Showing papers on "Sandwich panel published in 1989"
Patent•
25 Jul 1989
TL;DR: A three-dimensional structure adapted for use for instance as a core in sandwich panel-type construction, and comprised of substantially continuous unbroken sheet material to which has been imparted an alternating sequence of ridges and valleys, creating spaced rows of adjacent inclined rectangular-shaped facets connected by intermediate rows of adjoining parallelogram-shaped facet as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: A three-dimensional structure adapted for use for instance as a core in sandwich panel-type construction, and comprised of substantially continuous unbroken sheet material to which has been imparted an alternating sequence of ridges and valleys, creating spaced rows of adjacent inclined rectangular-shaped facets connected by intermediate rows of adjoining parallelogram-shaped facets. The core structure provides substantially gridlike bearing surfaces on two opposing parallel bearing planes thereof to which face sheets may be affixed, to form a sandwich panel.
97 citations
Patent•
13 Nov 1989
TL;DR: In this article, a lightweight hybrid structural energy-absorbing panel having a plurality of layers of soft energy absorbing material, such as Kevlar, disposed between facesheets with rigid rod members extending between the faceheets through the layers of energy absorbing materials.
Abstract: A lightweight hybrid structural energy-absorbing panel having a plurality of layers of soft energy-absorbing material, such as Kevlar, disposed between facesheets with a plurality of rigid rod members extending between the facesheets through the layers of energy-absorbing material to structurally connect the facesheets, such panel to absorb the energy of ballistic projectiles.
95 citations
Patent•
28 Aug 1989
TL;DR: In this article, a shim is disposed between the upper and lower composite panels around a portion of the periphery of the composite sandwich, which is then disposed over an inner layer of foaming adhesive.
Abstract: This invention is directed to a high strength, lightweight honeycomb core composite sandwich panel Typical composite sandwich panels comprise a honeycomb panel disposed between upper and lower composite panels In this invention, a shim is disposed between the upper and lower composite panels around a portion of the periphery of the composite sandwich The shim is disposed over an inner layer of foaming adhesive
53 citations
Patent•
27 Jul 1989
TL;DR: A tie anchor for sandwich panels of reinforced concrete is formed as a flat strap as mentioned in this paper, where a plurality of tie members are placed vertically in the bottom of a horizontal form with reinforcing rods extending through holes in the ends of the ties adjacent to cross-feet.
Abstract: A tie anchor for sandwich panels of reinforced concrete is formed as a flat strap The reinforced concrete sandwich panel is formed by placing a plurality of tie members vertically in the bottom of a horizontal form with reinforcing rods extending through holes in the ends of the ties adjacent to cross-feet A network or grid of reinforcing steel is supported from a chair provided by the ties and cross-feet and the concrete for the first layer of the panel is poured about the ties, cross-feet and reinforcing steel grid A layer of rigid insulation material is placed on top of the first layer of wet concrete about the projecting tie members immediately after pouring the first layer of concrete and a second grid of reinforcing steel rods is supported from the holes in the projecting upper ends of the tie members The second layer of concrete may be immediately poured about the upper end of the tie members and reinforcing steel The insulation material may occupy the entire area between the two concrete layers of the panel except for an 8-10 inch solid concrete section along the bottom edge of the panel connecting the layers
42 citations
Patent•
21 Nov 1989
TL;DR: In this paper, a band-like blank is fed between a pair of upper and lower hot plates having a rectangular plane shape and the hot plates are pressurized to apply pressure and heat to part of the bandlike blank for a preset time.
Abstract: A method for continuously molding a honeycomb panel having a sandwich structure wherein a plastic composite is bonded to both surfaces of a honeycomb-shaped core member. A long honeycomb sandwich panel is formed by repeating the following steps: (1) laminating a prepreg to the upper and lower surfaces of a band-like honeycomb core member to form a band-like blank; (2) feeding the band-like blank between a pair of upper and lower hot plates having a rectangular plane shape; (3) pressurizing the hot plates to apply pressure and heat to part of the band-like blank for a preset time; and (4) relieving the pressure exerted in the hot plates and feeding the band-like blank by a distance corresponding to a partial length of the hot plates.
41 citations
Patent•
11 Sep 1989
TL;DR: In this article, a polygonal panel for a wall or ceiling cladding of the type in which certain longitudinal edges of the panels rest on supporting devices or are wedged in by the latter is described.
