Showing papers on "Sativum published in 1989"
TL;DR: Preliminary analysis of the genetic behaviour of the myc− mutants in diallel crosses has shown that at least three genes are involved in VA mycorrhiza infection.
330 citations
TL;DR: Results from these experiments suggest that strains such as G2-8 and G11-32 may be of value as adjunct inoculants for lentil, but effects are dependent on the cultivar and cultivation system used.
Abstract: The potential of a number of putative plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial strains to enhance the growth and nitrogen fixation of western Canadian cultivars of lentil ( Lens esculenta Moench) and pea ( Pisum sativum L.) was assessed in field and laboratory studies. Nine strains were tested on a single cultivar of lentil (Eston) and pea (Trapper) in the field. None of the strains had any effect on growth of pea in the field, but in lentil inoculated with one or more of the rhizobacterial strains, there were significant increases in emergence, vigor, nodulation, C 2 H 2 reduction activity and root weight. Further laboratory studies conducted with the two best strains, G2-8 and G11-32 and lentil cv. Eston used four in vitro cultivation systems to determine the optimal conditions for plant growth enhancement. There was variation among experiments and cultivation systems but growth stimulation similar to that in the field was observed in trials with a sand column system. The best plant growth-promoting strain for Eston under in vitro conditions, G2-8, was then tested with lentil cv. Laird and plants inoculated with G2-8 had higher root and shoot dry weights and greater acetylene reduction than control plants in pot and sand column systems. Leonard jar and growth pouch systems were not satisfactory methods for observing growth enhancement of lentil by these bacterial strains, probably due to the slow growth rate of plants and watering method in the former system and the large seed size and short assay time in the latter. Results from these experiments suggest that strains such as G2-8 and G11-32 may be of value as adjunct inoculants for lentil, but effects are dependent on the cultivar and cultivation system used.
98 citations
98 citations
TL;DR: Explants from Pisum sativum shoot cultures and epicotyls were transformed by cocultivation with Agrobacterium tumefaciens vectors carrying plant selectable markers and transformants could be selected on a medium containing kanamycin, and the transformed nature of the calli obtained from selection was confirmed.
Abstract: Explants fromPisum sativum shoot cultures and epicotyls were transformed by cocultivation withAgrobacterium tumefaciens vectors carrying plant selectable markers and transformants could be selected on a medium containing kanamycin Transformants could also be obtained at a low frequency by cocultivating small protoplast-derived colonies The transformed nature of the calli obtained from selection was confirmed by opine assay and DNA analysis In addition five cultivars of pea were tested for their response to seven differentAgrobacterium tumefaciens strains The response pattern coincided largely between the different pea cultivars, being more dependent on the bacterial strain than the cultivar used
52 citations
40 citations
16 Jan 1989
TL;DR: The effect of Lepidium sativum and Sarsaparilla smilax used for fracture healing in Saudi folk medicine significantly increased collagen deposition at fracture position and the tensile strength of the broken tibiae increased in the treated group, supporting its folklore use.
Abstract: We investigated the effect of Lepidium sativum and Sarsaparilla smilax used for fracture healing in Saudi folk medicine. These drugs were tested for their effect on collagen deposition and tensile strength in experimental models. L. sativum significantly increased collagen deposition at fracture position. The tensile strength of the broken tibiae also increased in the L. sativum treated group, supporting its folklore use. In the S. smilax treated group the effect was insignificant.
39 citations
TL;DR: It seems probable that auxin from the embryonic axis induces α-amylase in the attached cotyledons during germination.
Abstract: The report documents how the development of α-amylase activity in detached cotyledons of Pisum sativum cv Alaska is accelerated 2- to 12-fold during incubation with 1 micromolar to 10 micromolar 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, or with 4-chloroindoleacetic acid, an endogenous auxin from Pisum sativum. It seems probable that auxin from the embryonic axis induces α-amylase in the attached cotyledons during germination.
35 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a new furostanol glycoside (2), named sativoside-B1, was isolated from garlic, bulbs of Allium sativum L., along with proto-desgalactotigonin (3).
