Scalar potential

About: Scalar potential is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3642 publications have been published within this topic receiving 78868 citations. The topic is also known as: potential.

Reconstructing a model of quintessential inflation

Abstract: We present an explicit cosmological model where inflation and dark energy both could arise from the dynamics of the same scalar field. We present our discussion in the framework where the inflaton field attains a nearly constant velocity m−1P|d/dN| ≡ α + βexp(βN) (where N ≡ ln a is the e-folding time) during inflation. We show that the model with |α| < 0.25 and β < 0 can easily satisfy inflationary constraints, including the spectral index of scalar fluctuations (ns = 0.96 ± 0.013), tensor-to-scalar ratio (r < 0.28) and also the bound imposed on Ω during the nucleosynthesis epoch (Ω(1 ~ MeV) < 0.1). In our construction, the scalar field potential always scales proportionally to the square of the Hubble expansion rate. One may thereby account for the two vastly different energy scales associated with the Hubble parameters at early and late epochs. The inflaton energy could also produce an observationally significant effective dark energy at a late epoch without violating local gravity tests.

The large numbers hypothesis and a relativistic theory of gravitation

Abstract: A way to reconcile Dirac's large numbers hypothesis and Einstein's theory of gravitation wasrecently suggested by Lau (1985) It is characterized by the conjecture of a time-dependentcosmological term and gravitational term in Einstein's field equations Motivated by thisconjecture and the large numbers hypothesis, we formulate here a scalar-tensor theory in terms of an action principle The cosmological term is required to be spatially dependent as well as time dependent in general The theory developed is applied to a cosmological model compatible with the large numbers' hypothesis The time-dependent form of the cosmological term and the scalar potential are then deduced A possible explanation of the smallness of the cosmological term is also given and the possible significance of the scalar field is speculated

Inflation in supergravity without Kähler potential

Abstract: We propose a new class of inflation models in supergravity with higher derivative terms. In those models, the Kahler potential does not contain the inflaton multiplet, but a supersymmetric derivative term does. In the models, inflation is effectively driven by a single scalar field with a standard kinetic term and a scalar potential. Remarkably, the so-called η problem does not exist in our models.

Adiabatic Invariance of Oscillons/I-balls

Abstract: Real scalar fields are known to fragment into spatially localized and long-lived solitons called oscillons or $I$-balls. We prove the adiabatic invariance of the $\text{oscillons}/I$-balls for a potential that allows periodic motion even in the presence of non-negligible spatial gradient energy. We show that such a potential is uniquely determined to be the quadratic one with a logarithmic correction, for which the $\text{oscillons}/I$-balls are absolutely stable. For slightly different forms of the scalar potential dominated by the quadratic one, the $\text{oscillons}/I$-balls are only quasistable, because the adiabatic charge is only approximately conserved. We check the conservation of the adiabatic charge of the $I$-balls in numerical simulation by slowly varying the coefficient of logarithmic corrections. This unambiguously shows that the longevity of $\text{oscillons}/I$-balls is due to the adiabatic invariance.

Geophysical interpretation using integral equations

Abstract: Part 1 General matters concerning integral equations: demonstration of an integral equation solution classification of integral equations numerical solution. Part 2 Elements of electrostatics and potential theory: differential representation of electrical potential integral representation of electrical potential primary current electrode volume distribution of simple sources surface distribution of simple sources surface distribution of double sources. Part 3 Electrical methods: resistivity of rocks resistivity method magnetometric resistivity mis-a-la-masse method surface polarization induced polarization self-potential electrical anisotropy. Part 4 Elements of magnetrostatics: integral representation of magnetic potential volume distribution of simple poles surface distribution of simple poles volume distribution of dipoles. Part 5 Magnetic methods: magnetic properties of rocks high-susceptibility models demagnetization and low-susceptibility models numerical applications effect of remanence. Part 6 Electromagnetic methods: boundary value problems for electromagnetic fields Green's dyadics for electromagnetic boundary value problems volume integral equations for 3-dimensional electromagnetic field volume integral equations for 2-dimensional electromagnetic fields surface integral equations for electromagnetic fields integral equation solution for electromagnetic fields in a thin conductor model. Part 7 Integral formulae for elastic wave fields in an anisotropic medium integral formulae for elastic wave fields in an isotropic medium separation of elastic wave fields into a compressional and a rotational mode integral formulae for acoustic wave fields in the frequency domain integral formulae for acoustic wave fields in the time domain applications. Appendices: Green's function for scalar potential in a two-layer half-space Green's function for scalar potential in a half-space with a vertical contact Green's function for scalar potential in an anisotropic half-space electric Green's dyadic for a half-space below the ground surface.