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Showing papers on "Sativum published in 1985"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The reduced nodulation and N2 fixation in P-deficient plants seem to be caused by impaired shoot metabolism and not by a direct effect of P deficiency of the nodules.
Abstract: The influence of P on N2 fixation and dry matter production of young pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Bodil) plants grown in a soil-sand mixture was investigated in growth cabinet experiments. Nodule dry weight, specific C2H2 reduction and P concentration in shoots responded to P addition before any growth response could be observed. The P concentration in nodules responded only slightly to P addition. A supply of P to P-deficient plants increased both the nodule dry weight, specific C2H2 reduction and P concentration in shoots relatively faster than it increased shoot dry weight and P concentration in nodules. Combined N applied to plants when N2 fixation had commenced, increased shoot dry weight only at the highest P levels. This indicates that the smaller plant growth at the low P levels did not result from N deficiency. The reduced nodulation and N2 fixation in P-deficient plants seem to be caused by impaired shoot metabolism and not by a direct effect of P deficiency of the nodules.

172 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of excess nutrient levels of Zn and Mn on the activity of the leaf metalloenzymes catalase and the SOD isozyme system, involved in the cell protection assembly against O2-derived toxicity, was studied in pea plants.

68 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The distribution of saponin in various air-classified pea flour fractions shows that the protein-rich fraction may contain sufficient sapon in order to cause undesirable tastes.

58 citations


01 Jan 1985
TL;DR: The results, which indicate a high level of DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism in pea, suggest sufficient variation to permit the construction of a highly detailed linkage map.

55 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results suggest that Fe 2+ is essential for ESP activity, but its presence certainly promoted the effects of ESP to a considerable extent, and even at a very low level (e.g. 6 × 10 −11 mol Fe 2-).

48 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Feb 1985-Planta
TL;DR: Gibberellins (GAs) A17, A19, A20, A29, A44, 2βOH-GA44 (tentative) and GA29-catabolite were identified in 21-day-old seeds of Pisum sativum cv.
Abstract: Gibberellins (GAs) A17, A19, A20, A29, A44, 2βOH-GA44 (tentative) and GA29-catabolite were identified in 21-day-old seeds of Pisum sativum cv. Alaska (tall). These GAs are qualitatively similar to those in the dwarf cultivar Progress No. 9 with the exception of GA19 which does not accumulate in Progress seeds. There was no evidence for the presence of 3-hydroxylated GAs in 21 day-old Alaska seeds. Dark-grown shoots of the cultivar Alaska contein GA1, GA8, GA20, GA29, GA8-catabolite and GA29-catabolite. Dark-grown shoots of the cultivar Progress No.9 contain GA8, GA20, GA29 and GA29-catabolite, and the presence of GA1 was strongly indicated. Quantitation using GAs labelled with stable isotope showed the level of GA1 in dark-grown shoots of the two cultivars to be almost identical, whilst the levels of GA20, GA29 and GA29-catabolite were significantly lower in Alaska than in Progress No. 9. The levels of these GAs in dark-grown shoots were 102- to 103-fold less than the levels in developing seeds. The 2-epimer of GA29 is present in dark-grown-shoot extracts of both cultivars and is not thought to be an artefact.

37 citations




Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A Cd-binding protein was isolated from pea plants grown in the presence of 0.5 mg Cd/1 nutrient solution and a high proportion of the metal was found in the 6,000–10,000 molecular weight fraction, which coincided with a 280/250 nm absorption ratio of Pisum sativum.

24 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Control of gene expression may occur during transcription and/or post-transcriptional events in developing pea cotyledons because sulphur deficiency affects storage-protein genes.
Abstract: The effects of sulphur deficiency on the expression of storage-protein genes in developing pea (Pisum sativum) cotyledons were studied. Legumin-gene transcription was decreased by S-deficiency, but not to the same extent as the decrease in the level of legumin mRNA. Vicilin-gene transcription was not significantly affected. Control of gene expression may thus occur during transcription and/or post-transcriptional events.

21 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
01 Dec 1985-Botany
TL;DR: Within 10 days of infestation, aphid feeding significantly reduced plant dry weights and mean relative growth rates for the six plant–aphid combinations and the mean leaf area ratio was the same for infested and control plants.
Abstract: The effects of various densities of cowpea aphids (Aphis craccivora Koch) and pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris), both Homoptera: Aphididae, on the growth of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. cv. Caloona), broad bean (Vicia faba L. cv. Aquadulce), and garden pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Victory Freezer) seedlings were investigated. Within 10 days of infestation, aphid feeding significantly reduced plant dry weights and mean relative growth rates for the six plant–aphid combinations. In all cases except one, the mean unit leaf or net assimilation rate was also significantly reduced within 10 days. The mean leaf area ratio was the same for infested and control plants. The aphid-induced changes in host plants appear to be due to changes in photosynthesis, respiration, and translocate removal from the phloem over the 10-day period. Changes in the growth patterns of the host plant within this period are similar, but the underlying physiological effects could vary among particular plant–aphid combinations.

