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Schumann resonances
About: Schumann resonances is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 611 publications have been published within this topic receiving 12095 citations.
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01 Feb 1996
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide the theoretical basis for a variety of applications of electromagnetic (radio) waves to communications, navigation, and remote sensing, and this book is based on fundamental research in electromagnetic wave propagation that James R. Wait performed in the Central Radio Propagation Laboratory (CRPL) of NBS from 1956 to 1962.
Abstract: This book [1] was written at an important point in the development of applications of electromagnetic (radio) waves to communications, navigation, and remote sensing. Such applications require accurate propagation predictions for a variety of path conditions, and this book provides the theoretical basis for such predictions. The book is based on fundamental research in electromagnetic wave propagation that James R. Wait performed in the Central Radio Propagation Laboratory (CRPL) of NBS from 1956 to 1962. The mathematical theory in the book is very general, and the “stratified media” models are applicable to the earth crust, the troposphere, and the ionosphere. The frequencies of the communication, navigation, and remote sensing applications treated in this book range all the way from extremely low frequencies (ELF) to microwaves. The mathematical theory of electromagnetic wave propagation is based on Maxwell’s equations [2], formulated by James Clerk Maxwell in the 1860s. Experimental propagation studies in free space [3] and over the earth [4] also go back over 100 years. Research in radio science, standards, and measurements began in NBS in the early 1900s, and the long history of radio in NBS has been thoroughly covered by Snyder and Bragaw [5]. CRPL was moved to Boulder in 1954, and Wait joined the organization in 1955. The mathematics of electromagnetic wave propagation in stratified (layered) media is very complicated, and progress in propagation theory in the early 1900s was fairly slow. Wait’s book [1] included the most useful theory (much of which he developed) and practical applications that were available in 1962. A hallmark
1,394 citations
TL;DR: The Schumann resonance, a global electromagnetic phenomenon, is shown to be a sensitive measure of temperature fluctuations in the tropical atmosphere, which increases nonlinearly with temperature in the interaction between deep convection and ice microphysics.
Abstract: The Schumann resonance, a global electromagnetic phenomenon, is shown to be a sensitive measure of temperature fluctuations in the tropical atmosphere. The link between Schumann resonance and temperature is lightning flash rate, which increases nonlinearly with temperature in the interaction between deep convection and ice microphysics.
453 citations
01 Jan 1995
TL;DR: In this paper, the rate of atmospheric NO production and its effect on telecommunication system performance are discussed. But the authors do not consider the effect of atmospheric noise on the performance of telecommunication systems.
Abstract: Ion Chemistry and Composition of the Atmosphere, A.A. Viggiano and F. Arnold Meteorologic Aspects of Thunderstorms, E.R. Williams Thunderstorm Electrification, C.P.R. Saunders Lightning Currents, T. Ogawa Lightning Detection from Ground and Space, R.E. Orville Artificially Triggered Lightning, K. Horii and M. Nakano Ball Lightning, H. Kikuchi Lightning and Atmospheric Chemistry: The Rate of Atmospheric NO Production, M.G. Lawrence, W.L. Chameides, P.S. Kasibhatla, H.Levy II, and W. Moxim Lightning Within Planetary Atmospheres, K. Rinnert Quasistatic Electromagnetic Phenomena in the Atmosphere and Ionosphere, R.H. Holzworth Schumann Resonances, D.D. Sentman Low-Frequency Radio Noise, A.C. Frazer-Smith Radio Noise Above 300 kHz due to Natural Causes, D.E. Proctor Atmospheric Noise and Its Effects of Telecommunication System Performance, A.D. Spaulding
367 citations
TL;DR: In two summertime mesoscale convective systems, mesospheric optical sprite phenomena were often coincident with both large-amplitude positive cloud-to-ground lightning and transient Schumann resonance excitations of the entire Earth-ionosphere cavity.
Abstract: In two summertime mesoscale convective systems (MCSs), mesospheric optical sprite phenomena were often coincident with both large-amplitude positive cloud-to-ground lightning and transient Schumann resonance excitations of the entire Earth-ionosphere cavity. These observations, together with earlier studies of MCS electrification, suggest that sprites are triggered when the rapid removal of large quantities of positive charge from an areally extensive charge layer stresses the mesosphere to dielectric breakdown.
356 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarized research on regional and global lightning activity and the global electrical circuit and summarized that the area of activity has greatly expanded through observations of lightning by satellite and through increased use of the natural (Schumann) resonances of the Earth-ionosphere cavity.
279 citations