Salinispora arenicola

About: Salinispora arenicola is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 66 publications have been published within this topic receiving 4122 citations.

S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine Hydrolase (Adenosine-Forming), a Conserved Bacterial and Archeal Protein Related to SAM-Dependent Halogenases

Abstract: S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) is a ubiquitous molecule that participates in various biochemical reactions, second only to ATP as the most frequently used enzyme substrate.[1] The recently described SAM-dependent halogenases involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in actinomycetes represent a new family of SAM-binding proteins[2, 3] that catalyze the nucleophilic displacement of L-methionine (L-met) from SAM with halides to form halogenated 5′-deoxyadenosine (5′-XDA).[4, 5] These enzymes belong to a family of over 100 archaeal and bacterial proteins with no assigned function (pfam 01887, DUF62). Here we report that a DUF62 member from the recently sequenced marine bacterium Salinispora arenicola CNS-205 (SaDUF62, Sare_1364, genome accession number NC_ 009953) has no significant halogenase, but instead SAM hydrolase (adenosine-forming) activity in vitro.

Multilocus sequence typing reveals evidence of homologous recombination linked to antibiotic resistance in the genus Salinispora.

Abstract: The three closely related species that currently comprise the genus Salinispora were analyzed using a multilocus sequence typing approach targeting 48 strains derived from four geographic locations. Phylogenetic congruence and a well-supported concatenated tree provide strong support for the delineation of the three species as currently described and the basal relationship of Salinispora arenicola to the more recently diverged sister taxa S. tropica and S. pacifica. The phylogeny of the initial region of the rpoB gene sequenced was atypical, placing the related genera Micromonospora and Verrucosispora within the Salinispora clade. This phylogenetic incongruence was subsequently ascribed to a homologous-recombination event in a portion of the gene associated with resistance to compounds in the rifamycin class, which target RpoB. All S. arenicola strains produced compounds in this class and possessed resistance-conferring amino acid changes in RpoB. The phylogeny of a region of the rpoB gene that is not associated with rifamycin resistance was congruent with the other housekeeping genes. The link between antibiotic resistance and homologous recombination suggests that incongruent phylogenies provide opportunities to identify the molecular targets of secondary metabolites, an observation with potential relevance for drug discovery efforts. Low ratios of interspecies recombination to mutation, even among cooccurring strains, coupled with high levels of within-species recombination suggest that the three species have been described in accordance with natural barriers to recombination.

Saliniquinones A-F, New Members of the Highly Cytotoxic Anthraquinone-γ-Pyrones from the Marine Actinomycete Salinispora arenicola

Abstract: Six new anthraquinone-γ-pyrones, saliniquinones A-F (1-6), which are related to metabolites of the pluramycin/altromycin class, were isolated from a fermentation broth of the marine actinomycete Salinispora arenicola (strain CNS-325). Their structures were determined by analysis of one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopic and high-resolution mass spectrometric data. The relative and absolute configurations of compounds 1-6 were determined by analysis of NOESY NMR spectroscopic data and by comparison of circular dichroism and optical rotation data with model compounds found in the literature. Saliniquinone A (1) exhibited potent inhibition of the human colon adenocarcinoma cell line (HCT-116) with an IC50 of 9.9 × 10-9 M. In the context of the biosynthetic diversity of S. arenicola, compounds 1-6 represent secondary metabolites that appear to be strain specific and thus occur outside of the core group of compounds commonly observed from this species.

Production of N-acyl homoserine lactones by the sponge-associated marine actinobacteria Salinispora arenicola and Salinispora pacifica.

Abstract: The structures of acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) compounds and their quantification were accomplished using an integrated liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry approach. The precursor and product ions, along with retention times of peaks, were searched against an in-house database of AHLs and structures confirmed by accurate mass and by comparison with authentic AHL standards. The two compounds, N-(3-oxodecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone and N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone, were characterised and quantified in Salinispora sp. cultures.

Diversity and distribution of the bioactive actinobacterial genus Salinispora from sponges along the Great Barrier Reef

Abstract: Isolates from the marine actinobacterial genus Salinispora were cultured from marine sponges collected from along the length of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), Queensland, Australia. Strains of two species of Salinispora, Salinispora arenicola and “Salinispora pacifica”, were isolated from GBR sponges Dercitusxanthus, Cinachyrella australiensis and Hyattella intestinalis. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences of representative strains, selected via BOX-PCR screening, identified previously unreported phylotypes of the species “S. pacifica”. The classification of these microdiverse 16S rRNA groups was further confirmed by analysis of the ribonuclease P RNA (RNase P RNA) gene through both phylogenetic and secondary structure analysis. The use of RNase P RNA sequences combined with 16S rRNA sequences allowed distinction of six new intraspecies phylotypes of “S. pacifica” within the geographical area of the GBR alone. One of these new phylotypes possessed a localised regional distribution within the GBR.