Showing papers on "Saline water published in 2019"
TL;DR: Relationships between lake water sources (fresh versus saline) and their fluorescence/absorption characteristics, and humic-like and fulvic-like compounds contributed to CDOM fluorescence in all lake waters significantly, differed between saline and freshwater lakes.
90 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of deficit irrigation with saline water on water-salt distribution and water use efficiency of maize for seed production were investigated in the Shiyang River Basin of China.
74 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of the saline water medium on the performance of double acting solar still combined with tracked parabolic trough collector (TPTC) was studied in a desalination system.
73 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the origin of salinity and mixing of various water masses has been studied through the integration of major ions chemistry with stable isotopes δ18O and δD.
64 citations
TL;DR: Bougainvillea plants enact many-sided strategies to acclimate to S80 salinity by harmonizing several mechanisms including sodium and chloride inclusion in leaves and their compartmentalization in vacuoles, retention of high levels of potassium in the cytosol to osmotically balance the cytoplasm and other organelles within the vacuole.
63 citations
TL;DR: In this article, two basil cultivars were grown hydroponically for 71 d with four different concentrations of NaCl (no NaCl, Low, Moderate, and High) to determine whether the phenolic and elemental composition of leaves is altered by salinity.
52 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that 16-ppt salinity concentration is suitable for rearing O. niloticus as the fish are more adaptive to salinity condition without changes in their growth rate and the use of immune stimulant feed additive to overcome the immune suppressive effect of hyper-salinity.
Abstract: We aim to study the optimum salinity concentration for Nile tilapia, through the assessment of its growth performance and the expression of its related genes (Gh and Igf-1), as well as its salinity adaptation and immune status through the assessment of the gene expression of ion-regulation genes (Na+/K+-ATPase α-1a and α-1b), stress-related genes (GST, HSP27, and HSP70), inflammatory-related genes (IL1, IL8, CC, and CXC chemokine), and immune-related genes (IgMH TLR7, MHC, and MX) at the osmoregulatory organs (gills, liver, and kidney). Based on the least mortality percentage and the physical appearance of the fish, three salt concentrations (6, 16, and 20 ppt) were chosen following a 6-month preliminary study using serial salt concentrations ranged from 6 to 36 ppt, which were obtained by rearing the fish in gradual elevated pond salinity through daily addition of 0.5 ppt saline water. The fish size was 10.2–12 cm and weight was 25.5–26.15 g. No significant differences in the fish weight gain were observed among the studied groups. The group reared at 16-ppt salt showed better performance than that of 20 ppt, as they have lower morality % and higher expression of ion-regulated gene (Na+/K+-ATPase α1-b), stress-related genes (GST, HSP27, and HSP70) of the gills and also GST, inflammatory-related genes (IL-1β and IL8), and TLR in the liver tissue. Higher expression of kidney-immune-related genes at 20-ppt salt may indicate that higher salinity predispose to fish infection and increased mortality. We concluded that 16-ppt salinity concentration is suitable for rearing O. niloticus as the fish are more adaptive to salinity condition without changes in their growth rate. Also, we indicate the use of immune stimulant feed additive to overcome the immune suppressive effect of hyper-salinity. Additionally, the survival of some fish at higher salinity concentrations (30–34 ppt) increase the chance for selection for salinity resistance in the Nile tilapia.
47 citations
26 Apr 2019
TL;DR: In this article, the ability of the electrocoagulation (EC) process with combined aluminum electrodes in removing various types of salt from water samples collected at Sawa Lake, Al-Muthanna, Iraq was evaluated.
Abstract: Saline water treatment has become increasingly important for drinking water supplies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of the electrocoagulation (EC) process with combined aluminum electrodes in removing various types of salt from water samples collected at Sawa Lake, Al-Muthanna, Iraq. The targeted types of salt include total dissolved solids (TDS), chloride salt (Cl−), bromine (Br−), and sulphate (SO42−). A bench scale consisting of combined EC configurations with static electrodes was employed under combined electrical connections. The effect of the six variables factors, such as applied current density (I), reaction time (RT), pH, temperature (T), stirring speed (Mrpm) and inter electrode distance (IED) were observed to achieve a higher removal of TDS, Cl−, Br− and SO42−. Initial results showed the following optimum operating conditions: I = 2 mA/cm2, RT = 80 min, pH = 8, T = 25 °C, IED = 1 cm and Mrpm = 500. The maximum removal efficiency of TDS, Cl−, Br− and SO42− were 91%, 93%, 92% and 90%, respectively. It can be concluded that the EC method applied in the present study was effective to removing salts from lake water.