Abstract: Polygonal panel for a wall or ceiling cladding of the type in which certain longitudinal edges of the panels rest on supporting devices or are wedged in by the latter. The panel has a metal front plate, a metal rear plate and a core joined thereto, e.g. by adhesive, composed preferably of lightweight, e.g. fibre, material having non-flammable or fire-retarding and/or sound absorbing properties. The front plate is formed with at least two longitudinal side flanges which are bent over or turned over towards the rear of the panel, at least partly to enclose the core at at least two longitudinal sides. The flanges are provided with adjoining free edge parts being over or turned over outwards at an angle. The free edge portions are completely overlapped by edge parts of the rear plate which extend beyond the core, the thickness of the core and the form and shape of the longitudinal edges and the edge portions being matched to each other in a manner such that no direct contact exists between rear plate and front plate.
27 citations
Patent•
15 Nov 1989
TL;DR: In this article, a heat insulating vehicle floor panel, consisting of two flat panels (2,4) with a space between, is described. But this panel is not suitable for the use of self-supporting units.
Abstract: The invention relates to a heat insulating vehicle floor panel, which consists of two flat panels (2,4) with a space between. The upper panel (2) has an additional metal layer (1) and cross-pieces (10,10') are located within the sandwich panel, the centre of which is filled with a foam (3), typically polyurethane. The cross-pieces comprise two metal profiles (9,9') which face each other and lie parallel to the upper and lower flat panels (2,4) with their flat areas (19,19') in contact with the panels (2,4). Non-metallic pref. plywood bracing pieces (7,7') cbnnect the metallic cross-pieces (9,9') and absorb loads on them. USE/ADVANTAGE - In vehicle or container floors to increase bending resistance, thus enabling self supporting units to be constructed.
11 citations
Patent•
01 Aug 1989
TL;DR: In this paper, a method and device for making a completely smooth cut in a sandwich panel constructed of a core having two relatively thin and mechanically resistant skin plates adhered thereto on both sides.
Abstract: A method and device for making a completely smooth cut in a sandwich panel constructed of a core having two relatively thin and mechanically resistant skin plates adhered thereto on both sides. The disclosed method using the steps of cutting a channel in at least one of the skin plates and cutting the core with another blade through the previously cut channel.
9 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors considered an extension to sandwich panels of the moderately large deflection theory of plates formulated by the author in [1, 2] and as a refinement of the contributions to the theory of sandwich panels by Eringen in [3] and by Yu in [4, 5].
9 citations
Patent•
08 Nov 1989
TL;DR: In this paper, a sandwich panel unit is provided comprising gypsum board panels suspended from cross-members of a rectangular frame, which can be de-mounted and re-located as a cohesive unitary assembly.
Abstract: "SANDWICH PANEL UNIT FOR USE IN A PARTITION WALL" ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A sandwich panel unit is provided comprising gypsum board panels suspended from cross-members of a rectangular frame. The panels are latched to the frame by suitable brackets. The sandwich panel unit can be de-mounted and re-located as a cohesive unitary assembly. It can also be disassembled and re-located in pieces.
8 citations
01 Jan 1989
TL;DR: In this article, the thermal conductivity of 13 closed-cell PVC foams has been measured at nominal mean specimen temperatures of 100K, 215K, and 310K (ambient).
Abstract: The thermal conductivity of 13 closed-cell PVC foams has been measured at nominal mean specimen temperatures of 100K, 215K, and 310K (ambient). The densities of these foams vary from 35 to 330 kg/m3. The relationship between density and thermal conductivity is shown.
Patent•
28 Sep 1989
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose to design the sandwich panels in such a way that the outer layers with the core form steps into which the end of the respectively adjoining sandwich panel fits.
Abstract: In order to connect directly to one another sandwich panels which butt one against the other and comprise two outer layers and a core lying in between, it is proposed to design the sandwich panels in such a way that the outer layers with the core form steps into which the end of the respectively adjoining sandwich panel fits. In this way, all the components can be connected together, preferably adhesively bonded, uninterruptedly in such a way that the interconnection ensures a uniform distribution of forces.
01 Oct 1989
TL;DR: In this article, a model was developed that describes the stresses, strains, and deformation of the sublaminate created by the delamination, based on a two dimensional nonlinear plate theory that includes the effects of transverse shear deformation.