Abstract: A new furostanol glycoside (2), named sativoside-B1, was isolated from garlic, bulbs of Allium sativum L., along with proto-desgalactotigonin (3). The structure of 2 was established to be (25R)-26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-22-hydroxy-5α-furostane-3β, 6β, 26-triol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranoside.From roots of this plant, two new steroidal glycosides, named sativoside-R1 (16) and sativoside-R2 (15) were isolated and their structures were determined to be (25R)-26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-22-hydroxy-5α-furostane-3β, 26-diol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (16) and its corresponding spirostanol glycoside (15). Besides these glycosides, three known glycosides, 3, desgalactotigonin (13) and F-gitonin (14) were isolated and identified.In a glycoside fraction of the leaves of A. sativum, steroidal glycosides were not detected by thin layer chromatography analysis.
32 citations
TL;DR: The absence of wide differences in nuclear DNA content in the varietal level indicate a close relationship between Coriandrum sativum L. and 4C, which have played a vital role in intervarietal DNA variation.
Abstract: Extensive karyological analysis including determination of somatic chromosome number, total chromosome length and volume and estimation of 4C DNA amount were carried out on 8 different varieties of Coriandrum sativum L. A significant variation in nuclear DNA amount was recorded in the varietal level. The structural alteration of chromosome as well as loss or addition of highly repetitive sequences in the genome have played a vital role in intervarietal DNA variation. The absence of wide differences in nuclear DNA content in the varietal level indicate a close relationship between them.
26 citations
TL;DR: Lupins and peas vary markedly in their tolerance to Fc deficiency, which is possibly relatcd to their ability to produce reactions around their roots which make Fe available for uptake.
Abstract: Variation exists betwecn lupins and peas and between spccies of lupins in their performancc on finetextured alkaline soils. Two species of lupins (Lupinus angustzfi,lius, L. cosentinii) and peas (Pisurn sativum) were grown on a fine-textured alkaline soil under conditions conducive to Fc dcficiency to deterrninc whether diffcrcnccs between spccies could bc related to susceptibility to Fe dcficicncy. Treatments induced severe Fc dcficiency and markedly rcduced growth of L. angu.stzfi,lius, had only a moderate effect on L. cosentinii, and had no effect on P. sativum. Poor growth and symptoms were closely related to Fc concentrations within the lcaves of plants. Lupins and peas therefore vary markedly in their tolerance to Fc deficiency, which is possibly relatcd to their ability to produce reactions around their roots which make Fe available for uptake.
23 citations
TL;DR: Field investigations carried out in two winter seasons of 1984–85 and 1985–86 on clay‐loam soil at the Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants revealed that unrestricted weed growth reduced the seed and oil yields of Bulgarian coriander by 40.3 and 37.0%, respectively.
Abstract: Field investigations carried out in two winter seasons of 1984–85 and 1985–86 on clay‐loam soil at the Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Regional Centre, Pantnagar, Naintial, India revealed that unrestricted weed growth reduced the seed and oil yields of Bulgarian coriander (Coriandrum sativum L. cv. S 33) by 40.3 and 37.0%, respectively. Applications of pendimethalin and fluchloralin at 0.75 and 1.00 kg a.i./ha, respectively causing 76.5 and 71.9% weed control, were most promising treatments, and gave seed and oil yields comparable to weed‐free check. Applications of oxadiazon at 0.25–0.75 kg a.i./ha and propanil at 1–2 kg a.i./ ha, although proved selective but failed to produce desired results. None of the treatments impaired the quality of coriander seed oil, measured in terms of d‐linalool content.
TL;DR: A quantitative assay to measure tumorigenesis on roots and root crowns, the natural sites of Agrobacterium tumefaciens infection, found that efficiency of tumor formation and tumor weight on seedlings of Pisum sativum ;Little Marvel' were directly proportional to the logarithm of inoculum concentration.