01 Jan 1985
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of cadmium, lead, zinc and copper, singly and in combination, on yield, heavy metal content and the mineral composition of Allium porrum L and Pisum sativum L. have been investigated.
Abstract: The effects of cadmium, lead, zinc and copper, singly and in combination, on yield, heavy metal content and the mineral composition of Allium porrum L. and Pisum sativum L. have been investigated. The Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu concentrations of shoots and roots of Allium porrum increased with increasing heavy metal contamination of soil. However, no visible symptoms of heavy metal toxicity were recognized. The dry matter production was reduced as a function of heavy metal concentration and combination. The mechanisms of combinations were mostly synergistic. The correlation between pollutant contents (nmol/shoot) and yield was higher than the correlation between heavy metal concentrations of soil or shoots (ppm) and yield. Results of regression analyses showed that the inhibition of copper translocation caused by Cd, Pb and Zn was responsible for the yield depressions. The antagonism between Cd and N-deficiency showed that the level of N-supply was without negative effects on yield depressions of Pisum sativum caused by Cd. In contrast to this, the N-form played an important role in Cd-toxicity as the synergism between Cd and NH4 illustrated. K-deficiency as well as acidic nutrient solution (pH=4) diminished the root/shoot-barrier for Cd and therefore Cd-translocation from roots to shoots increased. Concerning calcium, magnesium and iron the decrease of ion uptake caused by Cd was statistically significant higher than yield depression.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The legume crops generally increased soil nitrate status between their sowing and the sowing of a wheat crop 2 years later; such increases were greatest with Pisum sativum at the high fertility site, with a suggestion of the reverse occurring at the low fertility site.
Abstract: Two field experiments examined the influence of soil nitrogen on grain yield, wateruse efficiency and residual nitrate accumulation of four winter grain legumes in a legume–fallow–wheat rotation. In the first experiment, conducted on a clay soil with a high total soil nitrogen content (0·194%), the three legumes Cicer arietinum, Vicia faba and Pisum sativum gave similar yields, with Lupinus angustifolius showing poor yields. Water-use efficiencies followed similar trends to the grain yields. Wheat yields and concentration of nitrogen in the grain, following a fallow after the legume crops, showed no differences from a full 2-year fallow. In the second experiment on a low fertility soil (0·081 % total soil nitrogen), Cicer arietinum gave the highest yield and the greatest water-use efficiency. All legumes and long fallow resulted in a similar increase in wheat yield when compared with a wheat-fallow-wheat rotation. The legume crops generally increased soil nitrate status between their sowing and the sowing of a wheat crop 2 years later; such increases were greatest with Pisum sativum at the high fertility site, with a suggestion of the reverse occurring at the low fertility site.

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 1985

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results presented in this study suggest possible regulatory control by polyamines of lysine decarboxylase activity in Pisum sativum seedlings.
Abstract: Cadaverine was found to be formed in Pisum sativum seedlings via a specific lysine decarboxylation pathway as revealed by specific inhibitor studies. Lysine decarboxylation activity was recorded in the meristems and non-meristematic tissue of the shoots and the roots. In the shoot elongation zone, the specific activity was double that in the other tissues and cadaverine level was 90-fold higher. The results presented in this study suggest possible regulatory control by polyamines of lysine decarboxylase activity in Pisum sativum seedlings.

Journal Article
TL;DR: Researchers have identified two new species of root-knot nematode in Columbia: Phaseolus vulgaris and Pisum sativum, both of which are Gram-positive nematodes and have shown the ability to “talk” to each other through contact chemoreception.
Abstract: Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, Columbia root-knot nematode, northern root-knot nematode.




Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new derivative of pyridoxine was formed from PN in seedlings of podded pea, Pisum sativum L. cv.
Abstract: A new derivative of pyridoxine was formed from PN in seedlings of podded pea, Pisum sativum L. cv. Kinusaya, together with 5'-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)pyridoxine and 5'-O-[6-O-(3-hydroxy-3-methyl-4-carboxybutanoyl)-beta-D-glucopyran osyl] pyridoxine. The compound was isolated and identified as 5'-O-(6-O-malonyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)pyridoxine.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that the major flowering genes Dn* in L. odoratus and Sn and Dne in P. sativum control steps in a biochemical pathway common to these two species and that the product of this pathway inhibits flowering and promotes outgrowth of basal laterals in both species.






Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Root protoplasts provide a useful experimental system for cultural studies and genetic manipulations, especially for those species which have previously been recalcitrant in culture.
Abstract: A simple enzymatic method has been developed for the isolation of protoplasts in workable quantities from radicles of 1—3 days germinating seeds of twelve plant species, including eight legumes (Cajanus cajan, Glycine max, Medicago sativa, Phaseolus aureus, P. mungo, Pisum sativum, Trigonella foenum-graecum, and Vicia fabs) and four members of the Cruciferae (Brassica alba (Sinapsis alba), B. campestris, B. napus and B. oleracea). Root protoplasts showed high division potential, with callus formation in most species tested except C. cajan and V. faba, where only a few cell divisions were observed. Plantlets were regenerated from root protop]ast-derived tissues via shoot formation in B. napus and B. oleracea, and somatic embryogenesis in M. sativa, demonstrating the totipotency of root protoplasts. Root protoplasts provide a useful experimental system for cultural studies and genetic manipulations, especially for those species which have previously been recalcitrant in culture. The advantages of root protoplasts are discussed, together with the problems still to be overcome with this system.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Etudes autoradiographiques et cytochimiques permettant de limiter le centre quiescent dans les racines de P. sativum et relation avec the cellules a activite esterasique.