46 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focused on a coastal aquifer, to study the groundwater chemistry, hydrogeochemical characteristics, and salinization processes in a coastal area of the Puri District of Odisha, southeastern coast of India.
Abstract: Groundwater is the major source of freshwater in coastal areas, and gradual declining of water quality is a major cause of concern. The present study is focused on a coastal aquifer, to study the groundwater chemistry, hydrogeochemical characteristics, and salinization processes in a coastal area of the Puri District of Odisha, southeastern coast of India. Groundwater chemistry reveals, water compositions are generally near neutral to slightly alkaline nature in pH, and the total dissolved solids (TDS) concentrations varies from 150 mg/l in the inland area to 4006 mg/l towards the shorelines. Piper plot shows four principal hydrochemical water types prevailed in the groundwater zones with water composition changes from fresh water to the saline water mixing. The oxygen isotope (δ18O) values are found between −5.3‰ to and −2.96‰, which indicates groundwater compositions were influenced by the evaporation process. Based on Cl− concentrations (0.4–35 meq/l), the saline end-member is mixing of seawater with the groundwater. Calculations of ionic deltas in groundwater show deficiency of Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42− ions and significantly mixed with seawater and subsequent reactions governed by ion exchange processes in the aquifer. Saturation index shows groundwater were subsaturated to near equilibrium conditions with mineral phases such as dolomite, gypsum, halite and under-saturated with calcite, aragonite and anhydrite. Sulphate depletion observed in groundwater indicates the seawater mixing. Groundwater flow path shows, there is a gradual increasing of TDS concentrations from inland recharge areas to towards the discharge areas of shoreline and groundwater facies changes from Na-K-HCO3 to Na-Mg-Cl type. The coastal aquifers are subjected to the continuous influence of seawater mixing, dissolution of carbonate phase minerals, aided with rock-water interaction, and ion exchange processes are the significant governing factors, which controls the groundwater evolution.
46 citations
TL;DR: A significant reduction of shoot biomass, plant height and leaf area as function of genotype and salinity level was observed and Rockets could be irrigated with saline water improving the health promoting compounds production.
45 citations
TL;DR: The influence of the toxicity, osmotic effect, and nutritional imbalance seems to have been responsible for the yield loss of a commercial variety of tomato with different soilless culture systems and three levels of salinity.
Abstract: Tomato is the most important horticultural crop in the world. The yields for this crop are highest in Southeastern Spain. In this work we studied a commercial variety of tomato, with different soilless culture systems (deep flow technique, nutrient film technique, and the perlite substrate) and three levels of salinity (2.2, 6.3, and 10.2 dS·m−1) typical of Southeastern Spain. The irrigation management was carried out for optimizing the water use efficiency. Alterations in the water status of the plants, Cl− and Na+ toxicity, and nutritional imbalances altered the vegetative growth and physiology of the plants. The marketable yield was affected by both soilless culture system and salinity. Regarding the soilles culture system, yield decreased in the order: deep flow technique > perlite > nutrient film technique. The salinity treatments improved the fruits quality by increasing the total soluble solids and titratable acidity. Plants cultivated with the nutrient film technique had the highest concentrations of Cl− and Na+ and the highest Na+/K+ ratio. The concentrations of Cl− and Na+ in the plants were not related directly to the yield loss. Therefore, the influence of the toxicity, osmotic effect, and nutritional imbalance seems to have been responsible for the yield loss.
TL;DR: Biochar application of 10 and 20 t ha−1 significantly increased wheat grain yield and alleviated salt stress by maintaining higher leaf relative water content and lower Na+/K+ ratio, and further enhanced photosynthesis and relieved leaf senescence during reproductive stages, leading to better grain formation.
