotational speed of the engine and the variable reference rotational speed. The variable reference rotational speed is additionally increased by an incremental value during the starting of the engine.

Method and apparatus for regulating the differential rpm of two rotating parts

Abstract: A method and apparatus for regulating the differential rpm of two rotating parts, such as the external drum and internal worm conveyor of a worm centrifuge, undertakes an electronic measurement and sampling of the rotational during the course of operation of a particular device under speeds of each part and supplies this information to a microprocessor which calculates the respective rotational speeds of the parts and relays a signal to the drive device for one of the parts in order to maintain a preselected rpm differential between the rotational speeds of the two parts. Different characteristic curves are stored in the microprocessor for optimum rpm differential during the course of operation of a particular device under different conditions, such as for different sludge consistencies in the case of use with a centrifuge. If deviation of the actual rotational speed of one of the parts from the optimum value is detected, the microprocessor operates to return operation to the optimum values.

Method of and system for monitoring bearing conditions

Abstract: A method of and a system for monitoring the conditions of a journal bearing having a bearing surface for supporting a rotatable shaft through an oil film. Detectors detect the speed of rotation of the shaft and the pressure of the oil film. The load on the journal bearing is calculated based on the rotational speed of the shaft and the pressure of the oil film.

Differential speed limiting device

Abstract: A differential speed limiting device is for limiting the relative rotational speed between a first member and a second member of a differential which are capable of independent rotation about a common axis of rotation. A plurality of friction discs are alternatively secured to the first and second members and capable of being axially compressed to generate frictional contact therebetween tending to reduce the relative rotation between the first and second members. A peristaltic pump is mounted relative to the members so that relative rotation therebetween produces a peristaltic pumping of fluid which can be applied to the input side of a force multiplier to cause an output side of the force multiplier to operate an annular bellows to produce the axial movement required to compress the plurality of friction discs.

Speed measurement system with means for calculating the exact time period of a known quantity of speed pulses

Abstract: A digital speed measurement circuit for an engine includes a magnetic pick-up positioned adjacent an engine-driven gear having a substantial number of teeth so that the pick-up produces a number of speed pulses per revolution of the gear. These pulses are shaped into square waves by a signal conditioning circuit and connected through a synchronizing circuit which responds to the trailing edge of each square wave to produce a triggering pulse, with each triggering pulse supplied to a tooth counter. A high speed clock is connected to a second counter which is reset with each triggering pulse. Sampling pulses are produced in an associated control system which is not coordinated with the speed pulse but which are longer in duration than any of the speed pulses and which control the flow of tooth counts to the tooth counter. Memory circuits retain the high speed counts measuring the intervals between a triggering pulse and the beginning of a sampling pulse and between the end of the sampling pulse and the triggering pulse immediately preceding. Another counter counts the high speed counts occurring during the sampling pulse period. These factors are combined as described to provide a high speed count of a new measuring interval exactly related to the speed pulse count and which is combined with the speed pulse count to provide a digital signal which accurately represents a desired function of engine rotational speed.

Method and apparatus for controlling an internal combustion engine

Abstract: A method for controlling an internal combustion engine by controlling the amount of the fuel injection and the ignition timing of the engine using the output signal of a computer which takes the signals produced by the air intake pressure sensor and the rotational speed sensor, calculates the air intake pressure difference ΔPm between the preceding and the present time unit and the rotational speed difference ΔN between the preceding and the present time unit, calculates the correction value from the calculated ΔPm and ΔN, and modifies the control value for the engine.

Mode selecting device for a video signal reproducing apparatus

Abstract: A mode selecting device for a video tape reproducing apparatus of the type in which a magnetic tape is transported past rotary magnetic heads, includes a control shaft adapted to rotate about an axis, a control knob connected to the upper end of the control shaft for manually controlling the rotation of the control shaft, a photo-disk rotatable with the control shaft, a pair of photo-detectors associated with the photo-disk for detecting the rotational speed, the angular position and the direction of rotation of the control shaft about the axis, a latch mechanism for maintaining the control shaft in either a first or second axial position along the axis and for effecting successive change-overs between the first and second axial positions in response to successive depressions of the control knob, the speed of movement of the tape being controlled in response to the detection of the angular position when the control shaft is maintained in the first axial position and the speed of movement of the tape being controlled in response to the detection of the rotational speed when the control shaft is maintained in the second axial position.

Wheel speed measuring circuit

Abstract: A wheel speed measuring circuit includes a counter controlled by a wheel speed signal having a frequency proportional to the rotational speed of the wheel sensed by a wheel speed sensor associated with a wheel; a comparator for comparing the digital output of the counter with a predetermined digital value; a wheel speed generating circuit for generating a digital output corresponding to the rotational speed of the wheel on the basis of the output of the comparator; and a pulse generator for generating pulses of a frequency proportional to the digital output of the wheel speed generating circuit, the pulse generator receiving the digital output of the wheel speed generating circuit, wherein the counter receives the output pulses of the pulse generator to count the output pulses thereof for the period of the wheel speed signal or for a time interval relating to the period of the wheel speed signal, and the digital output of the counter is compared with the predetermined digital value in the comparator.

