Showing papers on "Sativum published in 1971"
TL;DR: Field experiments carried out at Cambridge in 1968 and 1969 have produced evidence on the relative importance of leaves and other photosynthetic tissues in determining the yields of pods and seeds in another seed crop, namely oilseed rape.
Abstract: For seed crops other than cereals there have been comparatively few comprehensive field studies which have analysed the physiological basis of the effects of genotype and agronomic treatments on growth, development and yield. Milbourn & Hardwick (1968), working on vining peas (Pisum sativum L.), have recently shown that pod growth rate and the yield of seeds are not simple functions of leaf area index and that sourc es of materials other than the leaves are important in affecting the yields of pods and seeds. Furthermore, Flinn & Pato (1970) have shown that the pods themselves can contribute to assimilation in the field pea (Pisum arvense L.). Field experiments carried out at Cambridge in 1968 and 1969 have produced evidence on the relative importance of leaves and other photosynthetic tissues in determining the yields of pods and seeds in another seed crop, namely oilseed rape. The experiment in 1969 is described and discussed below.
78 citations
TL;DR: Crops that underwent a significant YD because of excess Zn were stunted but showed no discoloration, malformation, or necrosis indicative of a direct metal toxicity.
Abstract: The objective of this research was to evaluate the tolerance of economic plant species to excessive levels of available Zn in the soil Fifteen field crop and three vegetable crop species were grown under uniform conditions in a growth chamber in alkaline soil treated with 10, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 ppm Zn Response was evaluated in terms of dry matter yield decrease (YD) and Zn concentration in tops Grass species were most sensitive and had maximum YD's greater than 40% Alfalfa (Medicago saliva L), Alaska pea (Pisuni sativum L), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill), lettuce (Latuca saliva L), spinach (Spinacia oleracea), and sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L) had YD's between 20 and 40% Field bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L), snap bean, russet potato (Solanum tuberosum L), white potato, clover (Trifolium repens L), and Perfection pea (Pisum sativum L) did not undergo a significant YD Zinc concentrations in tops associated with a 20% YD ranged from 240 ppm for field bean to 740 ppm for sugarbeet, with most crops falling in a 400 to 600-ppm range The most sensitive species tolerated Zn additions of 200 to 300 ppm before undergoing a significant YD Crops that underwent a significant YD because of excess Zn were stunted but showed no discoloration, malformation, or necrosis indicative of a direct metal toxicity
74 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the properties of α-galactosidase from mature seeds from various higher plant species have been examined for multiple forms of α. The properties of corresponding forms from Pisum sativum and Vicia faba have been compared.
38 citations
37 citations
36 citations
TL;DR: A new auxin-related metabolite has been isolated from immature seeds of Pisum sativum and its structure has been determined as monomethyl-4-chloroindolyl-3-acetyl-L-aspartate.
Abstract: A new auxin-related metabolite has been isolated from immature seeds of Pisum sativum and its structure has been determined as monomethyl-4-chloroindolyl-3-acetyl-L-aspartate. Neither indolyl-3-acetic acid nor its methyl ester have been detected in immature seeds by gas-liquid chromatographic analysis.
33 citations
30 citations
TL;DR: The results indicate that sublethal concentrations of s-triazine compounds affect the physiological and biochemical events in plants which favor more utilization of carbohydrates for nitrate reduction and synthesis of amino acids and proteins.
Abstract: Foliar applications of 2 milligrams per liter of 2-chloro-4,6-bis (ethylamino)-s-triazine, 2-methylmercapto-4-ethylamino-6-isobutylamino-s-triazine, and 2-methoxy-4-isopropylamino-6-butylamino-s-triazine caused increases in the activities of starch phosphorylase, pyruvate kinase, cytochrome oxidase, and glutamate dehydrogenase 5, 10, and 15 days after treatment in the leaves of 3-week-old seedlings of pea (Pisum sativum L.) and sweet corn (Zea mays L.). The results indicate that sublethal concentrations of s-triazine compounds affect the physiological and biochemical events in plants which favor more utilization of carbohydrates for nitrate reduction and synthesis of amino acids and proteins.
29 citations
TL;DR: The effect of IAA and three synthetic auxins on the upward movement of 32P-orthophosphate and 14C-sucrose has been investigated in decapitated stems of Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, Coleus blumci L. and Helianthus annuus.