Abstract: Use of saline water for irrigation is essential to mitigate increasing agricultural water demands in arid and semi-arid regions. The objective of this study is to address the potential of using straw biochar as a soil amendment to promote wheat production under saline water irrigation. A field experiment was conducted in a clay loam soil from eastern China during 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 winter wheat season. There were five treatments: freshwater irrigation (0.3 dS m−1), saline water irrigation (10 dS m−1), saline water irrigation (10 dS m−1) combined with biochar of 10, 20, 30 t ha−1. Saline water irrigation alone caused soil salinization and decreased wheat growth and yield. The incorporation of biochar decreased soil bulk density by 5.5%–11.6% and increased permeability by 35.4%–49.5%, and improved soil nutrient status. Biochar also reduced soil sodium adsorption ratio by 25.7%–32.6% under saline water irrigation. Furthermore, biochar alleviated salt stress by maintaining higher leaf relative water content and lower Na+/K+ ratio, and further enhanced photosynthesis and relieved leaf senescence during reproductive stages, leading to better grain formation. Compared to saline water irrigation alone, biochar application of 10 and 20 t ha−1 significantly increased wheat grain yield by 8.6 and 8.4%, respectively. High dose of biochar might increase soil salinity and limit N availability. In the study, biochar amendment at 10 t ha−1 would be a proper practice at least over two years to facilitate saline water irrigation for wheat production. Long-term studies are recommended to advance the understanding of the sustainable use of straw biochar.
10 Jun 2019
TL;DR: Mechanisms of PGPR in producing tolerate plants under salt stress and how to improve the plant–microbe interactions in future for increasing agricultural productivity to feed all of the world’s people are discussed.
Abstract: Salinity of water and soil are of the most important factors limiting the production of crops. Moreover, with the increasing population of the planet and saline fields worldwide there is no choice but to use saline soil and water in the near future. Therefore, to increase plant growth under saline stress condition, provision of sustainable and environmentally friendly management for the use of saline water and soil resources is necessary. The development of saline resistant plants is a potent approach to solve this problem. Generally, soil salinity negatively affects the plant growth through ion toxicity, oxidative stress, osmotic stress and ethylene generation. In recent years, scientists through genetic engineering techniques, which are based on molecular and physiological characteristics of plants, have made salt tolerance plants. However, the validation of the present technique is restricted to laboratory condition and it is not easily applied in the agronomy research under field environment. Another option would be to isolate and utilize salinity resistant microorganisms from the rhizosphere of halophyte plants, namely plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). The mechanisms of these bacteria includes; ACC-deaminase and exopolysachared production, osmolite accumulation, antioxidant system activation, ion hemostasis and etc. In this review, we will discuss mechanisms of PGPR in producing tolerate plants under salt stress and how to improve the plant–microbe interactions in future for increasing agricultural productivity to feed all of the world’s people.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the performance of Olive leaves after a severe drought with, and without, irrigation and to assess recovering capacities after a rainy period, and evaluated irrigation water quality effects.
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of different saline water irrigation strategies on soil properties, tomato plant growth, fruit yield and fruit quality were investigated, and the results suggested that the alternate irrigation (AI) was more efficient than the blending (BI) and cycling (CI) irrigation in alleviating the adverse effects of saline water on the soil-crop system.
TL;DR: In this paper, the properties of typical clays (kaolin and bentonite) in saline environments, including the consistency limits, particle sedimentation and crack pattern, were investigated.
TL;DR: Although the rate of salinity increase influences the microbial community composition, it only weakly influences ammonia oxidation capacity, which mainly depends on salinity and seawater acclimatization time, which suggests increasing the salinity continuously in two days may be a better strategy than increasing thesalinity over a month.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the desalination of saline waters by using Dunaliella salina algae and found that significant reduction of chlorine, sodium, and bicarbonate levels were observed using the algae.
