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Sawdust

About: Sawdust is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5526 publications have been published within this topic receiving 86499 citations. The topic is also known as: wood dust & hard wood dust.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to model the thermal behavior of the inorganics in CCA treated wood, with special focus placed on arsenic volatilization.
Abstract: To guide the development of thermal decomposition methods for disposal of CCA treated wood, reactions during the thermal decomposition of CCA treated wood were modeled using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), with special focus placed on arsenic volatilization. Simple inorganic compounds, such as As2O5, CuO, and Cr2O3, were used to model the thermal behavior of the inorganics in CCA treated wood. In air and nitrogen, arsenic (V) oxide began to volatilize at 600 °C during temperature ramps at 5 °C/min. During a 5 °C/min ramp in a hydrogen mix, arsenic (V) oxide began decomposition at 425 °C. Arsenic volatile loss from CCA treated wood can depend strongly on the gases produced by wood thermal decomposition. In the presence of As2O5, chromium (III) oxide and copper (II) oxide formed arsenates in air and nitrogen. Chromium arsenates began decomposition as low as 790 °C. This suggested that chromium arsenates in CCA treated wood formed during original preservative fixation may decompose as low as 790 °C. Copper arsenates were stable up to 900 °C in air, but showed only a limited range of stability in nitrogen. Depending on process conditions, the formation of copper arsenates may limit arsenic loss during thermal decomposition of CCA treated wood up to 900 °C. The thermal decomposition of inorganic oxides was influenced by interactions with wood and wood decomposition products. In a dry YP sawdust/As2O5 mix, arsenic (V) oxide volatilized at 370 °C during inert pyrolysis at 5 °C/min and at 320 °C during smoldering combustion at 5 °C/min. Thermal dwells of a dry YP/As2O5 mix showed no arsenic loss at 250 °C, but significant loss occurred during higher temperature dwells. During inert pyrolysis at 5 °C/min, the formation of complexes and hydrates were shown to prevent arsenic loss up to 400 °C.

45 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the ability of two low-cost adsorbents (TS-OH) and its alkaline treated analog (TS−ONa) to remove two basic dyes, namely, Methylene Blue and Methyl Green, from aqueous solutions was assessed.

45 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) derived from sawdust was modified and utilised as coagulants for the removal of Ni2+ and Cd2+ ions from water.
Abstract: Bioresources are renewable raw materials which can be utilised for multiple purposes including the development of various materials for water treatment. In this study, cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) derived from sawdust was modified and utilised as coagulants for the removal of Ni2+ and Cd2+ ions from water. The modified CNC was characterized using Fourier transform infra-red, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and zeta potentiometer. Analyses revealed that the modified CNC is porous and exhibited narrow particle size distribution and needle-like morphology. The functional group responsible for the coordination and removal of the metals was mainly carboxylate anion (COO2−). Zeta potential measurement showed a reduction in negative surface charge value of modified CNC. The effects of solution pH, CNC coagulant dosage and initial metal concentration were investigated using jar test experiment. Results revealed that the removal of metal ions increased with an increase in the coagulant dosage and solution pH, and that the best pH for the investigation was pH 7.10. Metal removal efficiency, however, reduced with an increase in the initial concentration of the metal ions. Experimental uptake values of 956.6 mg Ni/g and 2207 mg Cd/g were obtained, which in comparison with uptake values of other cellulosic materials gives indication that CNC derived from sawdust is highly competitive material for the amelioration of water containing metals.

45 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the mechanism behind the penetration of fungal hyphae into wood elements using electron microscope and the exact role of phenolic compounds existing in wood vinegar towards the sapstaining fungal growth inhibition was evaluated.
Abstract: The major objectives of this study were to find out the mechanism behind the sapstaining fungal hyphae penetration into wood elements using electron microscope and to evaluate the exact role of phenolic compounds existing in wood vinegar towards the sapstaining fungal growth inhibition. To formulate the new environmental friendly wood preservative, we neutralized (to pH 7) wood vinegar with NaOH and hot water extracts of Pinus densiflora and Quercus serrata saw dusts were used in the media instead of sterilized distilled water to enhance the fungal growth inhibition property of neutralized wood vinegar. The initial calibration of wood extract was done by calculating the specific gravity, tar calculation and total organic content. GC-MS analysis was performed to identify the phenolic compounds and other ingredients present in both neutralized wood vinegar and acidic wood vinegar by chloroform extraction method. Eleven major compounds were identified in acidic wood vinegar and 7 major compounds in neutralized wood vinegar. Ophiostoma polonicum, O. ips, O. flexuosum, O. narcissi and O. tetropii were the sapstaining fungi used in this study against neutralized wood vinegar, extracts of Pinus densiflora and Quercus serrata. More than 2.5% neutralized wood vinegar contained agar plates were showed strong antifungal activity against sapstaining fungi. The Scanning Electron Microscopy image of fungal growth on wood samples showed the phenomenon of fungal penetration into wood elements. Pinus densiflora was used as wood element for SEM analysis.

45 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an inexpensive material, meranti wood, has been used as an adsorbent for the removal of cadmium (II) from aqueous solutions.
Abstract: Meranti wood, an inexpensive material, has been utilized as an adsorbent for the removal of cadmium (II) from aqueous solutions. Various physico-chemical parameters such as equilibrium contact time, solution pH, initial metal ion concentration, and adsorbent dosage level were studied. Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) and Temkin isotherms were used to analyze the equilibrium data at different temperatures. The experimental data fitted well with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, indicating the monolayer adsorption of the cadmium (II). The monolayer adsorption capacity of meranti wood for cadmium (II) was found to be 175.43, 163.93 and 153.84 mg/g at 30, 40, and 50°C, respectively. The thermodynamics of cadmium (II) adsorption on meranti wood indicates its spontaneous and exothermic nature. Kinetic studies showed that the adsorption followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The results indicated that the meranti wood could be an alternative for more costly adsorbents used for cadmium (II) removal.

44 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023443
2022827
2021331
2020323
2019383
2018334