Showing papers on "Sawdust published in 2014"
TL;DR: In this paper, the physicochemical changes with pyrolysis temperature (400-550°C) were analyzed for their physicochemical properties with respect to different types of Canadian waste biomass, including poultry litter, wheat straw, flax straw and sawdust.
262 citations
TL;DR: The decrease in aliphatic organics in HA demonstrated the degradation of the readily available organics, while an increase in aromatic functional groups indicated the maturity of compost.
229 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the addition of plastics to the steam pyrolysis/gasification of wood sawdust with and without a Ni/Al2O3 catalyst was investigated in order to increase the production of hydrogen in the gaseous stream.
191 citations
TL;DR: Use of biochar in composting may reduce NH3 emission and nitrate leaching because of the high amount of recalcitrant carbon present in the feedstocks: biochar and sawdust.
172 citations
TL;DR: This study shows that the use of microwave absorbents for fMAP is feasible and a promising technology to improve the practical values and commercial application outlook of microwave based pyrolysis.
172 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of temperature, steam/biomass ratio, and sawdust particle size on the distribution of products (gas, tar and char) and their composition has been studied.
149 citations
TL;DR: Thermal and physicochemical characterization results of corncob and its derived biochars were analyzed and differentiated from sawdust and cornstalk and the weight active energy of the CC was the lowest value compared to those of CS and SD.
125 citations
TL;DR: The white-rot fungi Ganoderma lucidum, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Pleurotus ostreatus, P. pulmonarius and Trametes sp were used for biological pretreatment of Eucalyptus grandis sawdust as discussed by the authors.
113 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the thermal decomposition behavior of three common biowastes in Taiwan (cedar sawdust, coffee bean residue, and rice straw) upon fast pyrolysis was studied.
98 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a new bio-polyol product consisting of high purity multi-hydroxy compounds was obtained by precipitation of the hydrophobic organics from the liquefied product in an aqueous solution.
Abstract: Liquefaction of sawdust was studied using glycerol and methanol as mix solvents. A new bio-polyol product consisting of high purity multi-hydroxy compounds was obtained by precipitation of the hydrophobic organics from the liquefied product in an aqueous solution. As identified by GC-MS, the dominate components in bio-polyol were glycerol, glycerol derivatives, and multiple types of sugar derivatives. By using the mass ratio of m (sawdust) : m (glycerol) = 1 : 1, the total content of multi-hydroxy compounds reached 90.84%. The hydroxyl number of the bio-polyol was 1287 mgKOH/g with a rotational viscosity of 1270 cP. Preparation of polyurethane foams using bio-polyol and isocyanate was also studied. Water was used as an environmental friendly blowing agent. The factors that influence the cell structure of foams (i.e., catalyst, dosage of blowing agent, and mass ratio of bio-polyol to PEG-400 were studied. The compressive strength of the synthesized foam was 150 Kpa, which met the requirement of Chinese specification for rigid foams. The synthesized foams were characterized by FTIR, SEM, and TG. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40096.
90 citations
TL;DR: Kinetic study indicated that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model could best describe the adsorption kinetics of MG, and Thermodynamic parameters suggested that the sorption of MG was an endothermic process.
Abstract: Natural adsorbent (Cinnamomum camphora sawdust) modified by organic acid (oxalic acid, citric acid, and tartaric acid) was investigated as a potential adsorbent for the removal of hazardous malachite green (MG) dye in aqueous media in a batch process. The extent of MG adsorption onto modified sawdust increased with increasing organic acid concentrations, pH, contact time, and temperature but decreased with increasing adsorbent dosage and ionic strength. Kinetic study indicated that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model could best describe the adsorption kinetics of MG. Equilibrium data were found to fit well with the Langmuir model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of the three kinds of organic acid-modified sawdust was 280.3, 222.8, and 157.5 mg/g, respectively. Thermodynamic parameters suggested that the sorption of MG was an endothermic process. The adsorption mechanism, the application of adsorbents in practical wastewater, the prediction of single-stage batch adsorption system, and the disposal of depleted adsorbents were also discussed.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used lanthanum or zirconium oxide nanoparticle-incorporated sawdust for the removal of arsenic anions from water, and showed that ZrO2-sawdust showed extraction capacities of 29 and 12 mg/g for arsenite and arsenate anions, respectively.
Abstract: Environmentally friendly and cost-effective adsorbent materials for arsenic extraction are needed for removing pollutants from groundwater. Here, lanthanum or zirconium oxide nanoparticle-incorporated sawdust was used for the removal of arsenic anions from water. The chemically modified sawdust was fully characterized and used for extraction of arsenic from water. The influences of ionic strength, pH, and interfering ionic pollutants toward the extraction efficiency of arsenic anions were investigated to understand the mechanism. ZrO2-sawdust showed extraction capacities of 29 and 12 mg/g for arsenite and arsenate anions, respectively, while La2O3-sawdust extracted arsenite (22 mg/g) and arsenate (28 mg/g) anions efficiently. Desorption studies were performed on surface-modified sawdust to check the recyclability. La2O3-sawdust can be fully regenerated with no change in arsenic removal efficiency, while ZrO2-sawdust retains ∼50% of its adsorption efficiency. Such modified renewable bioadsorbents are usefu...