Abstract: Nowadays, due to augmentation of population and expansion of cities and the limitation of fresh water sources in the world, existing water resources cannot meet the human needs. Desalination or reduction of salinity of water through biological methods involves the use of plant species, microorganisms, algae or a combination of them, which can be effective in reducing water salinity. The objective of this study was to investigate the desalination of saline waters by using Dunaliella salina algae. For this purpose, the experiments were carried out as factorial based on completely randomized design. The expected tests were conducted in a laboratory controlled condition for humidity, light and temperature (90 days). During this research, the Electrical Conductivity (EC) was measured daily. The results showed that salt absorption in Dunaliella salina algae was significantly different. High salt absorption was observed in Dunaliella salina at a concentration of 130mS.cm-1. Due to the constant humidity, light and temperature, salt removal from saline water was observed in laboratory conditions. The results of this study indicate that significant reduction of chlorine, sodium and bicarbonate levels were observed using Dunaliella salina algae. According to the results of this study, it seems that reducing salt absorption in algae is due to the use of salt in the metabolism and the growth and proliferation of algae. The absorption process in this study showed that the catch of Dunaliella salina has a good ability to remove salt and can be used as an appropriate suggestion for salt removal from saline water.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the HYDRUS-1D model to evaluate how 20 years of irrigating with brackish water affects soil salinity and soil salt transport in wheat-maize cultivated lands with different texture layers in the lowland of NCP.
TL;DR: In this article, the photosynthetic efficiency and growth of yellow passion fruit, cultivated under different levels of irrigation water salinity and exogenous application of hydrogen peroxide, was evaluated in greenhouse of the Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, PB, Brazil, using drainage lysimeters with capacity for 100 dm3, filled with Entisol of sandy texture.
Abstract: The study was carried out to evaluate the photosynthetic efficiency and growth of yellow passion fruit, cultivated under different levels of irrigation water salinity and exogenous application of hydrogen peroxide. The experiment was carried out in greenhouse of the Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, PB, Brazil, using drainage lysimeters with capacity for 100 dm3, filled with Entisol of sandy texture. The experimental design was randomized blocks using a 4 x 4 factorial scheme, with three repetitions, corresponding to four water salinity (0.7; 1.4; 2.1 and 2.8 dS m-1) and four concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (0, 20, 40 and 60 µM). The different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide were applied by soaking the seed for a period of 24 h and spraying the leaves on the adaxial and abaxial sides. At 35 days after transplanting, the interaction between water salinity and hydrogen peroxide concentrations did not significantly interfere with plant physiology and growth, except for the number of leaves. The hydrogen peroxide did not cause significant effects on any of the evaluated plant variables. Increasing salinity of irrigation water led to reduction in gas exchanges at 61 and 96 days after transplanting. Water salinity inhibited the CO2 assimilation, transpiration, stomatal conductance, instantaneous carboxylation efficiency and stem diameter of passion fruit plants.
TL;DR: In this paper, a magnetic treatment device with a low-intensity magnetic field was used for the management of irrigation water in Populus and the results indicated that irrigation with magnetic treatment appeared to promote seedling growth, root development, photosynthesis and mineral nutrient contents.
Abstract: The use of saline water in irrigation is cause for concern due to the reduced availability of fresh water resources for agroforestry in some regions; however, salinity can negatively affect plant populations, such as Populus. Here, magnetic techniques were employed to investigate their effects on improving salinity tolerance in Populus. Irrigation experiments were performed with Populus applying magnetized water (MW) and non-magnetized water (NMW), and seedling growth and development in 1-year-old potted seedlings of Populus × euramericana ‘Neva’ were evaluated under saline conditions. A magnetic treatment device with a low-intensity magnetic field was used for the management of irrigation water. Two average salinity levels, 0 and 4.0 g L−1 of NaCl, were used with MW and NMW, yielding four treatments of irrigation water. The experiments were performed according to a single-factor randomized block design. Seedling growth; the biomass of leaves, roots and stems; photosynthetic parameters and nutrient contents were measured. The results showed that, compared with the non-magnetic treatment (NMT), magnetic treatment (MT) led to improvements in seedling height, basal diameter, leaf area and biomass of leaves and roots (but not stem biomass). Net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration and water use efficiency were increased in MT, whereas both transpiration rate and stomatal limiting value were decreased in MT compared with those in NMT. In addition, MT promoted root development, as evidenced by improvements in the length, surface area, mean diameter, volume and tips of the roots. The microelement contents analyses indicated that MT led to higher contents of Fe, Zn and Cu in leaves and roots and a lower content of Mn. MT led to increased contents of C and P and an increased C/N ratio in leaves but a decreased N content; in the roots, the C content and the ratios of C/N and C/P were increased. These results indicated that irrigation with MW appeared to promote seedling growth, root development, photosynthesis and mineral nutrient contents. The properties of saline water were improved by MT, indicating that MT-treated saline water can be used for irrigation.
