Topic
Ruby laser
About: Ruby laser is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2474 publications have been published within this topic receiving 38933 citations. The topic is also known as: corundum laser & ruby rod.
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TL;DR: Stimulated emission was observed when ZnTe, ZnSe, and CdS single crystals were exposed to two-photon excitation by a train of ruby laser picosecond pulses.
Abstract: Stimulated emission was observed when ZnTe, ZnSe, and CdS single crystals were exposed to two-photon excitation by a train of ruby laser picosecond pulses The lasing wavelengths for ZnTe, ZnSe, and CdS crystals were 530, 450, and 495 nm, respectively The angular divergence was 19–21° and the laser action occurred at peak exciting pulse intensities of around 1 GW/cm2
19 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the number of free electrons and neutral atoms in a carbon plasma was determined with two-wavelength interferometry using a Q-switched ruby laser with a peak power of 100 MW and a 3W argon ion laser as the interferometer light source.
Abstract: Experimental determination in a time‐resolved manner of the number densities of free electrons and neutral atoms in a carbon plasma is obtained with two‐wavelength interferometry. The plasma is produced by a Q‐switched ruby laser with a peak power of 100 MW, and a 3‐W argon‐ion laser is used as the interferometer light source. A maximum free electron density of 1.6 × 1019 cm−3 and a maximum neutral density of 1.6 × 1020 cm−3 are observed.
19 citations
TL;DR: This response in the erythrocyte demonstrates a principle which suggests the laser as a tool for cell research: specific molecular components within a cell may be selectively altered by laser irradiation when an appropriate wavelength and a suitable power density are applied.
Abstract: Freshly prepared hemoglobin solutions were successively irradiated up to five times with 1 MW (monochromatic wavelength) of green (530 mµ) laser power. Oxygenated hemoglobin showed no detectable change, but the spectral absorption of reduced hemoglobin showed a shift toward the characteristic curve for the oxygenated form. Intact human erythrocytes exposed to a power density of 110 MW/cm2 of green laser radiation showed no appreciable change in diameter or mass, but they became transparent to a wavelength range from 400 to 600 mµ. A similar power density from a ruby laser failed to produce this bleaching effect. This response in the erythrocyte demonstrates a principle which suggests the laser as a tool for cell research: specific molecular components within a cell may be selectively altered by laser irradiation when an appropriate wavelength and a suitable power density are applied.
19 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe a laboratory experiment that allows the students to characterize the photophysical properties of ruby, the crystalline material that was used as the active medium to produce the first laser emission.
Abstract: This article describes a laboratory experiment that allows the students to characterize the photophysical properties of ruby, the crystalline material that was used as the active medium to produce the first laser emission. The students record the absorption and emission spectra of low-cost samples of industrial ruby and determine the lifetime of the luminescent excited state. The results obtained are explained in terms of crystal field theory, optical selection rules, and rates of radiative and nonradiative relaxation processes, and they are related to the operating conditions of a ruby laser. This instrumental experiment has been developed for an upper-division undergraduate audience, and it is suitable for advanced physical chemistry or inorganic chemistry courses.
19 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the specific contact resistivity of the contacts Ta/Ge and Ni/Ge on 2 × 1017cm-3dopes GaAs exhibited sharp minima as a function of laser energy density at 1 × 10-6Ω-cm2 and 2 × 10 − 6Ω −cm2 respectively, which occurred near the melting point of the layered contacts.
Abstract: Refractory metal ohmic contacts to n-type GaAs have been developed using epitaxial Ge films and pulsed laser annealing. Laser annealing was carried out with a 22 ns pulse from a Q-switched ruby laser operating in the TEM 00 mode. The specific contact resistivity of the contacts Ta/Ge and Ni/Ge on 2 × 1017cm-3dopes GaAs exhibited sharp minima as a function of laser energy density at 1 × 10-6Ω-cm2and 2 × 10-6Ω-cm2, respectively, which occurred near the melting point of the layered contacts. Auger electron sputter profiles revealed Ge migration into the GaAs surface after laser annealing at sufficient energy density to form ohmic contact. The contacts have applications to high temperature devices and to devices which experience high channel or contact temperatures, such as power FETs and TEDs.
19 citations