Abstract: The response of delaminated composite plates to compressive in-plane loads was investigated. The delaminated region may be either circular or elliptical, and may be located between any two plies of the laminate. For elliptical delaminations, the axes of the ellipse may be arbitrarily oriented with respect to the applied loads. A model was developed that describes the stresses, strains, and deformation of the sublaminate created by the delamination. The mathematical model is based on a two dimensional nonlinear plate theory that includes the effects of transverse shear deformation. The model takes into account thermal and moisture induced strains, transverse pressures acting on the sublaminate, and contact between the sublaminate and plate. The solution technique used is the Ritz method. A computationally efficient computer implementation of the model was developed. The code can be used to predict the nonlinear-load-strain behavior of the sublaminate including the buckling load, postbuckling behavior, and the onset of delamination growth. The accuracy of the code was evaluated by comparing the model results to benchmark analytical solutions. A series of experiments was conducted on Fiberite T300/976 graphite/epoxy laminates bonded to an aluminum honeycomb core forming a sandwich panel. Either circles or ellipses made from Teflon film were embedded in the laminates, simulating the presence of a delamination. Each specimen was loaded in compression and the strain history of the sublaminate was recorded far into the postbuckling regime. The extent of delamination growth was evaluated by C-scan examination of each specimen. The experimental data were compared to code predictions. The code was found to describe the data with reasonable accuracy. A sensitivity study examined the relative importance of various material properties, the delamination dimensions, the contact model, the transverse pressure differential, the critical strain energy release rate, and the relative growth direction on the buckling load, the postbuckling behavior, and the growth load of the sublaminate.
Patent•
19 Apr 1989
TL;DR: The rotary cutting machine is a common type machine using to produce the thin wood plate at present as discussed by the authors, which is used to make the laminate of the glued board such as plywood, five-ply wood, corn cob sandwich panel, etc.
Abstract: The utility model discloses a rotary cutting machine for the thin wood plate, belonging to the lathe class that the round timber segment is cut into the thin wood plate in a rotary way. The utility model is mainly composed of a bed head, a bed tail, a base, an electrical machine, a transmission part, a workpiece clamping part, and a cutter frame and cutter part. The base adopts a cement structure. At the time of working, the base has the advantages of resonance resistance, and good stability. The whole machine has the advantages of small structural weight, low centre of gravity, and stable and reliable operating performance. The thin wood plate (the thickness is 0.9 mm-1.2 mm) which is processed can be used to make the laminate of the glued board such as plywood, five-ply wood, corn cob sandwich panel, etc. The rotary cutting machine is a common type machine using to produce the thin wood plate at present.
Patent•
19 May 1989
TL;DR: In this article, a corrugated sheet machine is used to weld a sheet metal to one surface of a strip and then a double-coated tape is bonded by a roller bonding machine with the wave crest part of the other surface of the strip to heat the tape.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To manufacture a sandwich panel high in strength and heat resistance at least on one surface by integrally welding a sheet metal to one surface of a corrugated strip and integrally bonding a sheet metal by bonding agent with the other surface. CONSTITUTION:Strip stock 1A is worked by a corrugated sheet machine 2 into a corrugated strip 1 and a 1st sheet metal 3 is put by a 1st press roll 5 on one surface. As the supporting plate 6 holds the 1st sheet metal 3, a spot welding electrode 8 is fitted on the root of this sheet metal 1 to weld the 1st sheet metal 3 by spot welding to the corrugated strip 1. Then, double-coated tape 9 is bonded by a roller bonding machine 11 with the wave crest part of the other surface of the strip 1 to heat the tape 9 and the strip 1 by a heater 12. Further, a 2nd sheet metal 4 is put by a 2nd press roll 13 on the strip 1 through the tape 9 and they are carried, pressurized and bonded by a pair of press roller machines 14 and cut by a cutting machine 15 to a prescribed length to obtain a single panel.
Patent•
23 May 1989
TL;DR: In this article, a corrugate metal band is worked in the corrugated shape by corrugating machine 2 and the first metal band 3 and the second metal band 4 are superposed respectively on one side and the other side by a superposing roll 6.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To efficiently manufacture a product by welding a corrugate metal band to first and second metal bands by welding machine while superposing the first metal band and the second metal band respectively on one side and the other side of the metal band worked in a corrugate shape. CONSTITUTION:The metal band 1A is worked in the corrugate shape by a corrugating machine 2 and the first metal band 3 and the second metal band 4 are superposed respectively on one side and the other side of the corrugate metal band 1 by a superposing roll 6. At this time, the corrugate metal plate 1 and the first and second metal bands 3 and 4 are welded together by the welding machines 50A and 50B. A sandwich panel band P0 formed by this method is cut to prescribed dimensions by a cutting machine 9. By this method, the product can be manufactured efficiently.
Patent•
10 Jan 1989
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a method to continuously form a stabilized panel having high joining strength by superposing a flat material on the upper and lower faces of the brazing sheet.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To continuously form a stabilized panel having high joining strength by superposing a flat material on the upper and lower faces of the brazing sheet plating a brazing filler metal on a steel strip and continuously brazing with heating it. CONSTITUTION:The steel strip 1 rewound from a coil rewinding reel 1-1 is passed through the plating tank 2 melting a brazing filler metal to execute the brazing filler metal plating. This brazing sheet 3 is then subjected to bending continuously by the embossing roll 4-1 of a bending machine 4. The two steel strips 5, 6 rewound by the rewinding reels 5-1, 6-2 arranged at the upper and lower parts of the sheet 3 are superposed on the brazing sheet 3 by feeding rolls 7-1, 7-2 respectively. In succession the brazing filler metal is pressure welded in order by a roll pressure welding device 9 with heating it in a molten state by a heating device 8. Thereafter, a sandwich strip steel 10 is cut in specified length by a cutter 11 and the brazed sandwich panel 12 in the specified size thereof is subjected to piling by a piler 13.
Patent•
30 May 1989
TL;DR: In this article, the column capital of a flat plate slab is formed with a flat case with a column hole at the center sections of the upper and lower steel sheets 3, 4 and concrete 6 placed in it.
Abstract: PURPOSE: To increase the shearing yield strength of a flat plate slab by using a sandwich concrete panel formed by placing concrete between upper and lower steel sheets as part of the column capital of the flat plate slab. CONSTITUTION: The outer peripheral sides of steel sheets 3, 4 arranged above and below at the required interval are closed by steel sheets 5, and a sandwich concrete panel 1 is formed with a flat case bored with a column hole 2 at the center sections of the upper and lower steel sheets 3, 4 and concrete 6 placed in it. The sandwich concrete panel 1 is fitted around a column 8 as part of the capital periphery of the slab column 8, then slab concrete 10 is placed.
Patent•
30 Jan 1989
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a sandwich panel-type building element, consisting of a core made of rigid foam which is not readily flammable, a supporting layer, applied to each panel side of the core, made of glass fibre-reinforced polyester, in each case a composite panel applied to the supporting layer and also a laminate layer was applied in the case of the composite panel facing away from the core.
Abstract: The invention relates to a sandwich panel-type building element, comprising a panel-type core made of rigid foam which is not readily flammable, a supporting layer, applied to each panel side of the core, made of glass fibre-reinforced polyester, in each case a composite panel, applied to the supporting layer, preferably made of plywood or pressboard, and also a laminate layer, applied in each case to the side of the composite panel facing away from the core, made of glass fibre-reinforced polyester with a gel-coat covering layer. In order to further develop a panel-type building element of this kind with a minimum of technical expenditure in such a way that the area of application is even greater, the two composite panels (6, 7) are produced from material which is not readily flammable and a metal insert (4) is applied to the supporting layer (2) of one panel side, which metal insert is covered by a further supporting layer (5), bonded to the assigned composite panel (6), made of glass fibre-reinforced polyester.
01 Jan 1989
TL;DR: In this paper, an experimental evaluation of static strength and damage growth resistance under spectrum loading of impacted carbon fibre reinforced epoxy sandwich panels is presented. But the authors focus on the case of barely visible impact damage, which is reflected in large strength reduction and furthermore in damage growth during fatigue loading.
Abstract: This paper presents an experimental evaluation of static strength and damage growth resistance under spectrum loading of impacted carbon fibre reinforced epoxy sandwich panels. The program includes determination of the influence of impact energy on damage visibility, damage size and distribution, and strength losses with respect to different skin thicknesses and core densities. In the case of barely visible impact damage the susceptibility of sandwich panels to impacts is reflected in large strength reduction and furthermore in damage growth during fatigue loading. The visibility of damage during the fatigue loading has been subsequently reduced. Damage growth and failure also occurred for non-visual impact damages.
Patent•
26 Jan 1989
TL;DR: In this article, a roll molding machine is used to mold a metal plate into a lath net, and a belt-like metal plate is fed continuously on upper and lower parts face-to-face.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain a sandwich panel having excellent fire resistance, being strongly made in a body with a metal plate through a lath net using a phenol foam as a core material and having excellent strength, by using the phenol foam as the core material. CONSTITUTION:Payoff reels 9 are placed at the beginning end, and a pair of belt-like metal plates 3a and 3b is fed continuously on upper and lower parts face to face. Lath net feeding apparatuses 10 for feeding continuously lath net 2 are placed between the upper and lower payoff reels. A roll molding machine 11 is placed in front of the payoff reels 9. Bent pieces 17a and 17b are formed toward both edge parts of the metal plates 3a and 3b by means of the roll molding machine 11. A lath net adhering machine 12 for adhering the lath nets 2 on the metal plates 3a and 3b with epoxy and urethane thermosetting resin adhesives is placed in front of the roll molding machine 11. A pouring and foaming machine 14 for pouring a phenol resin 1a is placed in front of a preheating apparatus 13. A continuous sandwich panel 4 is cut in a free length by means of a cutter 16 while running.