TL;DR: Drinking mild‐salinity water was associated with lower BP, which can be explained by higher intake of Ca2+ and Mg2+ through saline water.
Abstract: Background Sodium (Na+) in saline water may increase blood pressure (BP), but potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+), and magnesium (Mg2+) may lower BP. We assessed the association between drinking water s...
01 Jan 2019
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a brief description of salinity and its causes, global status and effects on plant growth and productivity, environment and the economy of salt-affected areas, and there is an urgent need of more site-specific studies for the development of strategies to reclaim saline soils.
Abstract: Excessive concentration of soluble salts in soils adversely affects agricultural lands and crops and subsequently the livelihood of people all around the world. More than 100 countries are facing the problem of soil salinity along with salinization of groundwater. Irrigation of agricultural crops with saline water indeed increases the concentration of soluble salts in soil, thereby reducing the productivity of crop plants. Excessive salts primarily disrupt the cellular osmotic balance by lowering the water potential inside cells. The salts like chlorides and sulphates of sodium, calcium and magnesium along with sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate prevailed in saline soils negatively affect plant growth and productivity as they change the osmotic balance between plant roots and soil and interfere with physiological and metabolic processes of plant. Several techniques have been developed for the reclamation and management of saline and sodic soils, which involve changes in the farming system irrigation, cropping pattern and use of salt-resistant varieties as well. The efficient and balanced use of fertilizers or more likely the utilization of biofertilizers could be a better option which can serve as a cost-effective technique for resource conservation. This chapter provides brief description of salinity and its causes, global status and effects of salinity on plant growth and productivity, environment and the economy of salt-affected areas. Indeed various techniques are in practice, and there is an urgent need of more site-specific studies for the development of strategies to reclaim saline soils. Under changing climatic conditions, this problem is predicted to increase further and may cover many more areas that necessitate to find out more realistic solutions of this problem. This chapter aims to draw attention of researchers to better understand reclamation and management technologies for sustainable solutions to curtailing the problem of salinization and efficient utilization of saline soils.
TL;DR: In this paper, a pull-out test was conducted to investigate the bond behavior between recycled aggregate concrete and steel bar after rapid freezing-thawing cycles in fresh water and saline water.
20 Jun 2019
TL;DR: The results of the study indicated that nanofiltration desalination process proved as effective as the RO but consumed 29% lesser energy as discussed by the authors, thus, the cost of water production was lessened by 29%.
Abstract: The water is a basic need for life including human beings, animals, plants, and microbial life. Although almost 75% of globe is covered by water in the form of oceans, only a small percentage of water is usable by living beings due to various salt content, pathogens, and contaminants. Good-quality water is highly scarce in dry regions of the world like Gulf Cooperation Council, South Asian and African countries. It is believed that the limited water supplies of water may worsen due to the inception of climatic changes ahead. The only alternative source is desalination of seawater/saline water. The traditional desalination technology is improving due to introduction of nanotechnologies like nanofiltration. The present studies were conducted at the research farm of Ministry of Municipalities and Environment (MME), Doha Qatar for 3 years (2016–2018). RO and nanofiltration plants were procured and installed at the research farm of MME. Electricity consumption was recorded, and quality of various types of water: feed water, product water, and brine water, was regularly monitored. The results of the study indicated that nanofiltration desalination process proved as effective as the RO but consumed 29% lesser energy. Therefore, the cost of water production was lessened by 29%, thus making the desalination technology as cost-saving and feasible.
TL;DR: Increased salinity of irrigation water reduced growth, photosynthesis and the production of West Indian cherry, and fertilization with 140% of recommendation of the phosphorus and nitrogen minimizes the deleterious effect of salinity onWest Indian cherry irrigated with water up to 3.0 dS m.
