Showing papers on "Sea breeze published in 1972"

Surges of Maritime Tropical Air Northward Over the Gulf of California

Abstract: Several surges of maritime tropical air into the deserts of Arizona and California are investigated. These surges are related to the large cloud masses of tropical origin located over the Gulf of California. A natural channel exists for this surge transport; it is about 200 mi in width, the western boundary being the rugged ridge line extending the length of Baja California and the eastern boundary being the broad Sierra Madre Range. The surge process resembles that of a very large-scale sea breeze with the greatest energy transport occurring near the surface and disappearing in the middle troposphere. Four case studies are analyzed in detail.

The Climatology and Prediction of the Chicago Lake Breeze

Abstract: As part of an extensive mesoscale study of the Chicago lake breeze, ten summer months of data (1966–68) were used to compile a climatology of this phenomena and devise a simple forecasting technique. The lake breeze was found to occur at the Chicago shoreline on 36% of all days (out of a sample of 307). The time of onset ranged from before 0600 to 1&30 LST, with 0800–0900 LST being most frequent. The lake breeze front, defined as a narrow (1–2 km) band of convergence separating airflows with overland and overwater trajectories, was found to push inland anywhere from 1 block to over 40 km. Experience verified that light gradient winds, strong insolation, and land air temperatures warmer than the lake water surface were the favorable conditions for formation. However, in an attempt to arrive at more objective forecasting scheme, the work of Biggs and Graves was extended to Lake Michigan. A dimensionless number, σ = V2g/(CpΔT),is defined where Vg, is the geostrophic wind speed from the 1200 GMT surf...

A numerical experiment of effects of turbulent transfer processes on the land and sea breeze

Abstract: A two-dimensional land and sea breeze model was integrated numerically for some different formulae of vertical turbulent exchanges of heat and momentum in order to examine the effect of the formulations on land and sea breeze circulation. For the upper boundary layer the use of a formula of turbulent exchange coefficient K to be locally estimated by the thermal stratification and the vertical wind shear yields an extremely weak land and sea breeze. The formula of K used by Estoque [1961] which takes into consideration the Richerdson number of the surface layer gives 'orne characteristic features of the land and sea breeze. It is suggested that the effect of so-called penetrative convection should be taken into account in turbulent transfer processes.