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Scintillation
About: Scintillation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 14022 publications have been published within this topic receiving 187694 citations.
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104 citations
01 Oct 1990-Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment
TL;DR: In this paper, a compact and highly granular charged particle detection array, covering 89% of 4π in solid angle, is described, which consists of 188 fast-plastic CsI(Tl) phoswich detectors arranged in 11 rings coaxial about the beam axis.
Abstract: A compact and highly granular charged particle detection array, covering 89% of 4π in solid angle, is described. In its present configuration, the array consists of 188 fast-plastic CsI(Tl) phoswich detectors arranged in 11 rings coaxial about the beam axis. Each phoswich detector is comprised of a 40 μm thick plastic scintillator foil and a 2 cm thick CsI(Tl) crystal selected for good scintillation uniformity. The detectors are read out by photomultiplier tubes. Elemental identification up to Z ≈ 18 and isotopic identification of H and He nuclei is achieved by exploiting pulse shape discrimination techniques.
104 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a method for measuring neutron spectra in the energy range 1 to 10 Mev was described, where the pulse height spectrum of scintillations produced in a stilbene crystal by recoil protons originating in the crystal is analyzed to yield the incident neutron energy distribution.
Abstract: A method is described for measuring neutron spectra in the energy range 1 to 10 Mev. The pulse‐height spectrum of scintillations produced in a stilbene crystal by recoil protons originating in the crystal is analyzed to yield the incident neutron energy distribution. Insensitivity to gamma rays and electrons is achieved by utilizing differences in the pulse shapes of light pulses produced by electrons and protons. This spectrometer is useful for both group and continuous spectra and has been tested by measurement of the spectra from a Pu‐Be neutron source and from the spontaneous fission of Cf252. Both measurements are consistent with previous data. The Pu‐Be data definitely confirm a peak at 9.7 Mev that was suggested by previous data.
104 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the exciton transfer to the dopant occurs at around 8 eV, and the energy transfer via sequential hole and electron trapping is dominant at higher energy.
Abstract: Absorption, reflection as well as luminescence emission, excitation, and decay curves for single crystals of and grown by the Bridgman technique have been measured at various temperatures. The fluorescence spectra photo-excited over a wide energy domain ranging from the UV to the x-ray region, and the kinetics are typical of the cerium and praseodymium ions. These experimental results show that the exciton transfer to the dopant occurs at around 8 eV, and the energy transfer via sequential hole and electron trapping is dominant at higher energy. This process must be considered as the main scintillation mechanism in this crystal. The high efficiency of this mechanism is explained by the small energy difference between the 4f level of the dopant and the top of the valence band, estimated from XPS measurements.
104 citations
TL;DR: Intraoperative sentinel lymph node as well as tumor detection may be improved under some circumstances by the use of beta (negatron or positron), rather than gamma detection, because the very short range of such particulate radiations eliminates the contribution of confounding counts from activity other than in the immediate vicinity of the detector.
104 citations