Abstract: The effect of IAA and three synthetic auxins on the upward movement of 32P-orthophosphate and 14C-sucrose has been investigated in decapitated stems of Phaseolus vulgaris L., Pisum sativum L., Coleus blumci L. and Helianthus annuus L. IAA greatly enhanced the accumulation of 32P-orthophosphate in Phaseolus vulgaris and Pisum sativum, whereas in C. blumei and H. annuus it did not. 2,4-D like IAA, caused an increase in 14C-sucrose and 32P-orthophosphate accumulation in Phaseolus vulgaris but, unlike IAA, caused no increase in Pisum sativum. The downward transport of 14C-IAA, 14C-NAA, 14C-2,4-D and 14C-2,4,5-T from the decapitated apex was also studied. Results are discussed in terms of current theories of hormone-directed transport.
28 citations
TL;DR: Testing the hypothesis that inhibition of the lateral buds by the rhizome apex largely depends on the supply of water, nitrogen and carbohydrate with peas suggests that for this species water stress may be particularly significant.
Abstract: A recent study of apical dominance in isolated rhizomes of Agropyron repens L. Beauv. suggested that inhibition of the lateral buds by the rhizome apex largely depends on the supply of water, nitrogen and carbohydrate, any of which could act as a limiting factor and thus determine the degree of inhibition1. To test this hypothesis, further experiments were conducted with peas (Pisum sativum, variety ‘Alaska’), which exhibit strong apical dominance and which are widely used in the study of this phenomenon2. The results agreed well with the concept of limiting nutritional factors and suggest that for this species water stress may be particularly significant.
23 citations
TL;DR: Desynapsis has been reported in two diploid and one tecraploid species of Allium that upsets the course of meiosis and results in pollen grains with varying chromosome numbers and considerably reduced fertility.
Abstract: Desynapsis has been reported in two diploid (Allium sativum and A. consanguineum) and one tecraploid (A. tuberosum) species of Allium. The desynaptic A. sativum is totally male sterile. A. consangu...
TL;DR: Quantitative studies of the translocation of radiocarbon from a young expanded leaf of two tall varieties (Improved Pilot and Thomas Laxton) and two dwarf varieties (Little Marvel and Meteor) of Pisum sativum showed that 40 to 45 per cent of the radiOCarbon was exported from the 14CO2 treated leaf after 24 hours in all four varieties.
Abstract: Quantitative studies of the translocation of radiocarbon from a young expanded leaf of two tall varieties (Improved Pilot and Thomas Laxton) and two dwarf varieties (Little Marvel and Meteor) of Pisum sativum showed that 40 to 45 per cent of the radiocarbon was exported from the 14CO2 treated leaf after 24 hours in all four varieties. Although substantial export to the upper shoot always occurred it was more marked in the two tall varieties. Pre-treatment with GA did not affect total fixation but increased total export from the 14CO2 treated leaf in cv. Meteor and decreased it in cv. Improved Pilot. GA had no effect on the translocation pattern in the tall plants but modified that of the dwarf plants to correspond to that found in the tall varieties.
TL;DR: Small amounts of these two types of “plasmalogens” were found to occur in green peas, both in the dormant seeds, and, in larger proportions, in seedlings.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The specific activity of enzymes involved in glutamate metabolism in the nodule were found to be approximately 2–4 times higher than those of the root and 5–10 higher thanThose of the shoot.
Abstract: The specific activity of enzymes involved in glutamate metabolism in the nodule were found to be approximately 2–4 times higher than those of the root and 5–10 higher than those of the shoot. The occurence of multiple forms of these enzymes in nodule, shoot and root is investigated by using starch gel electrophoresis.
TL;DR: Sources of resistance to Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) are found in commercial Pisum sativum L. seeds, and the insect may be utilizing seed amylase activity, in addition to its own α-amylase, for initial digestion of starch granules in the intact seed.
TL;DR: The dynamics of the germination and formation of lateral roots under constant conditions were studied in pea Pisum sativum L., cv.
Abstract: The dynamics of the germination and formation of lateral roots under constant conditions were studied in pea Pisum sativum L., cv. Pyram. Various parameters of the above processes were evaluated statistically. The time at which the germination proceeds at the maximum rate was found to be 24·9 h from the start of the imbibition of seeds. The standard deviation of the germination time of an individual seed from the time corresponding to the maximum of germinated seeds was found to be 4·0 h. The formation of the lateral root primordia took place at 54·2 ± 2·9 h. At 73·5 ± 5·5 h from the beginning of the experiment, laterals on the surfaces of primary roots of seedlings became apparent. Differential curves of the distribution of the above processes were plotted graphically. The data obtained are valid for the given conditions and given experimental procedure. The methods described can be used in studies of primary root branching in various plant species.