Stepless speed change machine

Abstract: PURPOSE:To improve the controllability of a speed changing machine, by coupling two planetary gears with a three-shaft gear train and reversibly performing their rotational operation. CONSTITUTION:A gear train 40 interposed between a driven shaft 13 and the second element 32 of planetary gears 30 in constituted by a three-shaft gear train 50, consisting of an input gear 51 coaxially arranged with the driven shaft 13, an output gear 52 coaxially arranged with the second element 32 of the planetary gears and an intermediate gear 53 always meshed to these of the input gear 51 and output gear 52, and a planetary gear train 60 coaxially arranged with the input gear 51 or output gear 52 of the three-shaft gear train 50 and variable speed shiftable in two steps of direct coupling and forward rotational speed reduction. Through the before described three-shaft gear train 50 and planetary gear train 60, the power is selectively transmitted from the driven shaft 13 to the second element 32 of the planetary gears, and fully within a prescribed range of the rotational speed ratio, the speed change ratio in forward and reverse rotations can be continuously changed to improve the controllability of a device.

Apparatus for preventing a vehicle battery from being overdischarged

Abstract: The voltage of the vehicle battery is checked to see whether the voltage is below a predetermined value or not When the battery voltage is below the predetermined value, the engine crankshaft rotational speed is raised by increasing the amount of air fed to the engine so that the rotational speed of the alternator driven by the engine increases resulting in an increase in the charging current

Low or flat tire warning system

Abstract: An aircraft low or flat tire flight deck warning system monitors the rotational speed and thus, the condition of the tires. A differential tire rotational speed signal is compared to a variable reference by a comparator which generates a warning signal when the differential signal is greater than or equal to the reference. The reference signal is derived from one of the tire rotation signals or from an independent ground speed signal and is therefore proportional to the rotational speed of a properly inflated tire and to the aircraft ground speed. Separate references and comparators cooperate to generate separate warning signals for distinct dangerous tire conditions. The warning signals are inhibited under a variety of conditions.

Apparatus for and method of compensating dynamic unbalance

Abstract: Compensation is provided for dynamic unbalance imparted to a fixed body by a rotating body that is connected to the fixed body by a shaft about which the rotating body rotates. Force components exerted on the fixed body by the rotating body in a plane at right angles to the axis are determined. In response to the determined force components, the rotational speed and effective direction of mass means mounted on the rotating body are controlled. The mass means has an effective axis of rotation in a plane at right angles to the longitudinal axis.

Contactless ignition system for internal combustion engine

Abstract: A contactless ignition system for an internal combustion engine comprises a signal generator generating an AC signal synchronously with the rotation of the engine, a resistor detecting primary current supplied to an ignition coil, a circuit detecting the rising time of the primary current until the primary current attains a predetermined level, and a circuit producing a signal proportional to the rotational speed of the engine. On the basis of the signal indicative of the rising time of the primary current supplied to the ignition coil and the signal proportional to the rotational speed of the engine, an off-time control signal for controlling the off-time of the ignition coil is generated in which the ratio between the duration of the primary current supplied to the ignition coil, being maintained at the predetermined level, and the ignition period is maintained constant. The off-time of the ignition coil is controlled only when the rotational period of the engine is shorter than a predetermined setting.

Method of levelling out variations of a fibre sliver and apparatus for implementing the method

Abstract: An autolevelling drawframe for levelling out staple fibre slivers in the spinning mill operation, in which deviations of the sliver weight (linear density) from the preset desired value detected are processed into correcting signals and are transmitted to a correcting member, which adapts the input speed of the drafting arrangement. The correcting signal transmitted is generated from the product of a voltage proportional to the rotational speed of the main motor and a voltage determined by the deviation in linear density. The apparatus consists of a computer (34,41; 60,41; 67,71) for computing the correcting signal, which computer is connected electrically with the correcting member (48), with a transducer (20) transmitting the voltage proportional to the rotational speed of the main motor, and with means for generating the voltage determined by the deviation in linear density. The computer can consist of a control device (36) and a multiplicator (41) or of a microprocessor (71) (digital computer).

A Development of the Fuel Atomizing Device Utilizing High Rotational Speed

Abstract: A fuel atomizing device was developed for a combustor of a small gas turbine engine. The device is a rotary atomizer in which liquid fuel is supplied through a stationary nozzle onto a specially shaped disc rotating with a high tangential velocity (over 200 m/sec). The rotary atomizer has shown remarkably good atomization characteristics when used in the engine. The mean droplet size of the atomizer is explained by the following equation for water: SMD = 0.033 • U−0.7 • Q0.2 • D0.3. The SMD for fuel can be evaluated by the correlation of: SMD∞(σ/ρ)0.5. The performance together with its configurations will be discussed in detail.Copyright © 1981 by ASME

Rotational speed controlling device for automatic transmissions using sliding engagement piece