Abstract: The quantitative and qualitative scarcity of water resources is a frequent problem in the semi-arid region of the Brazilian Northeast. The availability of water for irrigation with high content of dissolved salts is common, affecting the growth and development of the crops. Thus, it is necessary to adopt strategies that allow the establishment of irrigated agriculture in this region. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of water salinity and phosphorus/nitrogen combinations on the ecophysiology of the West Indian cherry grafted in the first year of cultivation. The research was carried out in a protected environment, in lysimeters filled with a Regolithic Neosol of loamy clay texture, having low initial phosphorus content. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design, arranged in a 5x4 factorial scheme, with five levels of electrical conductivity of the irrigation water ECw (0.6, 1.4, 2.2, 3.0 and 3.8 dS m ) and four managements of fertilization with phosphorus and nitrogen (100:100; 140:100; 100:140 and 140:140% P/N of the recommendation), with three replications, each plot consisting of one plant. Increased salinity of irrigation water reduced growth, photosynthesis and the production of West Indian cherry. Fertilization with 140% of recommendation of the phosphorus and nitrogen minimizes the deleterious effect of salinity on West Indian cherry irrigated with water up to 3.0 dS m.
TL;DR: A total of 115 groundwater samples were collected in an area of ∼7 km2 in Cox's Bazar paleobeach and its vicinity, from different types of tubewells, which included hand pump fitted bore wells (100m depth) during June 2013 as discussed by the authors.
TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of water deficit and salt stress individually and the interaction on tomato yield and quality was quantified from spring 2016 to autumn 2017, and three irrigation treatments used were full irrigation, 2/3 and 1/2 of the full irrigation.
25 Nov 2019
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the gas exchanges and growth of passion fruit as a function of irrigation with saline water and exogenous application of hydrogen peroxide under greenhouse conditions, using a randomized block design, in a 4 x 4 factorial arrangement.
Abstract: The semi-arid region of the Brazilian Northeast has adequate edaphoclimatic conditions for the passion fruit production, but the water used for irrigation commonly has high concentrations of salts that are harmful to the plant growth and development. A previous supply of hydrogen peroxide induces the acclimation of plants under saline stress conditions, reducing deleterious effects on their growth and physiology. This study aimed to evaluate the gas exchanges and growth of passion fruit as a function of irrigation with saline water and exogenous application of hydrogen peroxide. The experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions, using a randomized block design, in a 4 x 4 factorial arrangement, being four levels of irrigation water electrical conductivity (0.7 dS m-1, 1.4 dS m-1, 2.1 dS m-1 and 2.8 dS m-1) and four hydrogen peroxide concentrations (0 µM, 25 µM, 50 µM and 75 µM), with four replicates and two plants per plot. The hydrogen peroxide application attenuated the deleterious effects of the irrigation water salinity on transpiration, CO2 assimilation rate, internal carbon concentration, plant height and leaf area of yellow passion fruit, at 60 days after sowing, with the concentration of 25 µM being the most efficient. Irrigation using water with electrical conductivity above 0.7 dS m-1 negatively affects the gas exchanges and growth of passion fruit, being the stomatal conductance and leaf area the most sensitive variables to the salt stress.
TL;DR: In this paper, water quality of Chilika lagoon was assessed for pre- and post-monsoon seasons, and a marked spatial and temporal variability in the water quality was observed in this study.
Abstract: Water quality of Chilika lagoon was assessed for pre- and post-monsoon seasons. A marked spatial and temporal variability in the water quality was observed in this study. Principal component analysis (PCA) reveals the influence of salinity, anthropogenic factors, as well as vegetation on the water quality. The higher concentration of nitrate (NO3−) and phosphate (PO43−) in certain pockets of the lagoon water was due to the prevalence of agricultural, municipal, and domestic waste. A positive correlation between PO43− and DSi indicates their terrigenous input from freshwater influx. Cyclone Phailin had profound impact on several water quality parameters. pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) are governed largely by the presence of macrophytes. The impact of severe cyclone Phailin can be assessed from the very low salinity values persisting in the lagoon even 2.5 months after the cyclone hit Odisha coast. Some toxic heavy metals like Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb), Nickel (Ni), Cobalt (Co), Manganese (Mn), and Iron (Fe) exceeded the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standards at many locations in both the seasons. Non-conservative behavior of nutrients indicates well mixed nature of lagoon which is also indicative of good primary productivity. Northern sector (NS) of the lagoon is susceptible to eutrophication being riverine influenced region. Southern sector has more stable ion chemistry as a result of least freshwater discharge, constant supply of saline water, and lesser water renewal.