Patent•
03 Oct 1989
TL;DR: In this article, a honeycomb sandwich panel is formed into such a structure that the thickness thereof is made max. at the central part thereof and gradually reduced toward the edge parts thereof and the single surface of each of two surface panels of the HBS panel is flat and the other single surface thereof has a triangular cross-section whose apex is the center of the panel.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To simplify a structure and to reduce the use amount of a honeycomb core and that of an edge material, by making the thickness of a panel max. at the central part thereof and gradually reducing said thickness gradually toward the edge parts of said panel. CONSTITUTION:A honeycomb sandwich panel is formed into such a structure that the thickness thereof is made max. at the central part thereof and gradually reduced toward the edge parts thereof and the single surface of each of two surface panels of the honeycomb sandwich panel is flat and the other single surface thereof has a triangular cross-section whose apex is the center of the panel. For example, when said panel is used as a floor panel, the surface flat panel is used on a surface side. By using a panel material as an edge material, the material of a honeycomb core can be conserved and the structure of the edge part becomes simple and wt. reduction is achieved.
01 Jan 1989
TL;DR: In this article, a two degree of freedom inertial model is developed for the 180 mm span test to give the local deformation of specimen in the vicinity of the impactor and hence the effect of local stresses on failure.
Abstract: Results are given for impact tests for a mass of 4.3 kg dropped from a height of up to 3m onto a GRP sandwich beam in a three point bend configuration. Force versus deflection traces are derived from accelerometer data and the effect of span and impact velocity discussed. A two degree of freedom inertial model is developed for the 180 mm span test to give the local deformation of specimen in the vicinity of the impactor and hence the effect of local stresses on failure. High speed photographic data is used to supplement experimental results.
Patent•
27 Dec 1989
TL;DR: In this article, a rigid foam plastic panel is used to construct a building roof for constructing building roofs, consisting of a sandwich panel and a longitudinal beam, which is made up of polystyrene panels.
Abstract: of EP0347564A panel for constructing building roofs comprising a sandwich panel (1) and a longitudinal beam (2), arranged and fastened in the region of one longitudinal end face (3) of the said sandwich panel. The sandwich panel (1) is made up of a rigid foam plastic panel (4), consisting in particular of polystyrene, and a lower cover panel (5) and upper cover panel (5) adhesively attached to the latter. The longitudinal beam (2) comprises an I section, on the lower flange part (7) of which, facing the rigid foam plastic panel (4), the sandwich panel (1) rests with its lower cover panel (5), the web (8) of the said I section bears against the longitudinal end face (3) of the rigid foam plastic panel (1) and its upper flange part (9), facing the rigid foam plastic panel (1), engages in a corresponding longitudinal groove (10) provided in the rigid foam plastic panel (4). Furthermore, the rigid foam plastic panel (4) has on its other longitudinal end face (11) a corresponding longitudinal groove (12) for the upper flange part (9) of the I section of a neighbouring panel. Production is made easier here if the I section (2) comprises a steel sheet shaped by cold rolling or cold drawing and its upper flange (13) is arranged at a distance from the upper cover panel (6).
Patent•
09 Jan 1989
TL;DR: In this paper, a spacer in a monolithic form and an adhesive agent are interposed between the top side 5b and bottom side 5c of the joint to improve adhesive strength.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To improve adhesive strength by eliminating adhesion irregularity, by interposing a spacer in a monolithic form and adhesive agent into a joint between a sandwich panel and joint tool. CONSTITUTION:It is favorable when monolithic form holding parts 4b, 4c of a spacer 4 exist on the outside of a joint 5 of a panel 1 and joint tool 2 and a monolithic form holding part 4a exists on an end part 5a of the joint 5. Thickness holding parts 4d-4g of an adhesive agent of the spacer 4 is interposed between the top side 5b and bottom side 5c of the joint 5, through which the adhesive agent 3 is held into a gap of the joint 5 to be formed. The spacer 4 is fitted to the panel 1 extending to the bottom side from the top side under a state where the spacer 4 is installed along the insertion direction of the joint tool 2 and both are joined and stuck together by inserting them into the joint 5 of the panel 1 or the joint tool 2 or the joint 5 for both of them under a state where the adhesive agent 3 has been applied to the joint 5. As the thickness holding parts 4d-4g are in parallel with the insertion direction, they also don' deviate at the time of insertion of the panel 1 and joint tool 2; therefore, adhesion irregularity is not generated on the adhesive agent 3.