Ruby laser

About: Ruby laser is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2474 publications have been published within this topic receiving 38933 citations. The topic is also known as: corundum laser & ruby rod.

Non-resonant multiphoton ionisation of caesium in strong fields

Abstract: Non-resonant k-photon ionisation cross sections may be calculated by kth order perturbative treatment. This method is generally considered to be good when the detuning from the closest resonance is much larger than the expected shift and width of this resonance. The aim of this paper is to discuss the validity of this criterion for several realistic cases. By diagonalising an effective Hamiltonian built on a few quasi-resonant states, we have calculated multiphoton ionisation cross sections for ground state caesium by linearly polarised light in frequency ranges containing the tuning range of the ruby laser, the Nd glass laser and its first harmonic. The study is carried out up to an intensity of 1011 W cm-2.

8C9 - Observation of cooperative effects and determination of the electron and ion temperatures in a plasma from the scattering of a ruby laser beam

Abstract: Observations have been made on the forward scattering of a Q -spoiled ruby laser beam from a hydrogen plasma which show clearly both the central ion peak and the satellites due to cooperative interaction between the ions and electrons. In a separate experiment on a large θ-pinch producing a high temperature deuterium plasma, the ion peak has been resolved and values obtained for both the electron and ion temperatures in the plasma. Preliminary values of the ion temperature are consistent with a thermonuclear origin for the neutron emission observed.

7B7 - Output spectra of Nd : YAG and ruby lasers and implications for laser linewidth determining mechanisms

Abstract: The results of a number of experiments dealing with the output spectra of Nd: YAG and ruby lasers are presented. The aim of these experiments is to determine and clarify, at least qualitatively, the mechanisms responsible for the observed overall linewidths of Nd : YAG lasers. Two such mechanisms which may be expected to be present in solid-state lasers are inhomogeneous broadening of the fluorescent line, and slow spatial relaxation. In general, the experiments have indicated that the situation in Nd: YAG is considerably less clear-cut than in ruby. Thus, in ruby the inhomogeneously broadened linewidth is quite narrow and, therefore, plays essentially no role in determining the linewidth of ruby laser output spectra. Instead, the overall linewidth seems to be determined entirely by effects caused by slow spatial relaxation. In Nd : YAG, depending on the particular rod, the laser linewidth can be determined by inhomogeneous broadening, spatial relaxation effects, or a combination of the two. Indications are that spatial relaxation is faster in Nd: YAG than in ruby. However, in good quality Nd: YAG rods, slow spatial relaxation still seems to play a dominant role.

The Effects of Saturation and Regeneration in Ruby Laser Amplifiers

Abstract: An analytic expression which relates the input and output energies of a ruby laser amplifier has been derived for the general situation in which both saturation and regeneration are present. The solution also includes all other special cases (e.g., weak signal and/or no regeneration) which have been independently treated in the past. The results obtained from the analysis have been compared with those obtained by numerical integration of the nonlinear partial differential equations governing the amplification process, and the agreement is excellent. The majority of situations encountered in practice fall within the limits of the assumptions made in the analysis.