Abstract: A rotational speed number controlling device for automatic transmissions for changing speeds by automatically changing a plurality of centrifugal clutches in response to the number of revolutions of the engine wherein a sliding piece is connected to a rotary shaft to which the rotation of a low speed side centrifugal clutch is to be transmitted so as to be able to transmit rotations and to be slidable in the axial direction in response to the driving torque so that the number of engaging rotations of a high speed side centrifugal clutch may be varied by the sliding of the above mentioned sliding piece caused in response to the driving torque. For example, in the case of a quick acceleration at the time of the second speed running in an automatic three-speed transmission, the high speed side centrifugal clutch may not be immediately engaged but the second speed state may be maintained until a sufficient acceleration and then the high speed side centrifugal clutch may be engaged.

Numerical controller for cam grinding machine

Abstract: A numerical controller for a cam grinding machine, which has a cam drive unit and a grinding wheel drive unit, includes a memory for storing profile data of a cam corresponding to angular positions thereof. A data processor is provided for reading out the profile data from the memory so as to generate a rotational speed command indicating a rotational speed of the cam and a feed rate command indicating a feed rate of the grinding wheel at every unit angle rotation of the cam, wherein the rotational speed command and the feed rate command are so decided as to reduce the rotational speed of the cam and the feed rate of the grinding wheel while the side portions of the cam are ground. A pulse distribution circuit is connected to the data processor and responsive to the rotational speed command and the feed rate command therefrom for distributing pulses to the cam drive unit and the grinding wheel drive unit.

Ignition timing control device

Abstract: PURPOSE:To prevent uncomfortable vibration of the vehicle caused by oscillation of ignition time during acceleration time, by a method wherein making smooth at least one side of the parameters, in the subject device using rotation speed and quantity of fuel injection as parameters. CONSTITUTION:Crank angle sensor 1 detects rotation speed N, and air flow meter 2 detects the amount of suctioned air Q. Based on this detected value, fuel injection pulse width Tp is obtained by arithmetic circuit 16, and ignition time by ignition time arithmetic circuit 20. Ignition device 11 is operated by the above arrangement. Now the smoothing circuit 18, 19 output smoothed pulse width Tp' and smoothed rotation speed N', and the injection time will not be oscillated even pulse width Tp and/or rotation speed N oscillate at short frequency under acceleration time.

Shaft position synchronization means for multiple synchronous induction motors

Abstract: The exact shaft angle position synchronization of two or more ordinary synchronous induction motors is provided. One motor, serving as the master, is powered directly from a source of alternating current. Each additional motor, which may be of a different size or type, is slaved to the intrinsic rotational speed of the master through the inherent electrical speed synchronization wrought by being excited by a common alternating current power source. Each slave motor is further synchronized by this invention to attain, and subsequently hold, an exact angular shaft position relative to the master. The position of the master and each slave motor shaft position is constantly measured, thereby producing several trains of electrical pulses which are compared. When an error exists, an electrical signal is produced which acts with the a.c. excitation applied to the slave motor so as to controllably retard its rotational velocity, thereby causing the angular shaft position to the slave motor to slip, or be retarded, relative to the angular position of the master motor shaft. When the angle of the slave has slipped sufficiently, and generally less than 360 degrees, the pulse train produced by the master and the slave achieve momentary coincidence and the electrical retardation of the slave motor ceases. The subsequent result is a mechanical synchronization of the angular shaft position of each motor, which is then maintained in that useful relationship by the nature of their common speed synchronization with the alternating current source frequency.

Motor speed control circuit

Abstract: A motor speed control system controls the rotation speed of the motor in accordance with the pulse width of a speed control pulse signal applied to the motor speed control system. The speed control pulse signal is not directly applied to the motor, but is converted to a voltage signal having a voltage level which corresponds to the pulse width of the speed control pulse signal. The converting system includes a charge/discharge circuit for varying a charge voltage level of a capacitor in accordance with the differences of the actual rotation speed of the motor and the desired rotation speed of the motor represented by the speed control pulse signal. The charge voltage level stored in the capacitor is applied to the motor to drive it.

Phase control circuit and magnetic reproducing apparatus using the same

Abstract: A phase control circuit for improving the stability after a predictable rotational speed change of a rotating apparatus and a magnetic reproducing apparatus for performing slow motion reproduction by means of intermittent tape transport and yet being free from transverse swings of the reproduced picture comprises a phase shift circuit which shifts the phase of the reference signal, which is produced by dividing a source signal, at a desired rate, to maintain the phase locked at the very moment during which the rotational speed change is changing. The relative speed of the magnetic head rotation is kept constant during the intermittent tape movement under the condition of the phase being locked.

Air-conditioning control apparatus for automotive vehicles

Abstract: In an automobile air-conditioning control apparatus, in accordance with a setting temperature signal and an actual temperature signal, a microcomputer controls the rotational speed of blower motors and shifts the direction of flow changing plates, so that the control between a concentrated blowing condition and an overall blowing condition may be effected successively and gradually.