Topic
Ruby laser
About: Ruby laser is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2474 publications have been published within this topic receiving 38933 citations. The topic is also known as: corundum laser & ruby rod.
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TL;DR: The density and velocity distribution of electrons in a plasma were studied by Thomson scattering of light from a ruby laser incident on a theta -pinched plasma as discussed by the authors, and the results showed that electron density and velocities varied with the number of collisions.
33 citations
TL;DR: An attempt was made to modify the surface microstructure of a sensitized austenitic stainless steel, without affecting the bulk properties, using laser surface melting techniques as mentioned in this paper, which indicated an improvement in the intergranular corrosion resistance.
Abstract: An attempt was made to modify the surface microstructure of a sensitized austenitic stainless steel, without affecting the bulk properties, using laser surface melting techniques. AISI type 316 stainless steel specimens sensitized at 923 K for 20 hr were laser surface melted using a pulsed ruby laser at 6 J energy. Two successive pulses were given to ensure uniform melting and homogenization. The melted layers were characterized by small angle X- ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Intergranular corrosion tests were carried out on the melted region as per ASTM A262 practice A (etch test) and electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation test. The results indicated an improvement in the intergranular corrosion resistance after laser surface melting. The results are explained on the basis of homogeneous and nonsensitized microstructure obtained at the surface after laser surface melting. It is concluded that laser surface melting can be used as an in situ method to increase the life of a sensitized component by modifying the surface microstructure.
33 citations
TL;DR: The results show that laser treatments can affect structural recovery, follicular pigmentation (hair absorption coefficient), or both, and Laser-induced reduction in hair diameter and/or pigmentation are both long-term responses which confer cosmetic benefits in addition to actual hair loss.
Abstract: Laser pulses which selectively damage pigmented hair follicles are a useful treatment for hypertrichosis. Clinically, regrowing hairs are often thinner and lighter after treatment. In this study, hair shaft diameter and optical transmission (700 nm) were measured before and after ruby (694 nm) and diode (800 nm) laser irradiation. Hair was collected from 47 and 41 subjects treated with ruby (0.3 ms and 3 ms) and diode (10-20 ms) lasers, respectively. Responders were defined as subjects with significant long-term hair loss as determined by hair counts at 9 and/or 12 months after treatment. In ruby laser responders (34/47), regrowing hairs were significantly both thinner (decreased diameter) and lighter (increased transmission). In nonresponders (13/47), regrowing hairs were lighter, but not thinner. The regrowing hair shaft absorption coefficient (as calculated assuming Beer's law) was significantly decreased by 0.3 ms ruby laser treatment, but was not changed by 3 ms ruby laser or diode laser treatment. After diode laser treatment, 38 of the 41 subjects were responders and regrowing hairs were both thinner and lighter. These results show that laser treatments can affect structural recovery (size of hair), follicular pigmentation (hair absorption coefficient), or both. Regrowth of thinner hair (decreased shaft diameter) occurs in conjunction with actual loss of hair. After long pulses (3 ms ruby; diode), regrowing hair was thinner and also lighter to an extent related to the decrease in hair diameter. In contrast, short ruby laser pulses (0.3 ms) appeared to be capable of inhibiting follicular pigmentation per se, in addition to affecting the hair diameter. This may account for the complete regrowth of lighter hair in nonresponders treated with 0.3 ms pulses. Laser-induced reduction in hair diameter and/or pigmentation are both long-term responses which confer cosmetic benefits in addition to actual hair loss.
33 citations
TL;DR: Treatment with a continuous wave argon laser at wavelengths of 488 and 514.5 nm has demonstrated a 70% cure rate, but also about a 10% incidence of hypertrophic scars, most likely caused by the destruction of the epidermis and upper dermis.
Abstract: Port-wine disorders of the skin consisting of ectatic dermal blood vessels. 1 Treatment with a continuous wave (CW) argon laser at wavelengths of 488 and 514.5 nm has demonstrated a 70% cure rate, but also about a 10% incidence of hypertrophic scars. 2-5 A number of other lasers have also been used to treat PWS, such as a millisecond-pulsed ruby laser at 694 nm, 6 a CW dye laser at 540 nm, 7 microsecond-pulsed dye lasers at 577 nm, 8-11 CW neodymium-YAG lasers at 1060 nm, 12 and CW carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) lasers at 10 600 nm. 13,14 Histologic results for some of these laser treatments have been published and are summarized in Tables 1 through 5. The incidence of hypertrophic scarring for argon laser treatment is most likely caused by the destruction of the epidermis and upper dermis to a depth of about 0.6 mm, 9 due to
33 citations
01 Jan 1971
TL;DR: An understanding of laser effects on dental structures would be difficult without first briefly describing dental hard and soft tissues.
Abstract: An understanding of laser effects on dental structures would be difficult without first briefly describing dental hard and soft tissues.
33 citations