Showing papers on "Sativum published in 1981"
TL;DR: Enzymes from both plants transferred fructosyl residues from trisaccharides to form tetrasaccharide and sucrose as the major products, which self-transfer predominated even in the presence of higher molecular weight acceptor molecules.
Abstract: SUMMARY
In Allium cepa (cv. Creamgold), A. cepa (cv. Bunching Onion), A. porrum (leek) and A. sativum (garlic), fructans were the only nonstructural carbohydrates detected apart from glucose, fructose and sucrose. No starch or members of the raffinose series of oligosaccharides were detected. Both cultivars of A. cepa, and A. porrum had fructan polymers of the same length. The maximum DP (degree of polymerization) detected was 12. However, maximum carbohydrate concentration occurred in DP5 for A. cepa (cv. Bunching Onion) and DP12 for A. porrum. A. sativum was different from the other species in that larger polymers were present, reaching a DP of 50. The trisaccharides, 1F-fructosylsucrose and 6G-fructosylsucrose were found in all species. A. cepa and A. sativum contained similar fructan: fructan frutosyltransferases. Enzymes from both plants transferred fructosyl residues from trisaccharide to form tetrasaccharide and sucrose as the major products. This self-transfer predominated even in the presence of higher molecular weight acceptor molecules.
132 citations
83 citations
54 citations
TL;DR: Results from this study show that N(2) fixation interacts with leaf photosynthetic efficiency and plant growth in a manner that is dependent upon the allocation of symbiotically fixed N.
Abstract: Pea plants (Pisum sativum L. cv. Alaska) were inoculated individually with one of 15 Rhizobium leguminosarum strains and grown under uniform environmental conditions in the absence of combined N. Differences in effectiveness of the Rhizobium strains produced plants with differing rates of whole plant apparent N2 fixation and total N content at the same morphological stage of development. Plants were analyzed to determine interactions between N2 fixation, N allocation, apparent photosynthesis, and growth. Total leaf N increased linearly with total N2 fixation (R2 = 0.994). The proportion of total N allocated to leaves, the per cent N content of individual leaves, and the photosynthetic efficiency of individual leaves showed a curvilinear response with increasing plant N content. Differences in allocation patterns of leaf N between plants with low and high N content resulted in differences in the relationship between total N content and plant dry weight. Results from this study show that N2 fixation interacts with leaf photosynthetic efficiency and plant growth in a manner that is dependent upon the allocation of symbiotically fixed N.
52 citations
Journal Article•
46 citations
TL;DR: A wide genetic variation, with regard to symbiotic response to a standard set of Rhizobium strains, was demonstrated in the fulvum plants collected in Israel and based on variation in N2-fixation three groups of plants can be distinguished.
Abstract: Pisum sativum ecotype fulvum forms ineffective nodules with Rhizobium strains, isolated from effective nodules of the cultivated pea in Europe. Rhizobium strains isolated from nodules of fulvum peas in Israel are fully effective on this host plant, but in association with the cultivated pea they induce nodules of poor N2-fixing activity. The distribution of these fulvum-specific Rhizobium strains is restricted to regions where the fulvum pea occurs naturally. Rhizobium strains from other geographical regions induce mainly ineffective, or partially effective nodules on fulvum plants.
39 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, high-performance liquid chromatography has been used to study isoflavonoid accumulation in copper(II) chloride stressed Pisum sativum, and the relationships of these metabolites to isoflonoid biosynthesis and stress response in pea are discussed.
26 citations
26 citations
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24 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a comparative study was made of the effects of high concentrations of NaCl, KCl and MgCl2 on two electron transport reactions of thylakoids isolated from a mesophyte, Pisum sativum and a halophyte Aster tripolium, but differences in the response of photosystem I to salinity changes were observed for the two species.
Abstract: A comparative study was made of the effects of high concentrations of NaCl, KCl and MgCl2 on two electron transport reactions of thylakoids isolated from a mesophyte, Pisum sativum and a halophyte, Aster tripolium. The rate of photosystem I mediated electron transport from reduced N, N, N′, N′-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine (TMPD) to methyl viologen was determined polarographically, and photosystem II mediated electron flow from water to 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol (DCPIP) was monitored spectrophotometrically. The response of photosystem II to increasing in vitro salt concentrations was similar for thylakoids isolated from both A. tripolium and P. sativum, but differences in the response of photosystem I to salinity changes were observed for the two species. Increasing NaCl, KCl and MgCl2 concentrations produced similar patterns of response of photosystem I activity in P. sativum thylakoids, whilst for A. tripolium KCl induced a completely different response pattern compared to NaCl and MgCl2. The salinity of the culture medium in which A. tripolium was grown also had an effect on both the absolute in vitro activities of photosystems I and II and their response to changes in salt concentration of the reaction media.
