Showing papers on "Sawdust published in 1988"
TL;DR: In this article, the results in terms of product yields and possible pyrolysis mechanisms are discussed in relation to cellulose and maple wood sawdust in two different reactors (a fluid bed and a transport reactor) in separate laboratories.
Abstract: Cellulose and maple sawdust have been pyrolyzed by different workers in two different reactors (a fluid bed and a transport reactor) in separate laboratories. The Avicel cellulose sample used by both groups was from the same batch, while the maple was different samples of the same species. Fast pyrolysis product yields were compared at a constant vapor residence time of 500 ms over a temperature range of 450-900/sup 0/C and were found to be in very good agreement. It is proposed that if particle heat-up time to 500/sup 0/C, for any reactor, is significantly less than particle residence time, or if particle weight loss is less than 10% before the particle temperature reaches 450/sup 0/C, then the temperature of the reactor will be the only variable determining the yields of char, oil, and gases for a given feed material and a given gas residence time. The implications of the results in terms of product yields and possible pyrolysis mechanisms are discussed. The oil yield as temperature increases can be described adequately by a simple kinetic model.
242 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, conditions for optimal digestion of poplar sawdust using ozonolysis were investigated in both a fixed bed reactor and a stirred semibatch reactor, and the fixed reactor performed better than the batch reactor.
214 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the suitability of sawdust wood residue as a filler for thermoplastics has been tested using two different mesh sizes (20 and 60), as well as by varying the weight percentage of fibres from 10% to 40%.
166 citations
TL;DR: Transmission electron microscopy observations of hemlock sawdust that had been incubated with concentrated filtrate from Postia placenta showed that wood was degraded despite the absence of weight loss and release of reducing groups, contrary to the prevailing views that enzyme preparation from brown-rot fungi are unable to degrade wood.
Abstract: Transmission electron microscopy observations of hemlock sawdust that had been incubated with concentrated filtrate from Postia placenta showed that wood was degraded despite the absence of weight loss and release of reducing groups. These results are contrary to the prevailing views that enzyme preparation from brown-rot fungi are unable to degrade wood.
21 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of the neutralization capacity of cellulosic materials on the effective acid concentration is quantified and the use of the pH as a measure of the real effective H 3 O + concentration is strongly recommended.
19 citations
TL;DR: The ratio of ATP to the ATP-related compounds (the total nu-cleotides) in the muscle which is related with the survival rate of prawn was found to be sui-table as a criterion to evaluate the activity of p shrimp during transportation in the sawdust.
Abstract: Changes in the levels of ATP-related compounds and lactic acid in the muscle of live prawn Penaeus japonicus kept in the sawdust at 15C° were investigated to find an index suitable for evalua-tion of parwn activity during the transportation in the sawdust. The concentration of ATP in the muscle markedly decreased after storage of 48h, resulting in a rapid increase in the AMP level. The level of lactic acid in the muscle also gradually increased during storage in the sawdust. The ratio of ATP to the ATP-related compounds (the total nu-cleotides) in the muscle which colsely related with the survival rate of prawn was found to be sui-table as a criterion to evaluate the activity of prawn during transportation in the sawdust. The levels of the ATP-related compounds in the muscle of prawn kept in the sawdust recovered to their original levels within 1h after they were returned to the sea.
16 citations
Journal Article•
8 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of gamma ray and alkali treatment on saccharification varied with the nature of the substrate and showed that gamma ray alone (500 kGy) reduced sugar release of 28, 92, and 10 g/l was obtained from 75% (w/v) sawdust, rice straw, and bagasse.
8 citations
Patent•
19 May 1988
TL;DR: This paper used wood pulp as the binding agent in combination with water for wood powder-molded products, which can be molded into any shape, but the method is more suitable for manufacturing small-size pellet products form the practical standpoint to perform drying (dehydration) process.
Abstract: Economical manufacturing of wood powder-molded products becomes possible with the introduction of wood pulp as the binding agent to be used in combination with water. The molded products feature not only high moisture absorbing capability and a unique natural touch of hybrid between wood and paper, but easy and convenient disposability after use. The product can be molded into any shape, but the method would be more suitable for manufacturing small-size pellet products form the practical standpoint to perform drying (dehydration) process. This invention enables to utilize wood powder resources including sawdust, which is currently disposed of in a huge amount as the industrial waste, all over the world.
7 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of the dose d'irradiation and des conditions de broyage on the saccharification de la cellulose was investigated. And the results showed that:
5 citations
Patent•
06 Oct 1988
TL;DR: In this paper, a solvent extraction method for extracting high quality cedar wood oil from raw cedarwood is presented. But the method is not suitable for the extraction of wood pulp and the solvent extraction process may be conducted as a batch process or a continuous process.
Abstract: High quality cedar wood oil is recovered from raw cedar wood with substantially improved efficiency employing the solvent extraction method of this invention. By submerging cedar wood pulp or sawdust in a suitable water insoluble solvent for a predefined time period, a purified cedar wood oil extract is easily attained after filtration of the cedar wood pulp and distillation removal of the solvent. Furthermore, depending upon the end use or operating system, the solvent extraction method of this invention may be conducted as either a batch process or a continuous process.
