Scintillation

About: Scintillation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 14022 publications have been published within this topic receiving 187694 citations.

Energy-transfer nanocomposite materials and methods of making and using same

Abstract: The presently claimed and disclosed inventions relate, in general, to methods of radiation dosimetry and imaging using scintillation luminescence. More particularly, materials having a scintillation luminescence response to radiation that varies with total radiation dose received can be used for dosimetry monitoring, including, but not limited to nanoparticles for in vivo, real-time dosimetry. Energy-transfer nanocomposite materials as well as methods of making and using such materials in various applications including, but not limited to, in vivo radiation dosimetry and imaging, are disclosed. More particularly, the presently claimed and disclosed inventions relate to nanoparticle scintillation luminescence particles encapsulated in hosts of the general formula BaFX and BaFX:Eu2+ where X=Cl, Br and I.

Measuring Ionospheric Scintillation Effects from GPS Signals

Abstract: GPS signals provide an excellent means for measuring ionospheric scintillation effects on a global basis because the signals are continuously available and can be measured through many points of the ionosphere simultaneously. GPS signals are themselves affected. However, tracking through disturbances with a GPS receiver is usually possible with reasonably wide bandwidth tracking loops. Because of this, ionospheric scintillation can be monitored, and is currently being monitored around the world. This was not widely possible during the last solar activity peak. The importance of the wide bandwidth is that scintillation parameters, such as spectral content, can be computed, not just the effects of the scintillation on GPS receiver performance. The majority of the current wide bandwidth monitoring is being done using a commercially off-the-shelf GPS receiver implemented with special software -- the GSV4000 GPS Ionospheric Scintillation Monitor (GISM) and predecessor prototype units. Now, GPS Silicon Valley is pleased to offer the new GSV4004 GPS Ionospheric Scintillation and TEC Monitor (GISTM) receiver. This receiver, a NovAtel EURO4 dual-frequency receiver with special firmware, comprises the major component of a GPS signal monitor, specifically configured to measure amplitude and phase scintillation from the L1 frequency GPS signals, and the ionosphere's TEC from the L1 and L2 frequency GPS signals. This scintillation and TEC monitoring receiver is housed in a NovAtel GPStation4E housing with a low phase noise oscillator, and provides true amplitude, single frequency carrier phase measurements and TEC measurements of up to 11 GPS satellites in view. It will also track one SBAS (WAAS, EGNOS or MSAS) satellite, providing L1 measurements and data, as the 12th satellite. The unit comes with complete software that allows the automatic measurement and computation of all the major scintillation parameters and TEC. A variety of antennae, with or without choke rings and cables, are offered as options. In this paper, the wide bandwidth monitoring capabilities of these receivers are described. This is followed by the presentation of data collected from a selection of recorded scintillation events and TEC calibration results.

Development of a Gd Loaded Liquid Scintillator for Electron Anti-Neutrino Spectroscopy

Abstract: We report on the development and deployment of 11.3 tons of 0.1% Gd-loaded liquid scintillator used in the Palo Verde reactor neutrino oscillation experiment. We discuss the chemical composition, properties, and stability of the scintillator elaborating on the details of the scintillator preparation crucial for obtaining a good scintillator quality and stability. ( 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PACS: 14.60.P; 29.40.M

LiBaF3, a thermal neutron scintillator with optimal n-γ discrimination

Abstract: We report on the scintillation properties of a LiBaF3 crystal when irradiated with thermal neutrons or gamma rays. The scintillator exhibits cross luminescence and self-trapped-exciton luminescence. The former does not show up under thermal neutron irradiation, whereas both give a response under gamma irradiation. This offers a unique opportunity for thermal neutron-gamma discrimination. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated.