Sawdust

About: Sawdust is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5526 publications have been published within this topic receiving 86499 citations. The topic is also known as: wood dust & hard wood dust.

Comparative studies of intermediates produced from hydrothermal treatments of sawdust and cellulose

Abstract: In the present study, hydrothermal treatments on sawdust (real biomass) and cellulose taken as a model biomass were performed at 225 °C, 300 °C and 375 °C. The effect of the various catalysts (K 2 CO 3 , HZSM-5, Ni on SiO 2 ) on the gas composition was investigated. The aqueous phases were also characterized by ion chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), UV–vis spectroscopy and total organic carbon analyzer (TOC). The main intermediates in the water soluble fraction were acetic acid, formic acid and glycolic acid, aldehydes (acetaldehyde, formaldehyde), phenol and phenol derivatives, furfural, methyl furfural, hydroxymethyl furfural. The experimental results for the actual biomass (sawdust) were compared with those for the cellulose. Thus, the effect of the inorganic constituents found in sawdust such as minerals, metals, etc. on the formation and degradation pathways of the intermediates was elucidated by comparing the results obtained from actual and model biomass conversion. The yields of the solid particles obtained at the end of the experiments on dry basis were also calculated. The particles were characterized by thermogravimetric and elemental analysis.

Usage of some agricultural by-products in the removal of some heavy metals from industrial wastewater

Abstract: Adsorption experiments were carried out using different biosorbent to adsorb some heavy metals from wastewater samples (industrial and domestic wastewater). In this work four agricultural residues rice hull, sawdust, sugarcane bagasse and wheat straw were examined as sorbent to remove Zn (II), Cd (II) and Fe (II) from wastewater samples. To modify their sorptive characteristics sorbents were treated with 0.1 M HNO 3 . Batch adsorption studies show that the modified rice hull and sawdust show a great ability for extracting metallic ions from wastewater samples as compared with the other sorbents. Sorption capacity of modified rice hull was significantly, in most cases, higher than the modified sawdust. In general, treated sawdust and rice hull sorbed the maximum amount of ions in all wastewater samples. In the column procedure, the removal percentage of Zn (II), Cd (II) and Fe (II) by modified rice hull and sawdust was significantly higher than the removal percentage of these metals by batch procedure. The results showed that the rice hull and sawdust were found to be an attractive low cost alternative for the treatment of wastewater. A good efficiency to remove toxic metal ions was achieved by usage of such by-product.

Laboratory Investigation into the Effect of Silver Application on the Bacterial Removal Efficacy of Filter Material for Use on Locally Produced Ceramic Water Filters for Household Drinking Water Treatment

Abstract: Locally produced ceramic water filters (CWF) are an effective technology to treat pathogen-contaminated drinking water at the household level. CWF manufacturers apply silver to filters during production, although the silver type and concentration vary and evidence-based silver application guidelines have not been established. We evaluated the effects of three concentrations of two silver species on effluent silver concentration, E. coli removal, and viable bacteria retained on the surface and contained in the pores of ceramic disks manufactured with clay imported from three CWF factories using sawdust as the burn-out material. Additionally, we evaluated performance using water with three chemistry characteristics (Na+–NaCl, Ca2+–CaCl2, and humic acid as natural organic matter) of disks made from the different clays using either sawdust or rice husk as the burn-out material. Results showed the following: (1) Silver desorption from disks coated with silver nitrate (Ag+) was greater than desorption of silver...