TL;DR: Fruits of Pisum sativum L. cv.
TL;DR: Basic subunits of legumin of Pisum sativum undergo a modification on storage of dry seeds which increases their apparent MW on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and decreases their pI values.
TL;DR: It is concluded that the two considered genes ra and rb are involved in storage protein synthesis and influence only slightly the storage protein patterns but greatly the relative amount of globulin fractions.
Abstract: ter, Genetic markers, Electrophoresis. Nine cultivars representing four genotype classes involving two genes ra and rb which are implicated in the smooth-wrinkled character of seeds and in the simple-compound character of starch granules, have been investigated through storage protein electrophoretic patterns. Proteins were alternatively extracted from flours and from protein bodies which were obtained either from cotyledons or from seed flours. Vicilin and legumin fractions were isolated from globulins originating from different sources. Their amino acid compositions were analyzed and the legumin-vicilin ratios were calculated. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide (homogeneous or gradient) gel electrophoresis was used to reveal the heterogeneity of the fractions. If the electrophoregrams of protein body crude extract allowed cultivar comparison, only purified vicilin ones could be interpreted in order to classify the cultivars in groups corresponding to the different genotypes. Comparing the vicilin patterns of the four genotypes, correlation between wrinkled phenotypes and presence of a 60 kD vicilin band is evidenced. As for cereal mutants, the genes involved in the polysaccharide synthesis influence only slightly the storage protein patterns but greatly the relative amount of globulin fractions. It is concluded that the two considered genes ra and rb are involved in storage protein synthesis.
TL;DR: In this article, the density of the root tissues at atmospheric pressure decreased with distance from the tip, approaching 1% at a distance of 4 mm from the root tip, and the gas content of the meristem was less than 0.05% total tissue volume.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: A simple technique which allows dry seeds of Pisum sativum to be prepared for thin sectioning is described together with the results obtained with two genotypes of pea, where differences in certain cytoplasmic components and in their distribution can be detected in the dry Seeds of the two genotype.
TL;DR: The radioactivities of the 5α-pregnane derivatives were considerably higher than those of the corresponding 5β-pregnancy derivatives and the radioactivITIES of the 4-hydroxy-4- pregnen-3-one and 3-Hydroxy-5-pregnan-20-one were more than twice those after one week.
TL;DR: The gaschromatographic ethylene determination allows for an early and reliable differentiation of fungicidal activities against the barley stripe disease.
Abstract: Grains of barley (Hordeum sativum L.); infected with the parasitic, systemic fungus Drechslera graminea, produce more ethylen than uninfected controls. Treatment of infected grains with mercury-free fungicides yields a differentiated suppression of the ethylene evolution 7 d after the beginning of germination. Suppression of visible symptoms (chlorotic stripes on leaves) appearing six to eight weeks after germination of infected, untreated seeds correlates with the decrease in ethylene formation after treatment with fungicides. The gaschromatographic ethylene determination thus allows for an early and reliable (significance higher than 99.9%) differentiation of fungicidal activities against the barley stripe disease.
TL;DR: It was concluded that early sowing was important to ensure maximum N accumulation and seedprotein yield, and relatively small extension to the growth period by irrigation or reliable summer rain should achieve significant increases in seed protein yield.
Abstract: The pattern of nitrogen distribution in field grown Lupinus albus, L. luteus, Pisum sativum, and Vicia faba which were sown in August or October, was measured. Although rates of N accumulation were similar, the start and duration of the rapid N accumulation phase differed between species. L. albus had the longest accumulation phase, which contributed to its superior seed protein yield. The data suggest that, in the field, timing of the initiation of the ‘self destruction‘ cycle in grain legumes is an important determinant of seed protein yield and can be initiated by the effects of water stress. The exception to this was P. sativum in which, at the early sowing, self shading may have been an important factor. It was concluded that early sowing was important to ensure maximum N accumulation and seed protein yield. Relatively small extension to the growth period by irrigation or reliable summer rain should achieve significant increases in seed protein yield.
01 Jan 1981
TL;DR: Little relationship was found between the Laboratory results and the field performance, it was suggested, however, that plant breeders routinely perform germination tests at 5°C and conductivity tests for several years prior to the release of a cultivar.
Abstract: Four faba bean (Vicia faba L) and four pea (Pisum sativum L) cultivars of varying seed moisture levels were examined for germination, seedling dry weight, seed leakage, field emergence and field performance. Little relationship was found between the Laboratory results and the field performance. It was suggested, however, that plant breeders routinely perform germination tests at 5°C and conductivity tests for several years prior to the release of a cultivar. This would help to prevent the release of cultivars with extremely poor germination characteristics.
01 Dec 1981
01 Jan 1981