Topic
Ruby laser
About: Ruby laser is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2474 publications have been published within this topic receiving 38933 citations. The topic is also known as: corundum laser & ruby rod.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the feasibility of utilizing Raman scattering as a diagnostic technique to measure individual specie concentrations in typical gas mixtures found in gas dynamic applications has been investigated and demonstrated.
Abstract: : The feasibility of utilizing Raman scattering as a diagnostic technique to measure individual specie concentrations in typical gas mixtures found in gas dynamic applications has been investigated and demonstrated. Utilizing this technique, either the local density of a pure gas or the concentration of individual diatomic (or polyatomic) species in a gas mixture can be uniquely determined. The range and limitations of this technique were investigated and evaluated under controlled static conditions. A Q-switched ruby laser, which has a pulse duration of approximately 10 nanoseconds, was used as a radiation source. The scattered radiation was monitored utilizing a high gain, wide spectral range photomultiplier tube in conjunction with a spectrograph. Measurements were also made utilizing narrow bandpass filters in place of the spectrograph. The species which were investigated include O2, N2, CO2, and CH4. Quantitative results are given for these gases in their pure state as well as in various mixture proportions. The relative and absolute intensity of the scattered radiation from the species investigated were compared with that predicted by theory. Measurements were also made of the vibrational temperature of O2. A description of the pertinent theory and concepts of Raman scattering is also included as well as a discussion of the limitations of the technique.
72 citations
01 Aug 1966
TL;DR: In this article, a 400 MW ruby laser beam was focused onto surfaces of C, Ti, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu and Zn, and was observed in the extreme ultra-violet region.
Abstract: Plasmas produced by focusing a 400 MW ruby laser beam onto surfaces of C, Ti, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu and Zn, and into argon gas, have been observed in the extreme ultra-violet region. Line and continuum radiation have been recorded down to 25 A, including new spectra of Fe XV and Fe XVI and Ni XVII and Ni XVIII. The value of such plasmas for line classification work is demonstrated.
72 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the emission characteristics of laser-induced plasma, with the use of a Q-switched ruby laser of 1.5 J, were studied in argon atmosphere at reduced pressure.
Abstract: The emission characteristics of laser-induced plasma, with the use of a Q-switched ruby laser of 1.5 J, were studied in argon atmosphere at reduced pressure. The time- and spatially resolved emission profiles were measured. In argon atmosphere at reduced pressure, the emission period of plasma is elongated to over a hundred microseconds, and the emissive region expands to more than a few tens of millimeters above the sample surface. The emission intensities of atomic lines increase severalfold in an argon atmosphere, in comparison with those obtained in air at the same pressure. Moderate confinement of plasmas and a resultant increase of emission intensities are achieved at 50 Torr. These results are explained by the chemical inertness and the thermal characteristics of the argon atmosphere and the decrease in absorption of the laser pulse by the plasma plume. The re-excitation of emissive species by collisions with metastable argon atoms seems to be less important.
72 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a focused Q-switched ruby laser was used to generate a shock wave at the window-explosive interface when irradiated by a 1000-A-thick aluminum film.
Abstract: Immediate longitudinal detonations have been observed in confined small-diameter columns of PETN, RDX, and tetryl by using a focused Q-switched ruby laser. The energy ranged from 0.8 to 4.0 J in a pulse width of 25 nsec. A 1000-A-thick aluminum film deposited on a glass window was used to generate a shock wave at the window-explosive interface when irradiated by the laser. In some cases, steady-state detonations were reached in less than .5 microsec with less than 10% variation in the detonation velocity.
72 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that self-focusing of the beam from a singlemode ruby laser may initiate laser-induced breakdown in filaments or points having a diameter of 5 \ensuremath{\mu} or less.
Abstract: Sparks produced by focusing the beam from a single-mode ruby laser have been investigated, and photographs of radiation scattered at 90\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} to the incident beam show that breakdown occurs in filaments or points having a diameter of 5 \ensuremath{\mu} or less Intense pulses of coherent radiation scattered in the forward direction have also been observed, and the measured divergence of this light indicates the presence of self-focused regions having a diameter of \ensuremath{\sim}17 \ensuremath{\mu} These observations support the hypothesis that self-focusing of the beam may initiate laser-induced breakdown
70 citations