Abstract: We developed a quantitative assay to measure tumorigenesis on roots and root crowns, the natural sites of Agrobacterium tumefaciens infection. Efficiency of tumor formation and tumor weight on seedlings of Pisum sativum `Little Marvel9 were directly proportional to the logarithm of inoculum concentration. Depth of wounding prior to inoculation also significantly influenced tumor weight but not efficiency. Mean weight of tumors that developed in response to inoculation with strain B6 varied significantly among 34 different commercial cultivars. Tumors on the most susceptible cultivar, Target, were more than tenfold heavier than those formed on the least susceptible cultivar, Sweet Snap. Efficiency of tumorigenesis on `Sweet Snap9 was also relatively low: only 64% of inoculated seedlings developed tumors compared with 89 to 100% efficiencies for all other cultivars.
TL;DR: It is concluded that these three species, and V. faba in particular, may be growing below their potential in much of the UK.
TL;DR: Levels of N2 fixation were low during the early part of thegrowing season for both bean and pea, and increased later in the growing season, and more N was contained in the bean andPea pods than was fixed over the growingSeason.
Abstract: Dinitrogen fixation with field bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. 'GN1140') and pea (Pisum sativum L. 'Trapper') over the growing season under field conditions was determined using 15N isotope dilution methods. Levels of N2 fixation were low during the early part of the growing season for both bean and pea, and increased later in the growing season. At physiological maturity, GN1140 fixed over 91 kg N ha−1, contributing between 60 and 90% of the N in the bean plants. Pea fixed 117 kg N ha−1, which constituted a maximum of 57% of the pea plant N. More N was contained in the bean and pea pods than was fixed over the growing season. Key words: Bean (field), pea, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, 15N dilution
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the particle size distribution of fractions and their functional properties in a commercial scale by air classification of the milled peas and some analytical aspects of the process were investigated.
Abstract: The objective of the present investigation was the characterisation of yellow pea (Pisum sativum L) fractions obtained on a commercial scale by air classification of the milled peas. Some analytical aspects of the process were investigated including particle size distribution of fractions and their functional properties.
TL;DR: Asparaginase activity in young leaves of Pisum sativum was determined at various stages of plant development and there was a progressive decrease in overall levels in successive leaves at the same developmental stage; the most pronounced changes were noted in the levels of asparagine.
Abstract: Asparaginase activity in young leaves of Pisum sativum was determined at various stages of plant development. Diurnal variation of asparaginase activity (with an increase in the light period) in emerging and half-expanded leaves was detected in young plants, but a much greater diurnal variation took place in young leaves of older plants. Levels of total α-amino nitrogen in both emerging and half-expanded leaves varied during the photoperiod (decreasing in the light) and there was a progressive decrease in overall levels in successive leaves at the same developmental stage; the most pronounced changes were noted in the levels of asparagine. The concentrations of asparagine and homoserine varied in xylem sap exudates, decreasing during the light period and also decreasing overall as plants aged. Since the activity of asparaginase in both emerging and half-expanded leaves is highest in mature plants, when levels of α-amino nitrogen are the lowest, the amount of asparaginase in developing pea leaves may be su...
01 Jan 1989
TL;DR: PPi-PFK activity, has been demonstrated in all tissues of Pisum sativum embryos and of Avena sativa embryos including the scutellum and the aleurone layers and was greater than that of ATP- PFK in both dormant and non-dormant seeds though with only marginally more activity in the dormant state.
Abstract: A quantative cytochemical assay for PPi-PFK activity in the presence of Fru-2,6-P2 is described along with its application to determine levels of activity in embryos of Pisum sativum and Avena sativa. The activity of ATP-PFK has also been studied in parallel as have PFK activities during the switch from dormant to non-dormant embryos in Avena sativa. PPi-PFK activity, has been demonstrated in all tissues of Pisum sativum embryos and of Avena sativa embryos including the scutellum and the aleurone layers. The PPi-PFK activity was greater than that of ATP-PFK in both dormant and non-dormant seeds though with only marginally more activity in the dormant as opposed to the non-dormant state.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Twelve lines of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) were evaluated over five year for grain yield and its components and joint regression analysis suggested that both predictable and unpredictable components contributed significantly towards the differences in stability of lines for various characters.
