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Scintillation
About: Scintillation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 14022 publications have been published within this topic receiving 187694 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, a direct comparison between YAP:Ce{sup 3++} and LuAG: Ce{Sup 3+} scintillators is performed for radioluminescence light output, scintillation decay, and thermolumine properties.
Abstract: This note provides a direct comparison between YAP:Ce{sup 3+} and LuAG:Ce{sup 3+} scintillators grown in the same laboratory as for radioluminescence light output, scintillation decay and thermoluminescence characteristics. A correlation between the occurence of thermo-luminescence (TSL) peaks round RT and of very slow components in the scintillation decay of LuAG:Ce{sup 3+} is revealed. Importance of understanding of the nature of such TSL active trapping states and their removal for further optimisation of LuAG:Ce{sup 3+} scintillator is concluded. (orig.)
199 citations
TL;DR: In this article, X-ray diffraction and electron probe microanalysis techniques are employed to check the structure and chemical composition of single crystals, and the authors show that balanced Gd and Ga admixture in the Y3Al5O12 structure can considerably increase scintillation efficiency.
Abstract: Ce-doped (YyGd1−y)3(GaxAl1−x)5O12 (x = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and y = 1, 2, 3) single crystals are grown by the micro-pulling down method. X-ray diffraction and electron probe microanalysis techniques are employed to check their structure and chemical composition, respectively. Optical and photoluminescence characteristics are measured and radioluminescence spectra, light yield and scintillation decay measurements are further made to evaluate the scintillation performance. We show that balanced Gd and Ga admixture in the Y3Al5O12 structure can considerably increase the scintillation efficiency, and the spectrally corrected light yield value exceeds 44000photonMeV −1 . Scintillation decay times approach that of Ce 3+ photoluminescence decay and an additional less intense slower component is also observed. Physical aspects of energy transfer process and 5d1 excited state depopulation are discussed. The micro-pulling down technique is shown as an ideal tool for a directed combinatorial search for targeted single crystal compositions to reveal those with the highest figure-of-merit for a given application field. (Some figures may appear in colour only in the online journal)
198 citations
TL;DR: Nikl et al. as mentioned in this paper showed the structure of a Lu3Al5O12:Ce single crystal, a possible high performance scintillator material, whose scintillation performance is degraded by the occurrence of antisite defects.
Abstract: The cover picture of the current issue refers to the Rapid Research Letter by Martin Nikl et al. [1]. It depicts the structure of a Lu3Al5O12:Ce single crystal, a possible high performance scintillator material. Its scintillation performance is, however, degraded by the occurrence of antisite defects. Such defects arise in the material structure sketched in the figure due to the occurrence of Lu3+ ions at the Al3+ octahedral sites as seen in the middle left octahedron. This defect constitutes a shallow electron trap, which delays energy delivery to the Ce3+ emission centers, and thus slows down the scintillation response of the material. Thermoluminescence measurements appear as sensitive diagnostic tool to evidence these defects in the single crystals grown.
Martin Nikl is senior scientist and head of the Laboratory of Luminescence and Scintillation Materials at the Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences. His main research activities include the characterization of the luminescence and scintillation properties of wide band-gap materials and the influence of material defects on them.
197 citations
TL;DR: The amplitude of refractive scintillation is of order ten percent at ten gigahertz unless the source size is much larger than the expected size, of order microarcseconds.
196 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of Mg codopant on scintillation was investigated in single crystal scintillators, which were prepared by a micropulling down method in a wide concentration range from 0 to 3000 ppm of mg-codopant.
Abstract: Mg-codoped Lu3Al5O12:Ce single crystal scintillators were prepared by a micropulling down method in a wide concentration range from 0 to 3000 ppm of Mg codopant. Their structure and chemical composition were checked by X-ray diffraction and electron probe microanalysis techniques. Absorption and luminescence spectra, photoluminescence decays, and thermoluminescence glow curves were measured together with several other scintillation characteristics, namely, the scintillation decay, light yield, afterglow, and radiation damage to reveal the effect of Mg codoping. Several material characteristics manifest a beneficial effect of Mg codopant. We propose a model explaining the mechanism of material improvement which is based on the stabilization of a part of the cerium dopant in the tetravalent charge state. The stable Ce4+ center provides an additional fast radiative recombination pathway in the scintillation mechanism and efficiently competes with electron traps in garnet scintillators.
193 citations