Topic
Scintillation
About: Scintillation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 14022 publications have been published within this topic receiving 187694 citations.
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01 Jul 2015-Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment
TL;DR: In this paper, a Compton camera is developed for the purpose of ion-range monitoring during hadrontherapy via the detection of prompt-gamma rays, which consists of a scintillating fiber beam tagging hodoscope, a stack of double sided silicon strip detectors (90 Â 90 Â 2 mm 3, 2 Â 64 strips) as scatter detectors, as well as bismuth germanate (BGO) scintillation detectors (38 Â 35 Â 30 mm 3, 100 blocks) as absorbers.
Abstract: A Compton camera is being developed for the purpose of ion-range monitoring during hadrontherapy via the detection of prompt-gamma rays. The system consists of a scintillating fiber beam tagging hodoscope, a stack of double sided silicon strip detectors (90 Â 90 Â 2 mm 3 , 2 Â 64 strips) as scatter detectors, as well as bismuth germanate (BGO) scintillation detectors (38 Â 35 Â 30 mm 3 , 100 blocks) as absorbers. The individual components will be described, together with the status of their characterization.
93 citations
03 May 2016
TL;DR: The experimental results show that salt attenuates the received signal while air bubbles mainly introduce severe intensity fluctuations, and a combination of an exponential and a log-normal distributions is proposed to perfectly describe the acquired data PDF for such regimes of scintillation index.
Abstract: In this paper, we experimentally investigate the statistical distribution of intensity fluctuations for underwater wireless optical channels under different channel conditions, namely fresh and salty underwater channels with and without air bubbles. To do so, we first measure the received optical signal with a large number of samples. Based on the normalized acquired data the channel coherence time and the fluctuations probability density function (PDF) are obtained for different channel scenarios. Our experimental results show that salt attenuates the received signal while air bubbles mainly introduce severe intensity fluctuations. Moreover, we observe that log-normal distribution precisely fits the acquired data PDF for scintillation index (σ2I) values less than 0.1, while Gamma-Gamma and K distributions aptly predict the intensity fluctuations for σ2I > 1. Since neither of these distributions are capable of predicting the received irradiance for 0.1 < σ2I < 1, we propose a combination of an exponential and a log-normal distributions to perfectly describe the acquired data PDF for such regimes of scintillation index.
93 citations
01 Sep 1992-Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment
TL;DR: In this article, lead molybdate (PbMoO 4 ) is found to be an efficient scintillator when cooled down to liquid nitrogen temperature, and the decay time is as long as 11 μs if it is cooled below 100 K.
Abstract: Lead molybdate (PbMoO 4 ) is found to be an efficient scintillator when cooled down to liquid nitrogen temperature. The scintillation light of PbMoO 4 excited by γ-rays amounts to as much as 16% of that of NaI(Tl) in the wavelength range between 180 nm and 650 nm and the decay time is as long as 11 μs if it is cooled below 100 K. Since 100 Mo, whose natural abundance is 9.6%, is a double β decay nuclide, the PbMoO 4 can be useful for the double β decay experiment.
93 citations
01 Jun 2003-Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment
TL;DR: In this article, the performance of doped ZnO scintillator crystals was evaluated using a high-pressure direct melting technique, and the results showed promising performance for pulse rise-times.
Abstract: We report promising performance from prototype doped ZnO scintillator crystals. The scintillation properties of ZnO in powder form have long been known. Recently, Cermet Inc. has developed the capability to produce single crystals of ∼1 cm 2 area, using a high-pressure direct melting technique. Crystals of several doping species and concentrations have been produced and tested. These crystals exhibit pulse rise-times
93 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors demonstrated the use of radio scattering and scintillation observations, using spacecraft signals, for measuring interplanetary shock waves near the sun, and showed that Doppler noise, a parameter which is routinely observed and recorded by the NASA Deep Space Network, is essentially a measure of doppler scintillations, and provided the first near-sun profiles of solar wind speed and electron density fluctuation for a shock wave produced by a solar flare.
Abstract: It is pointed out that more definitive shock velocity observations near the sun are needed for an improved determination of the extent of shock deceleration from the sun to earth. Woo and Armstrong (1981) have demonstrated the use of radio scattering and scintillation observations, using spacecraft signals, for measuring interplanetary shock waves near the sun. Woo and Armstrong provided the first near-sun profiles of solar wind speed and electron density fluctuation for a shock wave produced by a solar flare. The present investigation has the objective to demonstrate the use of Doppler or phase scintillations for monitoring and observing interplanetary shocks. It is also shown that Doppler noise, a parameter which is routinely observed and recorded by the NASA Deep Space Network, is essentially a measure of Doppler scintillations.
92 citations