Abstract: Twelve lines of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) were evaluated over five year for grain yield and its components. The varieties exhibited significant differences for most of the traits. Joint regression analysis suggested that both predictable and unpredictable components contributed significantly towards the differences in stability of lines for various characters. Varieties UD-1, UD-20, PS-360, CS-2 and CS-4 were found to be stable for grain yield. Evidence for and against the theory that the stability of grain yield is dependent on the stability of yield components was round.
TL;DR: In general, younger pods of all varieties had a lower C0 2 level than the older stage 3 pods with fully developed seeds, and the significance of these results in relation to pod photosynthesis is discussed.
TL;DR: High activities of phosphoglycolate phosphatase were observed in Pisum sativum and Phaseolus vulgaris leaves and the low values for Km phosphogly colate and the Ka values for the activation by Mg2+ and Cl&− are consistent with the efficient hydrolysis of phosphlycercolate in these plants.
Dissertation•
01 Jan 1989
TL;DR: Field peas are by far superior to garden peas with regard to amylose production per area and improved potassium nutrition increased yields of seeds and straw, but had no significant effect on the seed components analysed.
Abstract: Starch and amylose content in conventional and semi-leafless cultivars of garden and field peas
Small-plot experiments were carried out with conventional and semi-foliated cultivars of garden and field peas (Pisum sativum, ssp. medulare and ssp. sativum) to investigate the effect of increasing potassium dressings on starch, amylose and sugars in mature seeds during two years.
Field peas compared with garden peas produced: (1) 2 times higher seed yields, (2) 1.6 times higher starch contents (41–44 % DM), (3) nearly comparable amylose contents (17 % DM), (4) 3 times higher amylopec-tin contents (26 % DM), (5) 4 times lower sugar contents (1.6 % DM).
In the presently existing cultivars field peas are by far superior to garden peas with regard to amylose production per area. Compared with conventional cultivars the semi-leafless types of both subspecies yielded the same seed weights, and they differed in no respect in the seed components analysed.
Improved potassium nutrition increased yields of seeds and straw, but had no significant effect on the seed components analysed.
01 Oct 1989
TL;DR: After removal of the pod wall, seeds of Pisum sativum L. still attached to the peduncle and vascular tissue were grown from a very early stage in a simple in vitro system supplying a basic nutrient medium.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: There was significant and increase in yield upto 50 kg N per ha and 50 kg P2O2 per ha, and response to potassium was not observed.
Abstract: Response of mid season garden pea (Pisum sativum L.) var. Bonneville to plant spacing (30 × 5, 30 × 10 and 30 × 15 cm) and graded doses of nitrogen (25, 50 and 75 kg N/ha), phosphorus (25, 50, 75 and 100 kg P2O5/ha) and potassium (25 and 50 kg KaO/ha) was studied on silt loam soil during the winter seasons of 1982 and 1983. at the Central Horticultural Experiment Station, Ranchi, Bihar. The highest yield was recorded at the closest spacing (30 × 5 cm). There was significant and increase in yield upto 50 kg N per ha and 50 kg P2O2 per ha. Response to potassium was not observed.
TL;DR: Callus tissue was induced from pea leaf-explants on a Murashige-Skoog medium containing 2, 4-D and kinetin and shoot formation from green spots and subsequent growth were observed when the excised green spots were transferred to a fresh MS medium containing IAA.
Abstract: Callus tissue was induced from pea leaf-explants on a Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium containing 2, 4-D (0.01-2.0mg/l) and kinetin (0.1-2.0mg/l). Adventitious roots and green spots were formed on the same medium within 40-days of culture. Shoot formation from green spots and subsequent growth were observed when the excised green spots were transferred to a fresh MS medium containing IAA (0.01, 0.04, 0.05mg/l) and kinetin (0.1, 0.5, 0.6mg/l).