TL;DR: In this paper, activated carbons with high specific surface areas were successfully synthesized by simple one-step carbonization activation from paulownia sawdust biomass, and the effects of the synthetic conditions on their CO 2 capture capacity were investigated as well.
TL;DR: In this article, chicken manure, dairy manure and sawdust were evaluated as carbon sources in promoting sulfate reduction, and the mechanism of heavy metals removal in sulfidogenic bioreactor was revealed.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed an index to evaluate deposition propensity during coal and biomass co-firing using a pressure-drop sintering device, which measured the ash Ts (sintering temperature) with a drop-tube furnace.
TL;DR: In this article, two industrial coal blends used in coke making were subjected to tests in order to assess the influence of waste sawdust (SC2 from chestnut and SP1 from pine) on the quality of the coke produced.
TL;DR: The results show that the degradation of phenol was an endothermic reaction and was a good fit to the Langmuir isotherm model.
TL;DR: In this paper, the impacts of pretreatments in a hydrophilic ionic liquid (C2mim][OAc]), onto the physicochemical properties and enzymatic saccharification of softwood (spruce) and hardwood (oak) sawdust are reported.
TL;DR: The results indicate that the yield and the volatile yield of the biochar decrease and the fixed carbon yield increases with the increase of the carbonization temperature, and the ignition temperature and burnout temperature of the Biochar increase and the value of S decreases when thecarbonization temperature increases.
TL;DR: In this paper, the potential of wood residues as fiber sources for wood-plastic composites (WPC) was assessed and the impact of intrinsic fiber properties on strength development was examined.
Abstract: This study assessed the potential of wood residues as fiber sources for wood-plastic composites (WPC) and examined the impact for intrinsic fiber properties on strength development. Sawmill sawdust, underused wood species, bark, composite panel, and pulp and paper sludge residues were sampled. Fibers were characterized for cellulose content, ash content, and fiber aspect ratio. WPC samples were formed by twin-screw extrusion compounding, followed by injection molding at three fiber proportions. WPC mechanical properties, water uptake, and water swelling increased with increasing fiber proportion, whereas tenacity decreased. WPC made with residues had lower mechanical and physical properties than those made with clean wood, with some exceptions. Kraft sludge produced one of the best WPC formulations in terms of thickness swell, water swelling, tensile strength, and impact energy. Deinking sludge produced the toughest and the most dimensionally stable WPC. Panel industry residues formed roughly sim...
TL;DR: In this paper, the acrylic Core-Shell Rubber (CSR) particles were used to reduce the brittleness in Wood Plastic Composites (WPC) prepared from poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and rubber wood sawdust (Hevea brasiliensis).
01 Jan 2014
TL;DR: In this article, an activated carbons with high specific surface areas were successfully synthesized by simple one-step carbonization activation from paulownia sawdust biomass, and the effects of the synthetic conditions on their CO2 capture capacity were investigated as well.
Abstract: In this paper,activated carbons（ACs） with high specific surface areas were successfully synthesized by simple one-step carbonization-activation from paulownia sawdust biomass,and the effects of the synthetic conditions on their CO2 capture capacity were investigated as well.The results show that,when the mass ratio between activator and biomass is 4,the activation temperature is 700℃ and the activation time is 1 h,as-made AC provides the most micropores for CO2 adsorption.As a consequence,the maximum CO2 uptake of 8.0 mmol/g is obtained at 0℃ and 1 bar.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated spent coffee grounds (SCG) as a potential feedstock for preparing agropellets for energy production and found that SCG pellets thermal characteristics are in the same order as conventional biomasses such as sawdust.
Abstract: Spent coffee grounds (SCG), a processing by-product from the coffee industry, were evaluated as a potential feedstock for preparing agropellets for energy production. Hence, pure SCG and a SCG/sawdust blend were transformed into pellets. The latter thermal and chemical properties such as calorific value, ash content, bulk density, fixed carbon and elemental analysis were obtained. Thermogravimetric analyses were conducted in order to determine pyrolysis kinetics and combustion characteristics in order to study the agropellets performance. The obtained results show that SCG pellets thermal characteristics are in the same order as conventional biomasses such as sawdust. Moreover, blend 50% SCG/50% sawdust reaches the superior NF agropellets standard requirements which are essential to sell this agropellets in the French market. Analysis of the thermal degradation shows that SCG and its blend follow the usual behavior of lignocellulosic materials. Comparison of the combustion characteristics shows a higher reactivity of the blend comparing to pure SCG and sawdust. Such behavior might relate to heterogeneous structure and mutual interaction of the individual components of SCG and sawdust. Pyrolysis kinetics parameters obtained for SCG and SCG/sawdust blend are fairly close agreement with those found in literature for different biomasses. Hence SCG/sawdust may be a promising biofuel for the energy production in industrial applications.