Journal Article•
01 Jan 1988
Patent•
16 Dec 1988
TL;DR: In this article, a culture medium comprising sawdust as a main component is blended with one or more of rice bran, maize flour, bean skin and bran and further paper sludge which is obtained by extracting and removing lignin materials in a process to produce paper from woody chip products, followed by burning and carbonizing.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To prevent reduction in activity of mycelia and air heating of mycelia, by blending a culture medium consisting essentially of sawdust with fatty grain and paper sludge CONSTITUTION:A culture medium comprising sawdust as a main component is blended with one or more of rice bran, maize flour, bean skin and bran and further paper sludge which is obtained by extracting and removing lignin materials in a process to produce paper from woody chip products, followed by burning and carbonizing
Patent•
14 Jan 1988
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the use of biologically active cpds as soil biocides in conjunction with a carrier which has been prepd from an organic, polymeric material of biological origin by comminution.
Abstract: Biologically active cpds. (I) are used as soil biocides in conjunction with a carrier which has been prepd. from an organic, polymeric material of biological origin by comminution. (I) is an insecticide, acaricide, fungicide, repellent, nematocide, herbicide or molluscicide, most esp. a pyrethroid. The carrier is a polysaccharide, starch, cellulose, lignocellulose, polyolefin or protein, esp. sawdust, wood grits or wood shavings.
01 Jan 1988
Patent•
29 Nov 1988
TL;DR: In this article, a small-sized, light-weight and readily handleable device is obtained by setting a cutting piece and an introducing piece in a storage container into which solid sawdust fungi are inserted, transporting the discharged powdery sawdust fungus to a driving column and striking the fungi into an driving hole of raw tree by a driving cylinder.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain the titled small-sized, light-weight and readily handleable device, by setting a cutting piece and an introducing piece in a storage container into which solid sawdust fungi are inserted, transporting the discharged powdery sawdust fungi to a driving column and striking the fungi into an driving hole of raw tree by a driving cylinder. CONSTITUTION:Sawdust fungi 2 are placed on the top of a cutting piece 4 set on a storage container 1, a shaft 5 is rotated through a chain 13 and the bottom face of the sawdust fungi 2 are shaved off by the cutting piece 4. The powdery sawdust fungi 6 are guided to an outlet 8 by an introducing piece 10, pressurized, transported to a driving column 15 by a transporting material 14 and struck into a driving hole 18 of a raw tree 17 of a driving rod 21.
01 Jan 1988
TL;DR: With NPK solution as the basic nutrient applied to the root-knot nematode infected cowpea plants, amendments were made with 100 ppm of phenol prepared from alcoholic extract of palmyrah wood sawdust which signified the improved vigour of the infected host.
Abstract: With NPK solution as the basic nutrient applied to the root-knot nematode infected cowpea plants, amendments were made with 100 ppm of phenol prepared from alcoholic extract of palmyrah wood sawdust. Further amendments consisted in adding gibberellic acid or indole acetic acid or gibberellic acid+indole acetic acid. Amended nutrient applications reduced galling, fecundity of the pathogen, pathogenic impact, improved root weights and synthesis of metabolites which signified the improved vigour of the infected host.
Patent•
08 Dec 1988
TL;DR: A compn. for feed additives is described in this article, where a mixt. contg. consisting of 100 parts sawdust, 10-20 parts rice bran or wheat chaff, 40- 160 parts montmorillonite and trace elements was fermented to give feed additives.
Abstract: A compn. for feed additives is described. Thus, a mixt. contg. 100 parts sawdust (>=30 mesh), 10-20 parts rice bran or wheat chaff, 40- 160 parts montmorillonite (>=30 mesh) and trace elements was fermented to give feed additives. Trace elements consist of 0.1 part saccharide, 0.3 part ammonium phosphate, 0.4 part calcium phosphate, 0.1 part amino acid mixt., 0.6 part enzymes for fermn., and 60-80 parts H2O.
Patent•
26 Aug 1988
TL;DR: In this paper, the SAKE or SHOCHU is made to contact with sawdust or shaving of wood bamboo to extract the fragrant component of the wood, etc.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain the titled liquor producible in a short time, by contacting SAKE (Japanese rice wine) or SHOCHU (low-class distilled spirits) with sawdust or shavings of wood or bamboo to extract the fragrant component of the wood, etc. and impact fragrance of wood or bamboo to the SAKE, etc., removing the sawdust, etc., and sealing the SAKE, etc., into a container. CONSTITUTION:SAKE or SHOCHU is made to contact with sawdust or shaving of wood bamboo to extract the fragrant component to the SAKE, etc. The sawdust or shavings are removed from the SAKE, etc., imparted with the fragrance of the wood, etc. the SAKE or SHOCHU is poured into a container harmonizing with the component (e.g. a vessel made of Japanese cypress) and sealed to obtain the objective liquor.
Patent•
28 Apr 1988
TL;DR: In this article, the preparation of a combined phosphorus fertilizer and soil conditioner, in which a phosphate rock and, as reaction material, an organic acidic material with a pH of below 6 are used.
Abstract: Process for the preparation of a combined phosphorus fertilizer and soil conditioner, in which a phosphate rock and, as reaction material, an organic acidic material with a pH of below 6 are used. The acidic organic matter can be, for example, bark waste, peat, fibre waste from a cellulose or paper factory, sawdust or a similar material.