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Sawdust

About: Sawdust is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5526 publications have been published within this topic receiving 86499 citations. The topic is also known as: wood dust & hard wood dust.


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01 Sep 2007
TL;DR: Out of the three agro-wastes used in this study, wheat bran holds the greatest promise for cost-effective production of the xylanase enzyme, as the carbon source is the highest inducer of the enzyme in the fungus.
Abstract: Xylanase production by Penicillium chrysogenum PCL501, newly isolated from wood-wastes, was monitored at 24 h intervals for a period 168 h in media containing four different carbon sources (oatspelt xylan, wheat bran, sawdust, and sugarcane pulp). The highest xylanase activity of 6.47 Units mL-1 was obtained at 96 h in media containing wheat bran whereas media containing sugarcane pulp gave a peak value of 1.39 Units mL-1 at 144 h. Sawdust and xylan gave a peak xylanase activity of 1.35 and 0.79 Units mL-1 respectively at 120 h. Maximum protein released in xylan-containing media was 0.38 mg mL-1. Higher protein yield was obtained in media containing the agro-wastes, with wheat bran giving the highest value of 1.14 mg mL-1. The maximum specific xylanase activities were 2.59, 8.52, 16.06, and 9.36 Units mg Protein -1 for sawdust, sugarcane pulp, wheat bran and xylan respectively. Out of the three agro-wastes used in this study, wheat bran holds the greatest promise for cost-effective production of the xylanase enzyme. The carbon source is the highest inducer of the enzyme in the fungus.

38 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an improvised beater and press were used; locally available additives, Cascamite glue and sawdust, were equally used to produce ceiling boards from rice husk and wood chips.

38 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An investigation was carried out to study the extracellular enzymatic activities and structural degradation utilizing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Abstract: Co-composting of poultry manure and rubber wood sawdust was performed with the ratio of 2:1 (V/V) for a period of 60 days. An investigation was carried out to study the extracellular enzymatic activities and structural degradation utilizing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The microbial succession was also determined by using denaturing gel gradient electrophoresis (DGGE). The compost was able to reach its highest temperature of 71°C at day 3 and stabilized between 30 and 40°C for 8 weeks. CMCase, FPase and β-glucosidase acted synergistically in order to degrade the cellulosic substrate. The xylanase activities increased gradually during the composting and reached the peak value of 11.637 U/g on day 35, followed by a sharp decline. Both LiP and MnP activities reached their peak values on day 35 with 0.431 and 0.132 U/g respectively. The FT-IR spectra revealed an increase in aromaticity and a decrease in aliphatic compounds such as carbohydrates as decomposition proceeded. TGA/DTG data exhibited significant changes in weight loss in compost samples, indicating degradation of organic matter. SEM micrographs showed higher amounts of parenchyma exposed on the surface of rubber wood sawdust at day 60, showing significant degradation. DGGE and 16S rDNA analyses showed that Burkholderia sp., Pandoraea sp., and Pseudomonas sp. were present throughout the composting process. Ornithinibacillus sp. and Castellaniella ginsengisoli were only found in the initial stage of the composting, while different strains of Burkholderia sp. also occurred in the later stage of composting.

38 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe a biomass fuel cell that provides power densities on the order of 10 mW cm−2 by direct utilization of wood sawdust and pulp as fuel.
Abstract: Biomass is of significant interest in the field of advanced energy engineering, including the use of woody biomass as an energy source. However, because cellulose—the major component of wood—is insoluble in most solvents, an excessive amount of energy and special procedures are required to convert woody materials into liquid and gaseous fuel. This report describes a biomass fuel cell that provides power densities on the order of 10 mW cm−2 by direct utilization of wood sawdust and pulp as fuel. The fuel cell is simple, with H3PO4-impregnated raw materials located at the anode, and is operated at temperatures between 75 and 250°C. Cellulose or its decomposition products reacted with H2O to form CO2, where the coulombic yield was approximately 95% at 150°C or higher. Notably, the cell performance was superior to that of fuel cells with fuels (partially oxidized or dehydrated mono- to tetrasaccharides) obtained by an external treatment of cellulose with H3PO4.

38 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a study was conducted to investigate the efficiency of the composting process when the initial moisture content is higher than the generally recommended limit of 65%, and the results suggest that composting may be feasible even if the moisture content exceeds the limit of 35% for as long as there is enough air content in the compost pile to satisfy the oxygen needs of microbes.
Abstract: A study was conducted to investigate the efficiency of the composting process when the initial moisture content is higher than the generally recommended limit of 65%. Solids separated from swine manure with very high moisture content were composted in small reactors with and without the addition of bulking agent. The initial moisture content in the compost containing swine manure solids alone was 79%. This was reduced to 71% in the compost mix with swine manure solids and sawdust in a 5:1 ratio by weight. Corresponding air contents were measured to be 68% in the unmixed manure and 70% in the manure/sawdust mixture. Both materials underwent composting under thermophilic conditions with or without the use of forced aeration. The results suggest that composting may be feasible even if the moisture content exceeds the limit of 65% for as long as there is enough air content in the compost pile to satisfy the oxygen needs of microbes. Volatile fatty acids were not detected in the manure/sawdust compost...

38 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023443
2022827
2021331
2020323
2019383
2018334