TL;DR: In this paper, the residual cellulose of wood processing waste, sawdust, which was leftover after sequential hot-water extraction processes to isolate hemicelluloses and lignin in a novel forest biorefinery concept, was explored as the starting material for preparation of a highly value-added polymeric material, nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) also widely termed as cellulose nanofiber, which has provided an alternative efficient way to upgrade sawdust waste.
Abstract: The residual cellulose of wood processing waste, sawdust, which was leftover after sequential hot-water extraction processes to isolate hemicelluloses and lignin in a novel forest biorefinery concept, was explored as the starting material for preparation of a highly value-added polymeric material, nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) also widely termed as cellulose nanofiber, which has provided an alternative efficient way to upgrade sawdust waste. The residual cellulose in sawdust was converted to a transparent NFC suspension in water through the 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical/NaClO/NaBr oxidization approach. The resultant NFC with a dimension of ca. 5 nm in width and hundreds of nanometers in length were further processed into NFC films. The morphological features of the NFC suspension and its films were assessed by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Highly even dispersion of NFC fibrils in the films originated from sawdust feasibly contributes to the outstanding mechanical performance of the films. NFC suspension with higher carboxylate content and its resultant NFC films were found to show higher transmission of light.
TL;DR: Rational kinetic parameters were reached from these gas-solid reaction models, which provided a basis for design and operation of the realistic system of co-gasification of lignite and sawdust in this research.
TL;DR: In this article, the use of microfine marble sawdust as functional filler in industrial products having higher added value, such as paper, rubber, paints, pharmaceuticals, has been studied, and a commentary on environmental laws pertaining to the recycle of this kind of waste is also made.
TL;DR: A torrefaction process in a TGA (Termo-gravimeter analyzer) for six different types of residual biomass (sugarcane bagasse, banana rachis, rice husk, palm oil fiber, sawdust and coffee waste) was developed in this paper.
TL;DR: The catalyst was directly prepared by the reuse of fly ash and sawdust after saturated adsorption of nickel ions from wastewater as an efficient and economic approach and could effectively improve the ozonation reaction rate at pH=7 with a 2:1 liquid-solid ratio.
TL;DR: In this article, a composite of sawdust and sugarcane molasses with styrene-maleic acid copolymer was successfully synthesized by suspension polymerization and used as adsorbents for removal of Congo red (CR) dye from aqueous solution.
Abstract: Composites of sawdust and sugarcane molasses with styrene-maleic acid copolymer [(SD-SMA) and (SM-SMA)] were successfully synthesized by suspension polymerization and used as adsorbents for removal of Congo red (CR) dye from aqueous solution. The surface morphology of composite beads was observed under scanning electron microscope, which revealed highly porous surface. Maximum 20 wt.% sawdust and 10 wt.% sugarcane molasses loading were achieved in respective composite. Adsorption of CR was performed in batch process. The effect of initial solution concentration, amount of composite dose, and biomaterial content into the composite were investigated to test the adsorption efficiency and adsorption capacity of these composite beads at pH 7. Adsorption efficiency of 90 and 48% was observed in 2 h using SM-SMA and SD-SMA composites, respectively. The equilibrium data was analyzed using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models. Adsorption onto SD-SMA composites followed the...
TL;DR: A natural origin adsorbent was prepared by sawdust and beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) for the removal of an organic compound (aniline) during water pollution accidents as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: A natural origin adsorbent was prepared by sawdust and beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) for the removal of an organic compound (aniline) during water pollution accidents. The results of BET, SEM and FTIR analyses indicated that β-CD attaches on the sawdust surface and forms an organic film. Batch tests show that the optimum pH for aniline adsorption is in the range of 4–8. Adsorption equilibrium is achieved in 30 minutes, and the adsorption kinetics follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The Langmuir model appears to fit the isotherm data better than the Freundlich model at 15 °C compared with that at 30 °C and 45 °C. The maximum adsorption capacity is estimated to be 84.03 mg g−1 at 15 °C (R2 > 0.99). The negative value of the standard entropy (ΔHo) and standard free energy (ΔGo) indicates an exothermic and spontaneous nature of the adsorption interaction. Moreover, the results of FTIR suggest that the formation of an inclusion complex between the β-CD and aniline molecules through host–guest interactions enhances the adsorption capability.