Patent•
09 Dec 1971
TL;DR: A process for stimulating the growth of allantoinic types of cultivated plants to improve yield and quality comprises subjecting the plants, seeds, follicles or soil to the action of ribo- or desoxyribo-nucleic acids or their degradation products or the products of the catabolism of their purine or pyrimidine fractions such as allantoin, allantoic acid, alanine, glycine, tryptophane and folic acid as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: A process for stimulating the growth of allantoinic types of cultivated plants to improve yield and quality comprises subjecting the plants, seeds, follicles or soil to the action of ribo- or desoxyribo-nucleic acids or their degradation products or the products of the catabolism of their purine or pyrimidine fractions such as allantoin, allantoic acid, alanine, glycine, tryptophane and folic acid. Suitable plants for responding to such treatment are specif. Triticum vulgare, Beta vulgaris, Lactuca sativa, Raphanus sativa, Sinapis nigra, cucumus sativus, Avena stavia, Horedum vulgare, Oryza sativa, Secale cereale, Zea mays, Alium sp., Glycina hispida, Latirum silverstris, Phascelsus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, Trifolium pratense, Nicotina tabacum, Solanum tuberosum, Tilia silvestris, Daucus carrota, Canabis sativum, Medicago sativa, Humukus lupulus, sp. Capsecum annum.
TL;DR: Five varieties of Pisum sativum L. were tested for seedborne fungi and it was observed that fungi likeAlternaria, Aspergillus, Rhizopus, Mucor andFusarium were dominant in all the varieties and were responsible for reduction in germination percentage of seeds.
Abstract: Five varieties ofPisum sativum L. were tested for seedborne fungi. Tests were conducted by standard International Seed Testing methods. It was observed that fungi likeAlternaria, Aspergillus, Rhizopus, Mucor andFusarium were associated with all the five varieties tested.Fusarium andRhizopus were dominant in all the varieties. They were also responsible for reduction in germination percentage of seeds. Early December was selected for testing the efficacy of certain fungicides (namely, Agrosan G.N., Ceresan, Copper carbonate, Tafasan, Tillex, Stardex and Sulphur) against seedborne fungi ofPisum sativum L., Agrosan G.N. and Ceresan gave the better control of seedborne pathogens without any adverse effect on germination.
01 Jan 1971
TL;DR: The effects of temperature and sulphur nutrition on the growth, yield and mineral composition (N, NO3-N, S and SO4-S) of Hordeum vulgare L. cv Olli, Pisum sativum L.cv Dark Skin Perfection, and Brassica campestris L.Cv Arlo, were investigated in controlled environments as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The effects of temperature and sulphur nutrition on the growth, yield and mineral composition (N, NO3-N, S and SO4-S) ofHordeum vulgare L. cv Olli,Pisum sativum L. cv Dark Skin Perfection, andBrassica campestris L. cv Arlo, were investigated in controlled environments.
Journal Article•
01 Jan 1971
TL;DR: In this article, the results indicate that sub-lethal concentrations of s-triazine compounds affect the physiological and biochemical events in plants which favor more utilization of carbohydrates for nitrate reduction and synthesis of amino acids and proteins.
Abstract: Foliar applications of 2 milligrams per liter of 2-chloro4, 6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine, 2-methylmercapto-4-ethylamino-6-isobutylamino-s-triazine, and 2-methoxy-4-isopropylamino6-butylamino-s-triazine caused increases in the activities of starch phosphorylase, pyruvate kinase, cytochrome oxidase, and glutamate dehydrogenase 5, 10, and 15 days after treatment in the leaves of 3-week-old seedlings of pea (Pisum sativum L.) and sweet corn (Zea mays L.). The results indicate that sublethal concentrations of s-triazine compounds affect the physiological and biochemical events in plants which favor more utilization of carbohydrates for nitrate reduction and synthesis of amino acids and proteins.
TL;DR: Observations on the relative degree of root nodulation were made on tall and short cultivars of Pisum sativum and Phaseolus vulgaris sown at dates appropriate to each cultivar and grown under conditions of ordinary horticultural practice to find differences in number and weight between dwarf and climbing cultivars were not consistent between years.
Abstract: Observations on the relative degree of root nodulation were made for three successive years on tall and short cultivars of Pisum sativum and Phaseolus vulgaris sown at dates appropriate to each cultivar and grown under conditions of ordinary horticultural practice. In P. sativum , it was found that the shorter the cultivar, the greater were the number and weight of nodules per plant and the weight of nodules as a percentage of plant weight; dwarf cultivars also produced a greater weight of nodules per square metre of ground occupied and per square metre per day of crop growth. In Ph. vulgaris , differences in number and weight of nodules per plant between dwarf and climbing cultivars were not consistent between years. In a single comparison between Ph. uulgaris and Ph. multiflorus (scarlet runner beans), numbers and weights of nodules per plant were almost identical. Some agronomic implications of these findings are discussed.